Ceiling fan own. Wall and ceiling fans are the easiest way to clean and cool indoor air. Main advantages and disadvantages

To cool the air in the room, such a device has long been used - a ceiling fan. Many of you probably remember catering canteens, where it was simply impossible to do without this device in the hot season. Such a device is used in our time, though with some improvements and additions.

All about fans

Device

• An ordinary household fan is powered by a mains voltage of 220V and a frequency of 50Hz. The rotation of the blades occurs with the help of an electric motor, which is located in a decorative case made of plastic or metal.

• A typical ceiling fan has three or six blades, which can be made of plastic, metal, MDF and wood, with different colors or applied patterns. Such a number of rotating elements ensures the aerodynamic properties of the module and corresponds to its intended purpose - air ventilation.
• Sometimes you can find a fan with two or ten or fifteen blades in general, but the aerodynamic properties of such devices are very underestimated in favor of design. Such a fan can rather be considered as a decorative device.

• The bracket is designed to fasten the blade to the moving part of the electric motor. Such components are usually made of metal.
• The ceiling fan module is usually attached to the ceiling only on a hook, which, in turn, can have miscellaneous device. First option, this is when the hook is fixed on a plate that is screwed to the ceiling and at the same time the J-shaped hairpin can rotate in different directions. Second option provides a threaded hook that is screwed either into the dowel or directly into the ceiling.

• To adjust the distance of the blades from the ceiling, the ceiling fan module is equipped with a rod, which can be shortened up to 0.25m or extended up to 1.5m. For example, a ceiling fan mr 1 from the beginning of the rod to the end of the case has a size of 156cm. But in any case, one should not forget that the distance from the fan blades to the floor, which can be allowed, must be at least 230cm.
• Usually there are two decorative caps on the fan- one on top and one on the bottom. Top cap closes the fastening device, and lower– wires, capacitors and terminal box. Also on the module there are small decorative caps that cover the bolts for fastening the brackets and blades.

• Often there is a regulator on the fan housing that changes the direction of the air flow– up or down (reversible fans). Such modules are also equipped with cord-switches, such as a lanyard, one of which is responsible for the action of the blades, and the other for the lighting built into the fan.
• Ventilation is carried out in three or five-speed mode, and you can control these modes either with a ribbon cord or with a remote control. The remote control also allows you to control the lighting that is built into the fan module.

Types of fans and scope

• Ventilation on the ceiling can serve both for direct use and for decorating the room. Modern ceiling fans allow you to combine these two requirements and very often without compromising each other.

• Ceiling fans can be divided into two categories - these are those that are not provided. The first category can be quite varied, as the number of fixtures can vary from one to twelve. In this case, fluorescent, halogen or diode lamps can be used, and the power and color can also be adjusted from the remote control.
• The use of fans on the ceiling is most often found not in everyday life, but in office buildings and medical institutions. Also, such a device is almost always in educational institutions and in paragraphs Catering.
• At home, a ceiling fan is used in large rooms in the absence of an air conditioner, and sometimes with it, using these devices in turn. Sometimes a fan is simply not enough because air-conditioned air can be medically contraindicated (asthma).

• Ventilation in a stretch ceiling is somewhat different. There you can not install the usual module on a long rod - priority is given to the embedded device. The exact same built-in fan can be used on any. Thus, you can solve the requirement for the distance to the floor (230cm from the floor to the blades).

Recommendations. Sometimes the use of fans is regulated by regulatory documents. So in regions with an outside air temperature above 25⁰ C, it is necessary to install a fan for rooms with a permanent presence of people.

Fans should be installed on the ceiling to increase the air movement rate, from 0.3 to 0.5 m/s. The requirements are established by SNiP for amenity and administrative premises (dated 2.09.04-87, paragraph 4.6).

Conclusion

There are rumors among the population that an allegedly working ceiling fan is able to cut off a person’s head, but this statement only causes a smile. The power from the blow of the blade is so small that it is not even able to damage the skin on the arm or at least leave a hematoma. In fact, the use of such a device brings freshness into the room by moving air currents around the room.

Installing a fan is a delicate matter. Before you make a fan with your own hands, you need to determine its installation location. The fact is that in the manufacture of the structure today, two types of engines are used:

• collector;
• asynchronous.

The collectors make a lot of noise during operation; when it is switched, a spark occurs. In addition, the movement of the brushes also makes a lot of noise.

Asynchronous motors, which are equipped with a squirrel-cage rotor, are the exact opposite. At self-manufacturing fans as a starting relay, you can use an element from the refrigerator.

Fan Manufacturing Principles

When making a fan with your own hands, you need to take into account some aspects, the most important of which is noise. To get an idea of ​​the work commutator motor, you just need to remember how the Cyclone vacuum cleaner works, its volume is about 70 dB. Based on this, you should consider whether to use such an engine or not. In this regard, it is most realistic to use an asynchronous motor, moreover, when performing the simplest fan model, a starting winding is not required. Yes, and its power is small, and the secondary EMF is induced by the field from the stator.

The drum in an asynchronous motor has a squirrel-cage rotor with copper wires cut along the generatrix, passing at an angle with respect to the axis. It is this slope that determines the direction of rotation of the rotor in the engine. The copper strands are not insulated from the material of the drum, as they have a conductivity that is superior to that of the surrounding material, and the potential difference between adjacent strands is small. And in this regard, the flow of current flows through copper. The stator and rotor are not interconnected by contacts, and therefore there is no spark, since the wire is covered with varnish insulation. That is why the noise of an induction motor is determined by the following factors:

• ratio of stator and rotor;
• quality of bearing elements.

With the correct setting of the asynchronous motor, you can achieve silent operation of the motor. Well, if we are talking about how to properly make a duct fan with your own hands, then you can allow the installation of a collector motor, but taking into account where the section will be located.

The duct fan is installed in the duct section itself and is placed in the center of the duct. For this reason, when a fan is made in an air duct, noise does not play a special role, since the sound wave decays while the channel passes.

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To make a fan with your own hands, you need to purchase a kitchen or bathroom fan model, the one that is mounted to the hood. The box from under it is also useful, and you will also need:

• scissors;
• net;
• glue or tape.

Fan installation diagram.

The design will be powered by the network, but consuming little electricity. To begin with, a box is taken, and a through hole is made in it. The design of the fan for hoods is cylindrical, it will also be the basis for the shape of the hole.

Subsequently, a fan will be installed in this hole. The hole is cut out with a smaller diameter than the structure itself, in order to make it more stable and safe. From the side of the bottom of the box, an opening is made for the output of the cord. In order for the fan not to hang out in the box, you can put cardboard scraps in it, and fix it with electrical tape. For safety, a protective mesh is installed on the front part, where the blades are located. The denser the meshes in the grid, the less likely it is to fall under the blades. Making a homemade fan does not require large expenses, and if you decorate the box, you can get an additional element of interior design.

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USB fans: features

Such a model will not be easy to make. This is a great option for individual cooling when working at a computer. Such a device is obtained with sufficient power, and also the energy consumption is not much greater. For the device of this design you will need:

• a couple of CDs for a computer;
• cord with USB plug;
• wires;
• an old motor, these are usually installed on children's toys;
• wine cork;
• cylindrical cardboard;
• glue and scissors.

First of all, the disk is cut into blades. The power of the air flow depends on the presence of the blades, the more of them, the stronger it will blow, but the segments themselves should not be small.

Only one disk is cut, the second will be used as a stand.

To bend the blades, they are heated over a small flame and bent forward at an angle.

They must face the same direction. When the disk with blades is ready, a cork is inserted into its center, and a hole is made in it.

In order to make the wire usable, the outer winding is removed from one end of the USB cable, under which there are 4 wires. Steam rooms can be separated, connected to the motor and insulated.

Read this post:
Varieties of ceiling fans: what are they and where are they used
Ceiling fan: additional functionality
How to install a ceiling fan with your own hands: installation features

The summer heat makes a person take a different look at his habitat - if in winter period few people think about the issue of lowering the air temperature in an apartment or house, but in the summer this issue becomes very relevant. Traditionally, it is solved by installing an air conditioner, but besides it, there are a number of other devices that allow you to lower the air temperature in the room - this is a fan, which can be portable, floor or ceiling. In this article we will talk about this type of ceiling device - together with the stroisovety.org website, we will study its varieties, get acquainted with their features and consider the question of how to install a ceiling fan with your own hands?

Installation of ceiling fans photo

If we consider the ceiling fan globally and do not take root in such differences as power and design, then all models that exist today can be divided into five groups.

1. Household ceiling fans. Their main difference lies in attractive design. They can be used not only for cooling air in residential premises, but also in gazebos and in general where there is a roof or ceiling to which it can be attached.
2. Industrial ceiling fans. We can say that this is the complete antipode of household appliances of this type - beauty and design fade into the background here, and power, durability and reliability come forward. Such units are used in most cases in industrial workshops, warehouses and various public buildings.

   How to make a ceiling fan with your own hands photo

3. Outdoor fans. Yes, it is difficult to find a ceiling on the street, but nevertheless such devices exist and they are installed either on special racks or in gazebos and pavilions, the roof of which forms a frame for climbing plants. The main difference between fans of this type is the degree of dust and moisture protection - such fans are reliably protected from almost any aggressive natural factors.
4. Energy saving ceiling fans. The only thing that distinguishes them from standard devices of this type is ultra-efficient motors with low electrical energy consumption - their whole secret lies in the internal filling.
5. Universal ceiling fans. They can work in any type of premises and in any weather - with the same success they can be used both in workshops and warehouses, and in living rooms, as well as on the street.

Naturally, these are not all the differences that ceiling fans can boast of.

For example, in a separate category can be distinguished combined devices of this type. For domestic and industrial needs, quite often such devices combine both a chandelier and a fan - for rooms this is generally perfect option. In addition, almost all of the ceiling-type fan units listed above may differ in a different set of functionality - this should be discussed in a little more detail, which we will deal with further.

DIY ceiling fan photo

Ceiling fan: additional functionality

Before purchasing and installing a fan on the ceiling with your own hands, you should familiarize yourself with the additional features of these devices - by and large, they are not small, and no one will be worse off from their presence. On the contrary, each additional quality will greatly simplify the life of the owner of such an installation. Among the most commonly used fan add-ons are the following features.

1. Remote control. There are no comments here, since a person has long been accustomed to various kinds of remote controls.
2. Motion Sensor. This device allows you to turn on the fan when a person appears in the room - this sensor detects movement and starts the fan motor to work. Similarly, it turns off the device when the sensor stops detecting movement for a certain amount of time.
3. Air ionizer - it is also sometimes called a fan for air purification, although this is not entirely correct. A special device saturates the air in the room with ions, thanks to which it acquires the smell of a thunderstorm or rain - thus, the coolness is felt many times more.
4. Programmable timer - this device allows you to set the time to turn on and off the fan for 24 hours and seven days a week. For example, in order to save energy, you can program the fan operation cycle - we work for half an hour, we rest for half an hour. Also, through this device, you can come home after work and at the same time get into a cool and ventilated room.

   Connecting a ceiling fan photo

5. The humidity sensor is indispensable when a ceiling fan is installed in the bathroom. You set normal humidity values, and the fan does not turn off until excess moisture vapor is removed from this room.

All these add-ons have one wonderful moment - even if they are not available in the ceiling fan model you like, you can always buy them separately and integrate them into the device through simple manipulations.

For any electrician, this is a very simple matter. As an option, when buying this device for airing the room, you can order the necessary set of functional additions.

How to install a ceiling fan with your own hands: installation features

Have you ever installed a chandelier yourself? If yes, then solving the question of how to install a ceiling fan with your own hands will not cause you any problems. Everything is simple and clear to the limit, and the entire installation process of this device can be divided into two parts.

1. Ceiling fan mounting. Everything is elementary here, and almost all available fan models can be attached to the ceiling in two ways - exactly the same as a chandelier. In one case, when the device is heavy, hook mounting is provided. And in the second situation, a U-shaped or cross bracket is used. In the first option, a hole is punched in the slab, into which a special hook is walled up - as an option, you can use an anchor hook on which a ceiling fan is hung. In the second situation, instead of a hook, a bracket is mounted using special metal dowels, to which the fan is attached using two or four decorative screws.
2. Connecting the device to electrical wiring. Here, the fan also has little difference compared to the chandelier. You can even say that its installation is easier, since there is no need to break the bulbs into switching groups - they simply do not exist. There are only three wires here, which must be connected to the apartment wiring. First (green or yellow color) is grounding. If it is not in the apartment, then the wiring can be insulated and not taken into account at all. The other two wires are phase and zero, which must be connected to the corresponding wiring wires.

   How to install a ceiling fan photo

The situation is somewhat more complicated with the connection of a fan combined with a chandelier. In principle, there is nothing complicated here, if you figure out which wires belong to which device - usually this moment is marked, but if there are no marks, then everything can be determined empirically. In addition, every manufacturer that respects itself and its consumers completes its devices with instructions, according to which almost everyone can connect ceiling fans.

It should also be mentioned that there may be two schemes for connecting the fan to the power supply - in one case they are connected to the wiring according to the chandelier principle (they need a separate switch), and in the other case they can be connected according to the sconce principle (they do not need a separate switch). needed).

The disconnecting device is built into the fan and controlled by a remote control. Given that remote controls tend to get lost, it is better to resort to a connection scheme that involves the use of a separate switch - in this situation, it will be possible to use both the key and the remote control. It turns out a kind of universal option.

And in conclusion of the topic about how a ceiling fan is made with your own hands, I will say a few words about connecting a device with additional devices - they scare many people, especially if the fan is sold completely disassembled, which happens very often. Let's face it - if this scares you, then hire a specialist, and best of all, purchase a fan with an assembled electrical circuit. As a rule, such devices for airing rooms have only a couple of wires at the output, which were mentioned above.

Author of the article Alexander Kulikov

To create coolness in the room, engineers have come up with a lot of varieties climate technology, among which the clear favorite is air conditioning. But this device is quite expensive and requires certain conditions for installation.

The cheapest and most affordable alternative to air conditioning is a conventional and familiar fan. This device has a lot of variations and solutions: desktop, floor, wall and ceiling, bladeless, etc. In addition, it is a fairly functional device that combines high performance, functionality and attractive design.

Each type of device has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this publication, I would like to touch on the topic of using ceiling fans for apartments, houses, hotels and other non-industrial premises.

A bit of history

The prototype of the first device that turns mechanical energy a fan, invented in ancient China, became a part of the air currents.

All devices that were subsequently used to create directional air movement were only an improved version of the fan. A breakthrough was made in the USA, in 1860, when the first two-bladed ceiling fan was invented. To set the blades in motion, a system of belts was used, which were driven by a water wheel.

Due to the fact that this invention was the only salvation for the inhabitants of the hot climate of the southern states, "water-powered" fans gained immense popularity.

Varieties and types

All ceiling fans can be classified according to purpose, shape and position of the impeller and installation.

By purpose, such devices are usually distinguished into mixing and retracting. According to the shape of the impeller, they are distinguished as axial and centrifugal. Bladed devices are commonly called axial, and turbine devices are called centrifugal.

Centrifugal fans, due to their design features, have rather large dimensions and are not used in residential premises.

The bulk of the models that are present on the domestic market for climate technology are suspended from ceiling, with the help of a special fastening or built into a prepared hole in a suspended or stretch ceiling.

Suspension devices for ceiling mounting

A modern ceiling fan is a device suspended or built into the ceiling, equipped with an impeller to create an air flow or mix air masses. The material for the manufacture of the blades can be different: plastic, metal, wood and even glass. The device is set in motion by means of a built-in electric motor, with a supply voltage of 12 or 220 V, depending on the purpose.

Any modern ceiling blade fan, as a rule, is equipped with an impeller speed controller. Many manufacturers have significantly expanded the capabilities of a conventional fan by adding the following functionality:

• Ability to work in reverse mode.
• Equipped with a presence sensor that turns on the device in the presence of a person and turns it off when no one is in the room.
• Equipped with a CPP system (variable pitch propeller), in which the performance is regulated depending on the rotation of the blades.
• The presence of built-in lighting in the device.

The performance of such a device varies, depending on the angle of rotation of the blade and the speed of rotation of the impeller. On average, the rotation speed of a three-speed household ceiling fan is 110/170/2350 rpm. Suspension fans are fixed by attaching a mounting plate with a J-hook to the ceiling, at a height of at least 2 m 15 cm.

The scope of such devices is very large: apartments, cottages, office premises, children's institutions, shopping centers, hotels and catering places, etc.

Suction units for ceiling mounting

The main purpose of such devices is forced air extraction from the room.

It is the purpose of such fans that determines their installation method. As a rule, all exhaust fans are built-in models that are mounted in a false or suspended ceiling and connected to the exhaust ventilation system of the house through a flexible duct. In private houses, quite often the air duct is taken out under the roof overhang, where it is connected to a decorative grille.

The blades of built-in hoods are usually protected by a decorative grille and insect screen, which creates comfort and safety in their use. Advantages of such fans:

• 3 to 5 impeller speeds.
• High performance with low noise level (25 - 40 dB.)
• The possibility of continuous use for a complete replacement of the exhaust ventilation system of the dwelling.
• Nice design.

In addition, many models are equipped with automatic fan control units, IR presence sensors, etc.

Most often, an exhaust ceiling fan is used for a bathroom or kitchen in apartments and private houses.

The first such device appeared in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century.

Since there were no alternatives to the fan at that time, there was high competition among the manufacturers of these devices. To win the competition, some companies equipped models with a lighting system. This is how the chandelier-fan appeared, which is successfully used today.

A modern chandelier-fan allows you to cool and ventilate the room, effectively combining the function of a lighting device. Such devices have from 3 to 11 lamps, which are part of the body or built into the blades, and practically do not differ in their functionality from conventional pendant models.

• They have multiple rotation speeds.
• Can be used separately as a fan and as a chandelier.
• They can be switched on from a switch for overhead lighting provided in our apartments.

In addition, some models are equipped with remote controls and built-in dimmers.

You should know that such products are very afraid of moisture, so they are not intended for installation in bathrooms, showers, baths and saunas.

Most often, chandelier fans are installed in living rooms, bedrooms and kitchens. In addition, these devices are very often used in children's institutions, hotels and office premises.

"Do it yourself"

Our man is not accustomed to spending money on something that he can do himself. This fact leaves no doubt that with a little imagination and available materials, you can easily make a ceiling fan with your own hands.

However, to create such a masterpiece, you will need an engine and an impeller, not counting wiring, fasteners, etc. The motor from the processor cooling cooler is a prank. It can be used for a table fan, since its blades are not large enough to create airflow from the ceiling.

You can use the engine from the old washing machine, but if not properly fastened, such a device can cause serious injury. You can use the motor and impeller from a broken Chinese floor fan, which have the most weakness- it's just a stand. But we still do not recommend making this device yourself.

It is best to purchase a ready-made device in a store. It is not difficult at its relatively low cost.

Many users complain about vibration, which to some extent is inherent in all devices that use the principle of rotation.

That is why owners of such equipment often ask the question: “How to balance a ceiling fan?” Balancing is carried out using a special tool, which, when rotated, shows where the impeller has an overweight. In that place, it is necessary to drill a hole to reduce its weight. It greatly affects the vibration and the angle of rotation of the blades.

You should be aware that in order to create optimal air circulation with minimal vibration, the angle of rotation of the blades with respect to the horizon line should be 12 °.

Use these instructions and you will learn how to install a ceiling fan with your own hands. All you need to complete this project is a helper and a few simple tools.

Turn off the electricity

As a precaution, always turn off the electrical outlet before doing any electrical work. Make sure you attach a note in bold letters to the power switch box: "Do not touch. I work with electricity".

Read the manufacturer's instructions carefully and assemble all necessary tools.

Install the support brace

Attach a support brace between the beams on the ceiling where you want to mount the fan as it can weigh up to 23kg. If the ceiling is covered with drywall, access the main ceiling joist to attach a brace for stability and cut a piece of drywall to fit the junction box.

Attach fan bracket

With the lamp removed, attach the ceiling fan bracket by simply screwing it to the junction box with a couple of screws.

Determination of the connection and installation of the motor

Identify the wiring that comes out of the box. In this case, you should work with bare copper wire, as well as black (phase) and white neutral (zero) wires. They will supply electricity to the fan. There is also a green wire that refers to itself.

Place the fan motor in the sleeve bearing.

Match wires and attach cover

Match the wires from the junction box to the wires from the ceiling fan by following the manufacturer's instructions and twisting them together. Secure the ends together with decorative caps.

Put the wires back into the junction box and attach the cover. Thread the screws through the keyways so that the cover is held in place. Then fasten the screws and thread the removable rim (trimming ring) through them so that they are completely closed.

The ceiling fan is considered a reliable, proven means of cooling air effectively and is a great alternative to expensive air conditioning systems. Despite the fact that the devices are quite popular and in demand all over the world, they have not yet found wide application in Russia and are just beginning to conquer the market.

Device and principle of operation

The first ceiling fan appeared in 1860 in the USA and was a two-bladed device that was attached to the ceiling and was a real salvation from the heat. Today, ceiling fans are available in two designs.

• The first type is represented by axial models, the principle of which is to capture air masses with the help of an impeller and further move them along the axis of rotation. In this case, the intensity of the passage of air flows is provided by a positive angle of attack of the incoming blades.
• Centrifugal models work differently. In such devices, air is captured by means of incoming blades and, under the action of centrifugal force, is pushed out in the radial direction relative to the axis.

According to their functional purpose, ceiling fans are bladed and exhaust.

• Vane models consist of an electric motor, a plastic or metal housing and an impeller that includes an axle and blades. The fan is fixed to the ceiling by means of a bar, which is a decorative overlay and closes the mounting mechanism. In addition, many models are equipped with a remote control function and are equipped with a remote control and switches.
• Extractors also consist of an impeller and an electric motor and are additionally equipped with decorative lattice covering the working parts of the device.

The principles of operation of a ceiling fan and an air conditioner are fundamentally different from each other. And if the air conditioner provides a decrease in the internal air temperature to the set value, then this indicator remains unchanged when the fan is running. The cooling function of the device is due to its ability to create a continuous flow of air, which provides increased evaporation of moisture from human skin and does not allow the body to overheat.

Keeping stable temperature regime is achieved by mixing cold downward flows with warm masses going to the ceiling. For the ability to mix multidirectional air flows within the same room, ceiling fans are called mixing fans. However, in order to mix sufficiently impressive volumes of air, powerful work and a large span of blades are required, which is why many devices are equipped with folding blades.

The second type of ceiling fans is represented by exhaust devices, the principle of which is as follows: a device installed in ventilation duct, removes the exhaust air to the outside. As a result, a low pressure zone is formed inside the room, which contributes to the active influx of fresh air masses into the rarefied space of the room. The air begins to be drawn in through the vents, windows and supply channels, due to which, in a short period of time, the entire air volume of the room is completely replaced.

Some high-tech models are equipped with an adjustable blade pitch impeller. Thanks to this design feature it is possible to simultaneously change the angle of attack of the blades without stopping the electric motor. This contributes to a significant reduction in noise in the room and allows for more precise control over the intensity and direction of the air jets. In addition, many models are combined into a single unit with lighting fixtures, which greatly increases the functionality of ceiling fans.

The operation of ceiling appliances is carried out in summer and winter modes. In the first case, the fan serves to cool the people in the room, and in the second case, it contributes to a more even distribution of hot air when heating the room with convector systems. The devices have a high level of protection IP 65, which allows them to be installed in kitchens, bathrooms, showers and other rooms with high humidity. In addition, unlike air conditioners, suspended fans can be installed on outdoor terraces and outdoor verandas. The noise level of most models does not exceed 30 dB.

Advantages and disadvantages

Growing popularity of ceiling fans due to a number of undeniable advantages of these devices.

• The low cost, in comparison with air conditioners, allows you to equip the room with an efficient cooling device, while significantly saving cash. The cost of devices varies from 4 to 18 thousand rubles and depends on the functionality and power of the device.
• Complete harmlessness to human health also distinguishes ceiling models from air conditioning systems. Under the fan it is impossible to freeze and catch a cold, which allows you to install appliances in children's rooms and bedrooms.

• Many modern models equipped with an auto-reverse and motion sensors that allow you to start the electric motor only when a person appears in the room. This reduces the idle time of the fan and significantly reduces energy costs.
• Ease of installation makes it possible to install the device yourself, without resorting to the use of special equipment and the invitation of specialists. In addition, installation does not require permission from the relevant organizations.

• The combination of a fan and a lighting device in one device significantly expands the scope of the unit and increases its popularity.
• A wide range of models with a wide variety of design options and colors greatly facilitates the choice and allows you to purchase a product for any interior style.
• Thanks to the possibility of installing fans on summer terraces and in cafes, the level of comfortable stay in them is significantly increased.

• Ceiling models, unlike wall and floor models, do not take up much space and harmoniously fit into the interior. It is impossible to injure yourself about such a device, which is especially important if there are small children and pets in the house.
• Exhaust fans are able to quickly replace the entire volume of air in the room and save it from bad smell burning and dampness.

The disadvantages of ceiling models include the rapid wear of the impeller, as well as the need for regular hygiene procedures for washing and cleaning the blades from dust, pet hair and hair. In addition, some models emit a certain noise during operation, which, however, is partially eliminated by adjusting the angle of attack of the blades and balancing.

Kinds

One of the main criteria for classifying ceiling fans is their functional purpose or, in other words, the installation location. On this basis, four types of devices are distinguished.

• Universal models are designed for installation in premises of any purpose, as well as on open verandas of summer cafes and terraces. Products are often equipped with a remote control, lighting fixture and can be used both for cooling in the summer months and for circulating warm air in the winter.

• Household fans are designed for installation in apartments. Appliances have medium power, often combined with a chandelier and produce little noise. Besides, household models possess beautiful design and are able to revive any interior.

• Outdoor models are equipped with increased protection against moisture ingress and are highly resistant to extreme temperatures. Such devices, along with universal ones, are designed for outdoor use and are distinguished by anti-corrosion coating, high power and long service life.

• industrial appliances characterized increased power and great workforce. Fans of this type are installed in factory floors, shopping centers and public places with the simultaneous stay of a large number of people. Models, as a rule, do not have designer frills and are made in a laconic style. In their production, special attention is paid to functional qualities, and the decorative component fades into the background.

How to choose?

The main criterion when choosing a ceiling fan is its power. It is on the value of this indicator that the volume of air processed by each blade per unit of time depends. To accurately calculate the required power, you should use the universal formula: P \u003d Sx2, where P denotes the power of the device in Watts, and S is the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room in square meters.

After the required power is determined, you can proceed to the choice of size, which indicates the span of the blades and is indicated in inches. So, for a small room of 9 m2, a 30-inch fan with a blade span of 762 mm will suffice. Medium-sized fans with 42´´ or 1066 mm impeller, designed for spacious bedrooms and children's rooms with an area of ​​16 m2. In large rooms, the area of ​​​​which exceeds 32 m2, you should choose models with blades of 52´´, which corresponds to 1320 mm.

The next selection criterion is the availability of additional functions. The most convenient models in operation are those with the ability to control the intensity of blowing and are able to smoothly or stepwise change the speed of rotation of the impeller. Often such devices have a remote control and are equipped with a remote control. Some high-tech devices are equipped with electronic timers that allow you to program the engine for a day or even a week. So, during hot daytime hours, the fan will operate at maximum speed, in the evening - at moderate speed, and at night it will automatically switch to standby mode.

Motion and humidity sensors are also quite handy options. They allow you to save energy by starting the fan only in the presence of people, as well as automatically turn on the device when the humidity level rises above the set mark. In addition, many devices are equipped with sources of ionizing radiation and fragrances that saturate the air in the room with negative ions and a pleasant smell.

Popular models and reviews

The modern market of ventilation and exhaust equipment represents a wide range of models. Most instruments meet high performance requirements and has a lot of positive reviews, but some of them I want to highlight separately.

• German fans Helios Ventilatoren well known to the domestic consumer. Products are distinguished by structural strength and durability of mechanisms, have a stylish appearance and can be used in both summer and winter. In addition, the units consume little electricity, which compares favorably with other well-known analogues. During operation, the devices practically do not produce noise and do not vibrate.

• Italian fans Nordic have only four blades and are characterized by high performance, quiet operation and long working life. Many models are combined with a chandelier and are equipped with a remote control.

• Russian ceiling fans Olympic Star enjoy well-deserved popularity not only in Russia, but also in neighboring countries. The models are distinguished by a patinated body, the color of which resembles aged gilding, and blades with a wood texture. The devices have a five-blade design and are combined with a chandelier consisting of five shades. Moreover, the lighting can work both autonomously from the fan, and simultaneously with it. The manufacturer provides a one-year warranty for all manufactured products, however, if correct installation and careful operation devices can last up to 10 years.

• Spanish Mini Eter models can work in six speeds, they are equipped with a remote control, combined with a single lamp and have a two-year warranty. Due to their low weight, reaching only 5.3 kg, the devices are easy to assemble and can be installed on light ceilings of open verandas and terraces.

• Italian model Vortice Nordik Evolution 120 closes the top five and has a simple, concise design and a long service life. The power of the devices reaches 72 W, which allows them to be installed in spacious living rooms and halls up to 35 square meters.

The models listed above are most often mentioned in the reviews of Russian consumers. An acceptable cost of devices is noted, which ranges from 4 to 15 thousand rubles, an attractive appearance and a long service life. Attention is drawn to the presence of additional options, such as remote control, built-in lamp and the ability to change operating modes. Among the minuses are the low availability of spare parts for foreign models and the heavy weight of some devices. For example, the Vortice Nordik Evolution 120 fan weighs 7 kg, which imposes certain requirements for strengthening fasteners when installing devices on suspended and suspended ceiling structures.

Installation

The trouble-free and safe operation of the fan largely depends on its proper installation. This is due to the fact that an improperly fixed device will create significant vibration and produce a lot of noise. Therefore, before installing the device with your own hands, you must read the instructions and clearly follow the connection diagram.

• It must be understood that at least 4 mounting holes should be used for the mounting bracket equipment, otherwise, due to the high dynamic load, the device will quickly loosen the fasteners and begin to vibrate intensely. In addition, the body of the instrument should be attached to the mounting bracket using movable swivel joints, leaving small gaps.

• The place of installation also plays an important role. For a more uniform redistribution of air masses throughout the room, it is recommended to install the fan exactly in the middle of the room, and if it is used to service a local area, installation should be carried out in the center of this area. Particular attention should be paid to the height of the device. For safe operation of the fan, the distance from the floor to the blades should not be less than 210 cm.

Reducing the recommended distance may not only affect the safety of using the device. The lower the blades are above the floor, the lower the performance of each of them and the more time is needed for complete replacement air volume when using exhaust models. However, placing the impeller too close to the ceiling is also undesirable, especially for stretch ceilings fabric execution: during prolonged operation of the blades, the fabric does not withstand constant exposure to vibration and quickly breaks.

• When installing fans in high rooms or attics with sloping roofs, it is recommended to use an extension rod and position the units in such a way that 2.4-2.8 meters are obtained from the impeller to the ceiling.
• When mounting on reinforced concrete bases, it is recommended to use dowels and self-tapping screws, while when installing on tension or suspended structures it is necessary to use spacers connecting the mounting brackets to the solid ceiling.

• The final stage of the installation will be the connection of the fan terminals to the electrical network. This requires a wire Brown connect with terminal L, wire blue color- with N terminal, and connect the yellow-green wire to the screw with the PE sign, which means protective earth. After the installation of the fan is completed, it is necessary to test all operating modes and check the operation of the remote control. If all the installation steps are performed correctly, then there should be no problems with a test run.

The fan is a complex household appliance, so its repair should be carried out by service center specialists. However, it is still possible to extend the life of the device and ensure its stable operation for a long time. To do this, you must follow a number of recommendations given by the repairmen of ventilation equipment, and maintain the device in time.

• So, one of the most common fan malfunctions is strong vibration and high noise level. In some cases, the device begins to buzz strongly and sway menacingly. The reason for this behavior of the device is the imbalance of the blade unit. You can fix such a malfunction yourself, and the first step will be to purchase a repair balancing kit, consisting of self-adhesive weights and weighting clips.

• Next, you need to check how reliable the connection between the blades and the rotating hub located on the shaft of the electric motor is. Loose threads must be tightened with a screwdriver or hexagon.
• The next step is to measure the distance from the end of each of the blades to the ceiling. If deviations are found, the problematic blade should be aligned, and then tighten the fastening screws.
• Then it is necessary to alternately put on a weighting clamp on each blade and turn on the device. If the vibration decreases, either attach another clamp or begin to gradually move the first one.

• It is necessary to move the clamp along the blade in the direction from the middle to the tail end. Manipulations should be continued until the vibration completely disappears. Then you need to unhook the weighting clip and stick a self-adhesive metal weight strictly in its place. Exhaust fan blades are balanced in the same way, except that the clamp weights must be smaller.