How to make automatic gates: choose a drive. Do-it-yourself automation for swing gates: a diagram and tips for making Do-it-yourself sliding gates control

The main convenience of automatic swing gates is that you can close or open them using the remote control. Everyone today wants to make their life as comfortable as possible. That is why the owners of private houses or their own garages are increasingly finding automation for you to mount it quite quickly, while getting an excellent result.

System Features

It is worth understanding how the whole system works. Automation of the gate is possible by means of a drive, which is mounted directly on the gate. A gate automation kit is not difficult to mount with your own hands. The installation process is not that easy. Here it is required to follow a clear sequence of actions in combination with accuracy and qualification at each stage of work. When installing the drive, there are several features. It is necessary to take into account the sash in relation to the height of the pillars. If the installed automation does not imply the presence of limit switches, then it is required to install leaf stops. If you miss such an important nuance, you can get a completely unexpected result. The electric motor will fail, and the functioning of the entire structure can hardly be called normal.

Equipment

Many elements contain such a complex as automation for swing gates. It will be possible to mount it with your own hands only if all the components are present. For correct and quality installation the gate is required to understand this and have minimal experience in solving such issues. The automation kit contains: 1 2 drives, 1 set of photocells, a small beacon and a remote control. The advantages of this type of mechanism include a long service life and exceptional strength. in operation, and the gate opens at a speed of up to 15 seconds. Among the shortcomings, one can single out such a moment as the presence of at least one obstacle in the way of the gate, because of which the drive may well fail, and this leads to jamming. There should not be any obstacles in front of the opening. Only in this case, it can be expected that do-it-yourself automation for swing gates will function for a long time without failing. Carrying out preventive measures will prevent equipment failures. All parts that require it must be periodically lubricated with special substances. When automation fails, it is strictly forbidden to exert physical effort if necessary to open the gate, there is only one solution - to call the master.

homemade drive

As you could already understand, with a great desire, do-it-yourself automation for swing gates is no longer such an unrealistic idea. It's pretty good way save your own money. If you have not only practical interest in this case, but you are interested in the realization of the idea itself, then this case is just for you. And it's quite an exciting process.

Required Items

The mechanism of a satellite dish is used as the main element of such a drive. Its set of equipment includes a worm gear that replaces the electric drive. The basis of the satellite television system consists of a rotary action mechanism. This is an engine that can be used to install automation. The worm gear works on a principle similar to that of an electric drive. This option is more profitable in comparison with store drives, since it requires a voltage of 36 volts for its operation, and for store drives it requires a regular network of 220 volts. For assembly, you need to get two working drives from satellite dishes. It is worth choosing models with the longest stem. You will also need a remote control and a transformer, its power should be 36-40 watts. The remote control is used to open the structure and close it. It should work at a distance of about 50 meters. In addition, it would not hurt to stock up on two key fobs sold in stores that sell goods needed in the field of security.

6 hours will be enough to collect the drive. In order for the gate automation to work efficiently with your own hands, you need to equip it with a current relay. Without it, the motor may overheat and break down. And with its help, you can easily make a drive for the gate with the most minimal cash investment. If you like the finished assembly more, then you can save on installation.

Mounting process

When installing an electric drive for swing gates, it is necessary to take into account the direction of opening of the gate leaves: outward or inward. So, if you are interested in how do-it-yourself gate automation is installed, then you need to list necessary tools for these purposes. You will need: drill, hammer, pliers, building meter, screwdriver, electrical tape. In automatic gates, unlike conventional ones, there is an electric drive. Therefore, before installing it, you need to decide which option to choose.

Types of electric drives

Electric drives can be linear or lever. To accurately determine the choice, you need to know the distance between the loop and the inside of the post. For distances up to 1.5 cm, a linear drive is required. Its cost is noticeably lower than that of the lever. If the measured distance is 1.5-3 cm, then it is appropriate to install a lever type drive. It is as reliable as linear.

The gate assumes that it is required to install not only the drive, but also a set of equipment. It is important to determine the width of the sash, as well as possible wind vibrations. Many people are afraid to install all this equipment on their own, as they do not have the necessary experience and knowledge. But here it is important to remember the need for attention to detail, then there will be no problems with the installation.

How it's done?

It is important to check that the leaf movement is easy when the drive is started. If something interferes with this, then it is necessary to find the cause and eliminate it, since the movement of the electric drive must be level. Otherwise, it is possible that the post may tilt, the angle of movement will shift, and this has a bad effect on the automation of the entire structure. After fixing various problems, you can proceed to the process of installing automation. It is important to follow the instructions as accurately as possible so that the operation of the system is as long as possible.

Regular circuit

Do-it-yourself automation for swing gates is installed on products that open inwards, while it is appropriate to use any electric drive. When using steel poles as a base, it is appropriate to install a linear drive. It is compact and reliable, and its cost is relatively low. You can also use a lever drive, but it is much more expensive. Difficult option in the presence of brick columns and finding the gate right in the middle. In this case, the linear drive is not suitable.

Lever-type automation is mounted on a pole, while the gates are opened by levers, while they must be at a distance of no more than 200 mm from the poles.

Gates open out

In this case, two types of devices are available for use, however, automation for garage doors with linear mechanism. This is a cheaper and better solution. Automation is mounted in the opening, and occupies no more than 150 mm on both sides. On narrow gates, the system is attached at the top. The actuator is usually mounted directly on the pole. Do-it-yourself automation for swing gates is installed so that the hydraulic drive allows you to open them outward. Next, the fastener bracket is welded to the structure. When opening a gate with a linear drive, there must be 1 cm of free play. After that, you can check the correct movement of the leaves and the movement of the electric drives. The next step is to install the stops for opening and closing, and then attach the motors. At the end, you need to equip the jumpers, connect to the consoles, and also turn on the mechanism. If one leaf is to move in a different direction, then the wires on the motor need to be reversed.

Final work

After that, do-it-yourself automation for swing gates must be equipped with limit switches. If you have not provided for the use of such elements, then you need to set the operating time of the sash on the board, as well as the opening and closing force. You should not set the maximum force, as this reduces the device. It is recommended to set the minimum force so that the door opens normally outward.

Problems and bugs

Quite often there are cases when people mount everything with their own hands, but do not cope with this task due to insufficient experience. This leads to a lot of errors, due to which the automation refuses to work, and the drive completely fails. Everything should be connected in stages, since this is what will correct any problems in case of mistakes. Otherwise, it will be very problematic to establish the cause of the breakdown. Proper and accurate installation, together with the high quality of the electric drive, allows the gate to function as long and correctly as possible. Even if you use automation for sliding gate, you will quickly be able to assess how convenient it has become for you to call. This is especially noticeable in winter, when you do not want to leave the warm interior of your car to open the cold gate.

To protect the entrance area in the territory for various purposes, sliding gates can be used, which operate using special automation. In this case, there are also certain installation features. Automation for retractable is installed in stages. First you need to weld a steel cantilever pipe to their structure from below. During the operation of the entire structure, it moves along roller carts installed on a specially organized foundation. Came gate automation has proven itself well. In the closed position, the lower corner of the gate is rolled up by the end roller into the trap. During the opening of the web, this movement helps to prevent lateral vibrations of the device.

Automation for sliding gates should be mounted taking into account certain points:

The installation of such structures begins with the arrangement of an independent foundation, as well as the base located in the opening and to the side of it, in the direction of opening the entire structure;

The gate fastenings and their frame itself must be characterized by a high degree of resistance to winds;

It requires the installation of a special holding part, through which it is possible to increase the width of the leaf structure in the direction in which the gate opens;

Must be provided effective protection from hacking, as well as a special type of protection against various adverse factors.

conclusions

Now you know how do-it-yourself swing gate automation is mounted. If you have a strong desire, you must strictly follow the instructions in order to get the desired result. It is important to note that automation for sectional doors is installed according to a similar principle. Therefore, you should not have any difficulties with the installation process.

Sliding gates are quite popular in use. However, their cost is quite high, so it is much cheaper to build the gate yourself. There are several schemes for organizing an automatic drive. We will learn how to make automatic sliding gates with your hands further.

Do-it-yourself automation for sliding gates - features and characteristics

With the help of a mechanized electronic drive, it is possible to ensure the opening of massive gates by pressing a button. To assemble it, you will need improvised materials, and installation work will take a maximum of a day. The main part for an automatic drive is an asynchronous type motor. Consider two options for signaling - chain and roller.

Before manufacturing the drive, it is necessary to select a suitable motor. If there is a three-phase meter on the site, we recommend that you stop at a three-phase version of the motor, the windings of which have a star connection. Thus, it is possible to get rid of a large number of problems during start-up, and the engine power will be used with maximum efficiency.

In the absence of a three-phase meter, use a single-phase capacitor-type motor. Please note that such devices are characterized by low performance, especially during start-up. Optimum Power drive is from 1 to 2.5 kW. This value is determined by the total weight of the canvas. The engine speed should be at least 500-1000 rpm. With the help of low torque, it is possible to get rid of the load on the surface of the drive shaft.

The drive wheel should make no more than one hundred revolutions per minute. This value is the output torque on the gearbox. The value of the input torque must be equal to the motor speed. This do-it-yourself scheme for connecting sliding gate automation involves the use of single-stage gearboxes.

If these parts could not be found, then it is possible to replace them with less expensive options. However, the kinematic circuit must be securely connected. The main component of this mechanism will be the power motor from the old washer. When connecting this motor, determine the ends on each winding. For these purposes, a multimeter is used that measures the resistance force, the starting type winding of this engine will differ in a large value.

A rigid or semi-rigid coupling is used to connect the gear shaft to the motor. The first option has the form of a sleeve, on which there are holes of various sizes, as well as keyways. The second version of the coupling consists of two flanges, for the connection of which rubber petals are used.

A belt drive will help replace the gearbox. At the same time, in order to correctly determine the gear ratio, the size of the large pulley mounted on the drive wheel is divided by the size of the smaller one located on the shaft of the motor.

This option is distinguished by the complexity of the assembly of tripod elements, as well as in the connection between the details of the kinematic scheme. Quite a few problems arise with the connection of belt tensioners. For this, an automobile tensioning mechanism for belts is added to the mechanism.

In addition, when using a belt drive, special attention is paid to the mechanism with an independent shaft, on which two bearings are located. Particular attention is paid to the centering of the shaft, as it has two transmissions.

Do-it-yourself homemade automation for sliding gates

We offer you to get acquainted with the manufacturing option of the simplest method of automation of sliding gates. This transmission is called rack or chain. A bicycle or motorcycle sprocket is fixed on the gear shaft. Next, you need to put on a special chain on it, the diameter of the links of which corresponds to the type of sprocket. It must be fixed in a horizontal position along the entire door leaf. By rotating the sprocket in one direction or another, the rotation of the chain is transmitted, which opens the gate.

Pay special attention to fixing the engine on the gear mechanism. Initially, it is necessary to create a frame on which the engine with the transmission mechanism will be located. For these purposes, we recommend using a 5 cm angle steel. Firmly fix the frame on concrete base. The duration of the operation of the entire mechanism depends on this. When choosing a gearbox with a motor, first of all, be guided by the height of axial rotation. If there are different values between these two mechanisms, then it is necessary to build a two-level base under the equipment.

Bolts with special nuts are used to fix the gearbox and motor. At the same time, the support under them should be distinguished by jealousy and rigidity. Under the base, you need to build oblong-shaped holes to properly adjust the position of the motor.

At the next stage, the chain is installed on the gate. Most often, it is fixed on a rail-type guide. However, this is a big mistake, as the mechanical transmission is constantly dirty and quickly fails. An additional drive-type beam is mounted directly on the canvas, while the installation height of the chain installation is 50-80 cm from the ground.

A chain with a gear-type rail is installed on the lower part of the beam; a rubber or plastic casing is used to protect it from extraneous factors and moisture. Electric welding is used to fix the end sections of the chain with the gate. Please note that all connections must be of high quality, therefore, in the absence of experience with a welding machine, it is better to entrust this process to a professional.

Chain transmission is characterized by a large number of difficulties that arise during its operation. First of all, the chain is stretched under the influence of a heavy gate. To eliminate this phenomenon, it is enough to install a hairpin on the last link of the chain, inside of which the lugs are placed. With this tensioner, the target is gradually tightened. Another option is to mount a special roller on the chain with a rigid spring. It is she who pulls the chain during operation, preventing it from stretching.

Another unpleasant phenomenon is the slipping of the chain from the sprocket. In this case, it is better to replace the chain with a gear rack; for these purposes, you need to contact a professional locksmith.

There are several types of automation for sliding gates with their own hands, schemes that differ in the presence of pressure rollers in the drive system. For the manufacture of such mechanisms, you need to spend more time and effort. The advantage of such a scheme is its dirt resistance, resistance to moisture, snow and ice.

This mechanism involves the installation of the roller on the outer wall of the rail parts. The roller has a protective cover made of rubber. The tire should have a straight tread profile that provides reliable grip. For additional force, spring compression is used. The spring is mounted on a push pin and connected to the nut mechanism. To fix the axial shafts, a P-shaped lock is used.

In order to compensate for these forces, two counter-type rollers are mounted on the reverse side of the guide element, fixed in a stationary position.

In order to purchase suitable rollers, you should contact the industrial enterprises dealing with trolleys. Try to choose wheels with a steel base and sealed bearings. The maximum load on such a roller should be 350-600 kg, in relation to the weight of your gate. Also pay special attention to the springs mounted on the pusher. They must have high clamping force. However, the load capacity of the spring must not exceed the load capacity of the bearing.

Pay special attention to connecting the motor to the roller mechanism. For these purposes, a V-belt transmission is used. To fix the driven pulley, a steel base is used, as well as wheels with three studs. Also, take advantage of several exposed gears. When choosing a place for fixing the roller, we recommend stopping at the gear shaft or directly on the motor. Thus, the surface of the tensioning mechanism will not interact with the axial roller shaft, but with the base of the gearbox housing. Note that the radial pressure on the bearing must not exceed the clamping force of the spring mechanisms.

Do-it-yourself installation of automation on sliding gates

Please note that before installing automation, you need to check simple sliding gates with your own hands without automation for defects in the process of opening them. Before the beginning installation work, you need to take care of the alignment of the gate strictly according to the level and about their correct installation.

In the process of standard equipment for automatic gate opening, there are most often:

electric drive;
a rail on which the teeth are located;
some models are equipped with a remote control;
security elements;
lamps - signal type.

In addition, in the process of work, you need to stock up on a welding machine, a drill and a set of drills for it, drives that connect the lamp and safety elements.

Initially, decide on the place of installation of the electric drive on the gate. After that, install the drive and set up the automatic elements. Install the rack with teeth on the surface of the drive, determine the mounting location of the drive so that the rack is in the center of the gear.

After that, the drive is fixed at the previously defined location. For these purposes, it is used welding machine. If it is necessary to mount the actuator a little higher certain place, it is mounted on the surface of a previously welded profile pipe. After mounting the channel, a drive is installed on it, fixed with bolts.

The next step is to install the rack with teeth. First of all, open the gate, center the rail on which the gear is located. In order to fasten the limit switches, install a rail.

The rail is welded onto the surface of the pipe, then it is pulled behind the canvas. After mounting the rail, its performance is checked. All elements on which the automation is fixed are welded again. A gap of one millimeter is left between the drive and the gear surface.

Next, limit switches are installed. Bolts are used to fix them on the surface of the rail. There are two types of switches - magnetic and mechanical. The first option is different more efficient work, as these switches work even under adverse weather conditions. The magnet is installed on a rail with teeth, passing a certain section on the gate, it starts to work, while the switches are divided into two types: plus and minus. The adjustment of these elements of the system is carried out at a distance of at least 100 cm from the gate. A conventional spring is used to operate the mechanical type switches.

It is necessary to connect the electric drive according to the instructions from the manufacturer. For advanced settings using a remote control. In addition, photocells are additionally installed that capture light signals. The photocells must be fixed opposite each other. They can be installed on previously equipped poles. In order to connect the wires, build a hole in the pipe and run them from the power supply.

Next, you should install a signal type lamp, it will transmit information about nearby objects. This element is optional, but it significantly increases the safety level of the site.

For do-it-yourself automation for sliding gates, the price is determined individually, in relation to the power of the main drive. This factor is determined by the size of the gate and its total weight. Do-it-yourself sliding gates without automation are quite difficult to use, since each time you need to use physical effort to open them.

Do-it-yourself automation for sliding gates video:

They have long replaced wooden gates and gained immense popularity among the owners of individual houses. Such gates save space and have attractive design. By equipping them with an electric drive, operation can be made more convenient. How to make an electric drive for sliding gates with your own hands, you should understand in more detail.

Drive design

Before proceeding with the manufacture of the actuator, its design should be understood. The drive for consists of the following parts:

engine;
reducer (rotation converter);
control node.

These are the main mechanisms that set the web in motion, while the electric motor acts as a source of traction.

There are two transmission options:

asterisk and chain;
pressure roller.

In the presence of three-phase voltage, a star-wound motor is perfect, which will allow you to use the maximum power of the motor. In the absence of three-phase voltage, a single-phase motor can be used, but be prepared for the fact that the starting torque will be deficient due to low power.

When choosing an engine, the following parameters must be considered:

Door leaf size. The more massive the canvas, the more powerful the engine must be installed.
Intensity of use of the structure. Home gates are only used a few times a day. Even the smallest motor will be able to provide movement with the intensity of their operation 5-6 times per hour.
Gearbox material. This indicator should be paid attention to, since when using a high-powered engine, plastic gear-reducers will quickly fail.
Rotation speed 500-1000 rpm.

Three-phase electric motors A100L8 or single-phase AIRE 80 brands are perfect for installation.

Choosing a converter for a homemade drive sliding gate should focus on important points:

The output torque should be around 80-100 rpm.
The rotation speed of the motor must match the input torque of the inverter.

Converters with polymer gears will fail faster than those with steel gears, so when choosing, you need to pay special attention to these details.

Making the main components yourself

If you have knowledge of kinematic diagrams, you can use tools that are always at hand to manufacture drive parts. The motor from a worn-out washing machine will perfectly cope with the role of the power unit. During the connection, you should use a multimeter to determine the ends of both pairs of windings, for this, set the resistance measurement mode on the multimeter. Fasten the motor and converter shaft with a coupling.

Instead of a gearbox, you can make a belt drive. To accurately calculate the gear ratio, it is necessary to divide the value of two radii of the larger pulley, which is connected to the drive wheel, by the diameter of the smaller one, which is located on the motor shaft.

However, this option is associated with the problem of manufacturing a tension structure for the belt. The issue can be resolved if you use an automobile timing belt tension wheel. In addition, in this case, it is necessary to pay special attention to the design of an independent shaft equipped with two radial-axial bearings. The shaft must be precisely adjusted, since it is the basis for installing the parts of the main transmissions: the belt pulley and the drive wheel.

Drive rack and pinion mounting

This is one of the most popular options for supplying traction from the motor to the gate using a chain. Weld an asterisk on the converter shaft, which is used on the rotational elements of bicycles and motorcycles. A chain tape with an identical link pitch as that of an asterisk should be pulled along the lower perimeter of the blade and fixed at its ends. When the gear rotates in different directions, the thrust is transmitted to the chain belt, which, in turn, tightens the canvas frame.

To install the frame, where the traction transmission system and the engine will be located, it is better to use angular steel, while the width of the shelf should be about 5 centimeters. The motor and converter are mounted to a metal support with bolts. Longitudinal holes must be provided in the base so that it is possible to correctly adjust the position.

To fasten the chain tape to the gate, it is recommended to attach an additional drive beam to the door leaf. In this case, a height of approximately 600-1000 mm from pavement. To the bottom of the beam, fasten with self-tapping screws a chain tape or a rack with teeth, protected by a side rubber or plastic casing. The fastening of the edges of the chain tape to the canvas is carried out by welding.

Important! The chain has the property of stretching, especially under severe loads, which will adversely affect the operation of the mechanism. This disadvantage can be easily eliminated by welding the studs to the last link of the chain tape and passing them through the brackets installed on the blade frame.

Tension problems can be avoided by using a metal rack with teeth instead of a chain belt. However, it is very problematic to make it with your own hands, so it is better to contact a locksmith shop equipped with special equipment for such work.

Transfer by drive roller

There is another type of electric drive, in which the pressure roller performs the main task. It is more difficult to mount such a mechanism on your own, however, it is convenient because you do not need to place additional accessories on the gate. In addition, such a mechanism is not subject to pollution and the formation of ice deposits.

The principle of operation of the pressure roller consists of several points:

TO outer wall rail guide pressed roller, protected by a rubber tire.
The force is provided by the compression force of the spring, which is installed on the pusher pin
The axes of the shaft are fixed to the shelves of the U-shaped bracket.

To compensate for the pressure created by the rotating wheel on the door leaf, two identical wheels are attached to the opposite side of the guide rail.

Tips for choosing parts for the design of the pinch roller:

Wheels should be chosen only those where the base is metal, the bearings are covered with a casing.
The load pressure level should be 300-360 kg.
The pusher springs must have a force of at least 3.5-4 kN, while it is important that it is not higher than the bearing capacity of the wheels.

Options for transmitting torque to the roller:

The V-belt transmission provides for fastening the pulley to the wheel base using 3 M12 studs and makes it possible to use a pair of open gears if they can be securely fastened.
The rotating wheel can be mounted on the converter or motor shaft by first removing the bearings from the wheel base. At the same time, it is unacceptable that the tensioning mechanism acts on the axial shaft of the wheel, since this will immediately lead to breakage. The impact force must be directed to the base of the transducer housing, freely mounted in the slots of the frame.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account the load on the front bearing of the transmission mechanism, which must have a value less than the clamping force of the springs.

For the manufacture of automatic gates, certain skills in working with equipment will be required, you do not need to believe those who convince you of the opposite. This has been repeatedly proven by folk craftsmen.

The types of automatic gates, as well as how to make automation for them, will be discussed in this article.

The popularity of such gates has influenced the growth of supply, and numerous modern models can be divided into three large groups:

swing structures;
retractable;
garage.

Given the pros and cons of each group, we can conclude that the best option are swing gates.

Main advantages hinged construction are simplicity and convenience in operation, moreover, when opening it does not take much free space. These positive qualities and due to the popularity of such gates.

Important! The average duration of operation of swing gates is approximately 50,000 opening/closing cycles.

What will be required in the work

Here is a list of all the components that will be required for installation:

Manufacturing instructions

The manufacture of the gate must begin with the choice of material.

Stage 1. Material selection

In this case, everything depends solely on the preferences and financial capabilities of the owner of the site. For the gate leaf you can use:

corrugated board;
polycarbonate;
iron fence;
steel sheet;
tree;
forging.

Stage 2. Size

After choosing the material, you need to determine the dimensions of the structure. The weight of the gate and the distance it takes to move the leaves depend on the size.

Important! It is desirable that this distance be 1.5 times the opening itself.

Stage 3. Support pillars

One of the following materials can be used for the manufacture of support pillars:

During installation, the poles must go into the ground at least a meter, otherwise in winter they will move along the vertical axis, as a result of which the entire structure is deformed.

When installing the support, you must:

Stage 4. Foundation

The foundation is the base of the gate, which performs two functions at once. Firstly, it will withstand the weight of the structure, and considerable. Secondly, a channel is installed in it for the movement of the rollers.

Outward swing gates - scheme of embedded elements

Below is the technology for laying the foundation.

Step 1. A U-shaped trench is pulled out with a size of 45x100 cm and a depth of 115-120 cm, after which a crushed stone "pillow" of the same thickness is filled up.

Step 2. A channel is made for the movement of the rollers (or a "bench", as it is also called). This will require steel reinforcement ø12 cm and the channel itself 20 cm wide. Meter-sized “swords” are cut from the reinforcement and welded to the channel shelves.

Step 3. "Banquette" is installed and poured with concrete.

Important!

1. At the end of pouring, concrete must be defended for at least a week.

2. During this time, it must be watered daily to prevent cracks.

3. The upper part of the "bench" is installed flush with the road.

Stage 5. Carrier frame

For the manufacture of the supporting frame, it is better to use a profiled steel pipe. The manufacturing process takes place in several stages.

Step 1. The profile is cut into pieces of the required length.

Step 2. Pipes are cleaned of rust.

Step 3. The surface of the profile is treated with a solvent, after which an anti-corrosion primer is applied.

Step 4. The frame is welded.

Step 5 Welds are cleaned, after which the entire structure is primed again.

Some helpful tips.

As stiffeners, you can use a pipe with a section of 3x4 cm.
The outer contour is made of a profiled pipe 4x6 cm.
All components of the frame and guide should be assembled only in a checkerboard pattern. Otherwise, when the temperature rises, the gate will definitely “lead”.

Stage 6. Stitching, staining

The paint is applied after the primer is completely dry. It is recommended to use alkyd enamel, moreover, apply it in at least two layers - this way the gate will look “rich”. Between the application of the first and second layers, pause for the paint to dry.

Important! Sewing material is selected based on the wishes and financial capabilities.

The material is fixed on the stiffeners with rivets or self-tapping screws.

Stage 7. Installation

The structure is assembled, catchers are welded to the supporting pillars, automation is installed (we will talk about its manufacture a little later). After that, the gate is tested.

Important! Such a design will cost several times cheaper than the factory model. You can save even more by making an automatic drive yourself.

To make the drive, you will need two carriages from a bicycle with drive sprockets.

Step 1. The bicycle frame is cut in such a way that the vertical tube emanating from the axle protrudes 2-3 cm above the sprocket.

Step 2. On the one hand, you need to remove only the pedal, while on the other hand, the connecting rod is additionally removed.

You will need two such sprockets, as long as they are the same size and with the same tooth pitch (one chain will be used for the drive).

Step 3. The carriages are welded to the top of the frame. It is important that the stars located at the corners are opposite each other. The connecting rods are parallel to the frame, and the rods connecting them to the gate are selected in accordance with the size of the sprockets. When the latter rotate, the rod connecting the gate leaf to the connecting rod will make the canvas move.

Important! It is difficult to determine the exact length of the rod, because there are quite a few models of bicycles. We only note that a product with a diameter of M-8 will be quite enough. The rod itself is made of steel strip.

Step 4. The chain is put on the sprockets. This must be done crosswise so that they rotate in opposite directions. To make such a chain, you will need several bicycle chains at once - they are connected to each other.

The chain needs to be well tensioned, but even after that it will sag and therefore jump off. To avoid this, a couple more metal strips are welded to the frame, which will support the chain and at the same time serve as guides. There is another option - to fix wide rollers so that the chain moves along them.

Important! The chain must be put on when the gate is closed. Next, the design is checked - one leaf is pushed out, while the second should move symmetrically to the first. If the sashes overlap, then you need to move the chain one tooth.

Electric motor installation

So, to open the gate, you need to either push one leaf or pull the chain towards you. In the future, you can automate the design - for example, install an electric motor and connect it to gearboxes from car wipers. The advantage of this option is that even an old battery is quite applicable as an energy source, so that the automation will not depend on electricity. But there is one drawback: the doors may open too slowly due to the low battery power.

Video - Do-it-yourself automatic gates

In addition, you can use the motor from the washing machine. The average power of such motors is 110-115 W, the rotation speed is 1500 rpm. In this case, the reducer will be screw jack For passenger car. The jack needs to be somewhat modernized - install a pulley from the same washer behind the bevel gear. So the jack will turn into a linear gearbox (or an actuator, as it is also called).

Video - Automatic swing gates. Installation

The jack is welded parallel to the chain so that when moving, its slider pulls the chain behind it. To connect the latter to each other, you can use ordinary steel wire.

Important! When there is a power outage to open the gate each time you have to unwind the wire.

To connect the motor to the pulley, a conventional belt from a washing machine is used. The engine speed will decrease by about 1:4, so it is advisable to make the pulley yourself, moreover, of a minimum diameter.

The gate is now ready for use. For a more detailed acquaintance with automation, you can watch the thematic video.

Video - Homemade swing gates

It is not easy to build automatic gates yourself. Certain skills and knowledge are required. However, if you responsibly approach the work with your own hands, then the task is doable.

Automatic gate device

These gates are in increasing demand every day. Structures can be divided into 3 main groups:

retractable automatic structures;
hinged design with automation;
automatic structures for garages.

Each type of gate has its own characteristics.

Sliding automatic structures are gates that are familiar to many and are used quite often.

Swing gates require free space on the side

It's all about the cheapness simple device. The disadvantage is the need for free space for opening in the side parts.

The frame is most often made of a rigid metal profile. Next, the structure will need to be sheathed. Sheathing can be made of wood or metal. Another option is to use forged carved gratings for sheathing gates.

The design consists of the following elements:

gate leaves;
fixing supports;
a set of loops;
bolt;
one or more drives;
opening handles;
elements for side stop;
center stop;
brackets for fixing the electric drive to the supports and sashes.

Mandatory design details are lateral and central stops. These are limiters that will not allow the valves to go beyond certain limits. Stops can be fixed or removable.

Mandatory details of the design also include handles and a deadbolt.

Elements needed in case of power outage

In the event of an electrical problem, the gate can only be locked and unlocked manually. The actuator comes with these parts. It is undesirable to purchase separately, as the elements may not be compatible with each other.

According to the device, automation can be divided into:

a drive that performs the operations of opening and closing the valves with fixing the required position;
automation that controls the operation of the main parts of the drive mechanism.

All moving parts must move freely along the guides. The owner must periodically control them. It is important to regularly clean and lubricate the moving parts of the structure. If the leaves are difficult to move, then there may be an increase in the load on the drive and the electric motor. In this case, mechanical failures may occur.

Retractable design

The drive consists of the following elements:

Each type of gate requires an individual drive that can provide a certain type of device movement over the required distances.

Swing construction

According to the principle of operation, they are divided into:

Lever. Consist of a set of blocks with levers.
Lever drive gate
Linear. Fixed at one point. The moving bracket moves in a straight line inside the case. The most commonly used is turning a screw through a nut, gears with a chain or belts.
Linear drive for automatic gates
Hydraulic. They are used for heavy structures, the weight of the leaves of which is 950 kg or more. The required leaf width is from 4.5 m. The elements will be subjected to intensive use.
Hydraulic drive is necessary for structures that are subjected to heavy loads
Telescopic. The elements are divided into sections. The design consists of internal sliders that allow the sections to move apart to move the end holder.
Telescopic drive for automatic gates

The drive must be firmly fixed to the base. Distortions and gaps during the operation of mechanisms are not allowed, therefore, the deepening of the base under the gate and automatic devices should be greater than the level of freezing of the earth in winter period. Only in this way can the high-quality functioning of the gate be guaranteed.

In order for the automatic control of the functioning of the leaves to take place reliably, all devices must be debugged and checked manually. These works are being carried out at the final stage. construction works. Automatic mechanisms can work:

Remotely. Based on the transmission of commands via radio waves from the remote control to the receiving device, which controls the operation of the electric motor and other parts.
From a stationary remote control, which is located on the wall of a private house.
From a combination of the first two options.

Remote control is based on the same principles as for a permanently mounted remote control with ordinary on and off buttons for a simple electric motor. The difference is that in this case it is possible to solve auxiliary technical problems.

The principle of operation of automation

First of all, the method of operation of automation from the remote control will be considered. In this case, a slight addition to the previous scheme is used. It consists in connecting in parallel with the control keys of the electronic key. It works from the signals of the receiving device, which receives commands via radio waves from the transmitter in the form of a remote control. The devices are presented in a wide range and may have different functionality and appearance, but the principle of operation remains the same.

The placement of control sensors and power mechanism components will depend on the design of the gate and the conditions of the region. For example, you can implement automatic sliding gates according to the following scheme:

You can implement automation in swing gates according to this scheme

Photocells will control the quality of the work surface. To do this, they will need to be mounted on posts fixing racks, walls and supports. After that, they need to be configured so that they can clearly cover the entry zones, control the doors reaching the extreme positions and exclude them from hitting people, cars or animals that may suddenly appear.

The drive of each of the leaves must be installed on the supporting parts.

The drive must be placed on the inside of the yard

The key to disable the structure is located on the inside of the wall near the gate.

A signaling lamp is needed to illuminate the roadway.

A signal lamp is needed to notify the opening of the gate

The device for receiving signals from the transmitter, which is located in the control unit, together with a separate drive, is fixed to the rack support. Near it, you should place a closed terminal box with wires that connect the system components to a fixed console and an input shield with a protective coating.

Electrical wiring must be hidden in special channels and protected from unforeseen damage. The command transmitter, which is built into the console, can be controlled by pressing the keys on the case.

You can control the gate with the remote control

As a result, the transmitter will broadcast encrypted radio signals of the set frequency through the antenna, which can only be perceived by the receiving device inserted into the main control unit.

After processing, the received commands are sent to the key and executed. Then the circuit will work in the same way as in the case of a fixed control unit.

For the convenience of working with the remote control, it is recommended to pre-configure the device for various algorithms. For example, you can open or close the gate leaves by single or double pressing on the control button. To do this, the receiving device and transmitter will need to be turned on and programmed according to a certain algorithm for pressing buttons on a configured mechanism. Electronics will remember this sequence of actions and will follow it in the future.

The system can be integrated with the ability to disable the operation of the automatic mechanism so that the gate is operated only manually. A manual lock and lock key must be used to complete the task. Parts must be placed in a place convenient for operation, but inaccessible to unauthorized persons.

If it is planned to manufacture automatic sliding gates, then the locations of the drive and automation devices are somewhat different, but the principle of operation remains unchanged. It will only be necessary to take into account the conditions of the design, the region and the requests of the owner of a private house. For a sliding sash, you only need to place 2 safety photocells. The stop of the drive can be provided by end mechanical devices for switching off.

All automation schemes provide a system for repeating specified processes. It allows redundant protection functions. For example, in the event of a failure of the limit switch to suspend the leaves, the motor overload protection should work. As a result, the drive will stop working. This prevents damage to the entire system.

Preparation for construction: drawings and diagrams

Installation of automatic gates should begin with drawing up a drawing. Using a pencil on a sheet of paper, draw a diagram of the gate, taking into account the dimensions. It is desirable to indicate the main dimensions of the parts on the diagram.

The dimensions of the automatic design must be specified as accurately as possible. During the calculation, the following requirements must be observed:

when a vehicle enters the garage, at least 30 cm must remain on each side;
the higher this indicator, the easier it will be to enter the territory of the site;
the width must be determined taking into account the type of vehicle.

For an ordinary passenger car, a width of 2.5 m and a height of 2 m are enough. For a minibus, the height should be about 2.5 m.

From the standard swing design, the automatic one differs only in the presence of a drive. At this stage, you should decide on the type of device - lever or linear will be installed. If you plan to install sliding gates, then the drive with levers is most often used. Linear is set if there is a minimum distance from the extreme part of the support to the loop. If there is a gap of more than 15 cm, then it is advisable to use a lever device.

Automation installation diagram indicating the number of cable cores and their cross sections

Sliding gates will be affected by the wind load, so it is important to take care of protecting the devices in advance.

If you plan to install automatic garage doors, then the ceiling level must be lowered by 25 cm. This should be taken into account, since installation will require space under the ceiling structure.

The scheme of the retractable automatic design is practically no different.

The layout of the elements of automatic sliding gates

In this case, only one electric motor will be needed.

Having decided to carry out the installation of automation, the owner of a private house assumes that it will serve for decades. A high-quality set can function for many decades, but low-quality components can become an unnecessary “headache”. To do right choice the following recommendations should be taken into account:

Manufacturer selection

Today, in construction supermarkets, you can find automation from Chinese and European factories. Chinese devices are aimed at a significant reduction in cost at the expense of quality, but there are exceptions. Well-known Chinese companies offer high-quality products for the automation of various types of gates.

From European manufacturers, Italian and German fittings should be preferred, but the latter is more expensive. Regardless of which manufacturer is chosen, you should not buy cheap parts that no one has heard of. Automatic mechanisms are purchased for a long time, so you should not save on it.

Gate drive selection

The best option can be recommended by an automation installation specialist, however, you need to understand this issue yourself. As mentioned earlier, the drive can be worm or lever. First of all, the choice should be made based on preferences for appearance products. You should also consider in which direction the structure will open - into the yard or the roadway.

The worm drive is easy to install, easy to maintain and has a long service life. This type mechanism can be installed on gates that open both inside and outside the building. If the structure opens outward, then there are limitations: the gate opening will decrease by approximately 30 cm. This is due to the installation features. If there is no free space, then such a drive is not suitable.

With the help of a drive with levers, gates opening into the territory are automated.

The lever drive can only open the gate inward

The lever mechanism is more perfect in terms of manufacturability. The disadvantage is the high cost.

Accordingly, if the gate will open inside the territory, then you can choose a drive of any type. If outward, then only a worm gear is allowed.

Drive power selection

In the process of choosing automatic mechanisms, the weight of the wings must be taken into account. IN technical documentation indicates the weight of the device. It is recommended to mount an electric drive that is designed for more weight. The recommended power margin is 30%. If the device is operated at its power limit, the drive will overheat. This will lead to the failure of the mechanism earlier than the period declared by the manufacturer.

Wind load should also be taken into account. If the gate consists of a single leaf, then the drive will have to overcome the effect of the wind. Accordingly, a more powerful design is required.

Another problem is climate change in cold weather. In summer, the design can easily open a gate weighing 250 kg, but in winter, difficulties may arise, since the drive will operate in labor-intensive conditions. Be sure to take into account that in some regions during this period the voltage of the mains drops. Drives without a power reserve may not start in this case.

Availability of additional functions

Manufacturers produce a wide range of accessories. Be sure to purchase photocells that help stop the process of closing the gate if obstacles appear in the coverage area:

It is also recommended to purchase an antenna that can increase the range of the remote control. Signal lamps can warn others that the gate is open. This function will be needed if the exit goes to the sidewalk on which people walk.

The choice of additional options depends on the operating conditions of the door.

It is also important to take into account technical specifications, which are used to classify automatic mechanisms:

Torque (Nm) - the basic parameter of automation for a lever swing structure. This characteristic is not used for worm automatics. Torque can show how much weight the design can open the actuator. The higher the indicator, the more the weight of the valves can open the automatic mechanism. For doors weighing up to 800 kg, the optimum torque is 3000 Nm.
Intensity (%) - a parameter that shows the maximum intensity of the use of the electric motor. The intensity is the ratio of the period of operation of the device to the total time. For example, if the parameter is 30%, then the structure can work 30% of the time, while the break in work will be 70% of the time. Usually this value is sufficient for gates with standard parameters.
Traction force (N) - the parameter will show with what force the mechanism presses on the leaves. The larger the characteristic, the more powerful the drive. The optimal value for a 6 m gate is 400 N.

The parameter of the maximum weight of the sash should not be taken into account. The choice must be made on the basis of tractive effort and torque.

Calculation of materials and list of tools

The minimum set of automation includes the following elements:

rack;
limit switches;
electric drive.

photocells;
warning lamp;
remote antenna.

Laying a cable with a voltage of 220 V on the territory of a private house underground can be performed without additional protection of the wire from damage. Under the passage of the car, additional cable protection must be used. In this place, the wire must be laid in a case. The structure can be built from metal or plastic pipe. The depth of the wire laying is 0.8–1.2 m.

Underground cable laying is best done in technical HDPE pipes

Such pipes cost 2 times lower than standard ones, since they cannot withstand the same pressure that ordinary water pipes can withstand. For laying the electrical cable, pipes with a thickness of 3 mm will suffice.

To bend pipes at an angle, fittings, reducers and flanges are needed.

Cable laying underground and connecting pipes with fittings

It is important to know the typology of wires and their minimum cross section:

The antenna is connected using a RG58 coaxial wire with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

If you plan to install an additional intercom near the gate, then from the private house to the structure you need to lay 2 two-wire wires 2x0.5 mm² or 2x0.75 mm².

Sliding gate materials

For the installation of an automatic sliding structure, you must also prepare the following elements:

bicycle carriages;
Bicycle carriages can be used in automatic gates
flaps;
top support rollers;
Top rollers for gates
guide bar;
rolling rollers;
roller for gates
several traps;
Gate catcher
jack;
coating material (profiled or iron sheets, polycarbonate or wood);
channel;
brick.

You also need to prepare unused washing machine, some elements will be needed for automation.

Sliding Gate Materials

For automatic gates of this type, it is necessary to prepare the following elements:

reinforced hinges with bearings;
handles;
central and side stops;
valve;
washing machine;
coating material;
profile pipes;
bicycle carriages.

Unlike the retractable design, in this case you will need 2 electric motors.

To build a sliding or sliding gate drive, you will need to prepare several carriages with asterisks.

Geared motors can be used as motion activator various types. If you plan to install small gates with low weight, then a battery-powered screwdriver electric motor, a drive for a car glass cleaner or window lifter will do.

You will also need to resolve the issue with the clutch for the shafts of electric motors. To do this, determine the required torque. For example, the closing force of the flaps can be 13.5 kg. Each kg corresponds to 9.8 N. Accordingly, the traction force will be 132.3 N. This value must be divided by the diameter of the drive wheel.

You will need these tools:

electric drill;
insulating tape;
pliers;
meter;
hammer;
soldering iron;
screwdriver.

Step-by-step guide to making gate automation

There are many options for making a drive with your own hands from various materials.

How to build a drive for sliding gates?

You can make a drive from two carriages. You will need to do the following:

The frame must be cut so that the vertical pipe that comes from the axis protrudes a few cm above the star.
On the one hand, it is necessary to dismantle the pedal, and on the other hand, remove the pedal and connecting rod.
There should be 2 sprockets. Their dimensions and tooth pitch should be the same, since the drive will use a single chain.
The carriages must be welded to the top of the frame. Stars that are placed at the corners should be placed parallel to each other.
The connecting rods should be positioned a short distance from the frame.
The rods that connect the connecting rods with the gate are recommended to be selected in accordance with the dimensions of the stars.
When the stars move, the bar that connects the sashes to the connecting rods will move the canvas.
It is problematic to choose the exact length of the rod, as there are various models bicycles. Suitable design with a diameter of M-8. The bar can be made from a metal strip.
The chain must be crossed over the stars. As a result, they should scroll in different directions. The design is made of several chains from a bicycle. They will need to be fastened to each other.
It is important to tighten the chain well. However, this will not solve the problem that it may sag or come off. This can only be fixed by welding a few steel strips to the frame to support the chain. Details will be used as guides. Another option is to fix the large width rollers along which the chain will move.

Homemade drive for gates from a bicycle frame assembly

The chain is mounted exclusively on closed gates. After that, a design check should be performed. To do this, you need to push out one sash. The second will have to move symmetrically to the first. If overlap is obtained, then the chain should be moved one tooth.

How to make a sliding gate drive?

The lightweight sash can be driven by a drive from a modernized power window mechanism. The advantages of the method include ease of manufacture and operation with virtually no noise. The following power windows can be used as a drive:

a drive that functions with a gear;
a design in which a rack with teeth is used as a moving element.

In each case, the drive part must be installed on an iron platform, which is securely attached to the pole. The metal bar should move parallel to the base of the gate and extend towards it.

The power window mechanism needs to be improved:

Automation for sliding and sliding gates

The next step is to mount the motor for the sliding gate.

After manufacturing the drive, you will need to install the automation for the gate

To open the gate, you need to push one leaf or pull the chain towards you. To automate the design, you can install an electric motor and connect it to the gearboxes from the car wipers.

The electric motor will need to be connected to the gearboxes of the car wipers

An old battery can be used as a power source. Due to this device, automation will not depend on electricity. The disadvantage of the old battery is that it will open the doors slowly.

Another option is to use an electric motor from a washing machine. The average power of the device is 105–115 W, the scrolling speed is 1500 rpm. A screw jack for passenger vehicles can be used as a gearbox. The jack will need to be improved. To do this, behind the bevel gear, you need to install a pulley from the washing machine. In this way, you can turn the jack into a linear gearbox.

The jack must be welded parallel to the chain so that during movement the slider pulls the chain. Iron wire is used to fasten the parts together.

It is important to know: if the electricity is turned off, you will have to unwind the wire each time to open the gate.

To connect the electric motor to the pulley, you will need a belt from a washing machine. The motor speed will be reduced approximately 1:4, so the pulley diameter should be as small as possible.

To remotely control the gate, you will need to buy a single-channel 12 V car alarm and connect it.

Connect radio control with car alarm it is possible according to this scheme

Automation for sliding gates consists of the same elements. The only difference is that you need 2 electric motors. They are located in the side parts of the gate. You will also need to install levers. You can make them from a profile pipe.

How to set up automation?

Each mechanism has its own characteristics. In order for the design to serve for a long time, you will need to correctly program the control apparatus. Different manufacturers have different settings, but the following settings are most often configured:

current sensitivity. The parameter is responsible for starting the protective device. If there is an obstacle, the gate stops.
Speed change. The speed of movement of the leaves can be changed by reducing or increasing the power of the electric motor. It is not recommended to set a fast tempo, as this can lead to equipment failure. To increase the speed, you can increase the voltage to 38 V.
Automatic closing. To implement this function, the design must provide for the presence of a timer. The part is best purchased in finished form.

Other functions can be implemented by adding appropriate details to the design diagram.

In order for these gates to serve for a long time, you need to adhere to the following tips for use:

Mechanisms need to be serviced from time to time. The process consists in lubricating moving parts. Only non-freezing grease may be used.
Periodically, the guides should be inspected and cleaned of debris. If ice forms, the canvas may jam.
Automation mechanisms are also subject to verification. Parts should be checked at least once a year. If any of the elements is out of order, it is recommended to entrust the repair to specialists.
You have to take care of the fabric. It has an anti-corrosion coating, but it is often damaged. It is recommended to clean the gate from dirt in a timely manner with water and soapy water. If any of the sections is bent or scratched, then it should be treated with special anti-corrosion agents or replaced.

It often happens that some of the hand-made parts are easier and cheaper to replace with others.

Video: do-it-yourself automatic gates

You need to start installing automation after adjusting the hinges and the position of the gate.

You can make automatic gates with your own hands, but you need at least minimal knowledge in connecting electrical appliances.