Thinking about building a house with their own efforts, people try to choose construction material which is easy to work with. In the modern construction market, you can see a large selection of new materials suitable for the construction of a building. Among the building materials that are popular with consumers, one of the first places is occupied by gas silicate blocks. To make the house strong, reliable, you need to know how to lay gas silicate blocks correctly, what mortar to use and how to calculate the required amount of material for your project.

Construction technology from gas silicate

You can build your own house from gas silicate blocks even if you have only basic knowledge of building technologies, but there is diligence and enthusiasm. To build walls, you will need the following tools and materials:

1. To dilute the glue, you need a container, a whorl-perforator.
2. You can apply glue with a special bucket or notched trowel.
3. A hacksaw with a large tooth will help cut the block into pieces of the desired size.
4. Irregularities can be leveled with large emery.
5. Estimated brush.
6. Metal square, level.
7. A mortar of sand and cement.
8. Gas silicate blocks of brand D400 or D500.
9. Mineral wool vapor-tight insulation.
10. Masonry fiberglass mesh or reinforcing bars.

Calculation of the required number of blocks

You can make a calculation of the total number of gas silicate blocks by calculating the volume of all the walls of the house according to the project.

A more accurate calculation is carried out for each wall separately. To do this, you need to take the dimensions of the wall from the project, and the dimensions of the gas silicate block will become known when it is purchased. Knowing the width of the block and the length of the wall, it is fashionable to calculate the number of blocks per row of masonry. If half a block is needed, it counts as a whole block. In the same way, the number of rows of masonry is calculated. The number of rows is multiplied by the resulting number of blocks in one row. The final number is the number of blocks per wall.

If there are door and window openings in the wall, an approximate calculation is also made. Then, counting the blocks for each wall, sum up all the numbers.

Masonry

Note! The strength and reliability of the entire building structure depends on the accuracy and quality of the laying of the first row.

The finished foundation must be covered with a waterproofing layer, on top with a masonry mesh, and for laying the starting row of construction, use an ordinary mortar. Then you need to check the corners of the building for a difference in height, it should not be higher than 30 mm. If the corners are not at the same level, laying should start from the highest corner.

The first row is designed to even out the errors in pouring the foundation, so the thickness of the solution in different places may differ, but should not be less than 20 mm. Next, corner blocks are installed and interconnected with a cord. The level of the stretched cord is checked, it must be strictly horizontal. For walls longer than 10 meters, intermediate blocks must be laid to prevent sagging of the cord.

To adjust the vertical and horizontal arrangement of the blocks, use a rubber mallet. Irregularities in the masonry are removed with sandpaper. To remove dust and dirt, a sweeping brush is used. If you need a part of the block, then cut it with an electric saw or a hand saw.

Further, the laying of blocks is performed using an adhesive solution. A dry mix of fine sand, Portland cement and special additives is delivered to the construction site. It is necessary to carefully read the instructions for preparing a high-quality solution of the required consistency. The thickness of the bonding layer should be no more than 3 mm.

Note! Before applying glue to the blocks, they must be thoroughly cleaned and moistened with water to ensure good adhesion.

Wall laying is carried out in the warm season. For construction in cold weather, it is necessary to use winter glue. Glue is applied to the blocks with a notched trowel in a width equal to the width of the surface of the gas silicate block. The layer must be uniform on both the vertical and horizontal side of the block. After applying the adhesive layer, the surface of the block should be furrow-like. It is not necessary to fill the gaps between the gripping pockets and between the tongue and groove with mortar.

The second row of blocks must be laid with an offset of half to get a dressing between the rows. The laying of all rows begins with a corner block. The position of each block must be controlled by a level and adjusted with a hammer. All joints must be filled with adhesive to avoid shrinkage cracks. Excess glue is removed with a trowel.

If you are using for self construction tongue-and-groove blocks, you will not need to perform vertical reinforcement. For horizontal reinforcement, longitudinal strobes are made on the surface of the gas silicate blocks of the laid row along the perimeter and fiberglass rods or simply masonry mesh are laid in them.

Note! At the top of the door and window openings first, metal corners are laid with a length exceeding the width of the opening by at least 40 cm, and then the laying of blocks continues.

Floor installation

After the laying of the walls is almost completed and only the last row remains to be done, it is necessary to arrange a monolithic reinforced concrete belt instead of blocks. This approach will help to evenly distribute the load from hollow-core or cellular concrete slabs to all bearing walls.

Gas silicate wall decoration

For exterior finish use special ventilated systems or materials characterized by high rates of vapor permeability. A gap is left between the facade brickwork and the gas silicate wall. Connect two masonry with flexible ties. If you prefer to use facade works paints, fillers or plaster mixtures, you must make sure that they are intended for work with gas silicate.

Interior decoration involves the use of breathable materials. Walls made of gas silicate blocks can be wallpapered or painted water-based paint. For a bathroom, bathroom, kitchen, you must first lay a vapor barrier or impregnate the walls with a special solution. When used for bathroom decoration ceramic tile no need for vapor barrier.

Note! It is possible to putty internal walls no earlier than two months after completion of construction.

Work on the facade of the building can begin only when all internal finishing processes are completed. The only exception is ventilated systems. They can be installed immediately after construction is completed.

Video

More information about the installation of gas silicate blocks can be found below:

What are gas silicate blocks
Are you building a house and do not know what material to build external walls or internal partitions from? Pay attention to gas silicate blocks, their features, characteristics, capabilities. All this and much more can be found in this article.

Laying of gas silicate blocks

Prices

The basic cost of laying gas silicate blocks is 1800 rubles per 1 cubic meter. meter. Call for exact rates.

The modern building materials market offers a wide range of products that allow you to build structures as reliably and efficiently as possible. Our company is a leader in this industry and offers services that include the erection of house walls at competitive prices. Our bricklayers have extensive experience, which allows us to carry out the installation of partitions in the Moscow region in a short time.

Masonry price for 1 gas silicate block

Block size (mm)	Volume of 1 gas silicate block (cubic meters)	Number of gas silicate blocks (pieces) in 1 cubic meter	Masonry price of 1 block
625x100x250	0,020	50	97
625 x 150 x 250	0,013	80	97
625 x 200 x 250	0,030	33,3	54
625 x 250 x 250	0,038	26,32	68
625 x 250 x 300	0,050	20	90
625 x 250 x 300	0,045	22,22	81
625 x 250 x 375	0,063	16	106
625 x 250 x 400	0,063	16	113
625x250x500	0,080	12,5	144
600 x 200 x 300	0,036	28	64
600 x 200 x 400	0,048	21	86

Laying services for gas silicate blocks

All works are performed qualitatively and highly professionally. If you are planning to build a house in the suburbs, then we can offer you favorable terms of cooperation.

The laying of gas silicate blocks during the construction of a house is best option in a region such as the Moscow region. The properties of such blocks are at the highest level. Their use will significantly reduce your construction costs and ensure reliability.

Technology of laying gas silicate blocks

Gas silicate blocks are used in the construction of both load-bearing walls and internal partitions.

Block laying tools

The solution is usually prepared in a plastic bucket using a stirrer on an electric drill. Apply the solution with trowels of different widths. The blocks are leveled in place with a mallet or rubber mallet. The position of the block is controlled by the building level. In case of non-multiplicity of the length of the wall and gas silicate blocks, the whole block is cut into pieces of the desired size. To do this, use a marking square, hacksaw, planer (or grater). For laying wires (or pipes), a tool for cutting grooves is needed, through holes (and blind ones) are made with drills or crowns. Dust and chips are removed with a soft brush.

For laying gas silicate blocks, an adhesive mixture or a cement-sand mixture is used (ratio 1: 3)

Laying of gas silicate blocks

Before the first layer it is necessary to make a waterproofing. To do this, a layer of roofing material is laid under the first row of blocks on a cement-sand mortar. The solution is also laid on the roofing material. The first row of blocks is placed on this layer.

Cement-sand mortar can also be used when laying blocks, but the seam should not be thicker than 1-2 cm, and if the weather is dry, then the surface of the block is moistened for better adhesion. But it is better to use an adhesive mixture, because. cement-sand seam gives a large loss of heat.

First row masonry

Laying the first row must be carried out with great attention, because. this row for the whole wall is a kind of foundation. Start laying from the corner, aligning the corner blocks along the guides relative to the corners.

After that, the blocks are stacked tightly to each other, continuing the horizontal row and taking into account the guides. For the evenness of the outer walls, stakes are hammered along their perimeter in increments of 1.5 - 2 m and a string is pulled over them. The guides control the correct laying of the blocks horizontally and on the bend. The internal partition starts from the side wall. Waterproofing is not done, but markings are made on the walls and floor using a tape measure and a level.

Having installed the corner block, apply glue to the side faces of the first (and second) block.

The laid block is checked by a level for correct installation, if necessary, it is leveled with a mallet or a rubber mallet. All irregularities are removed with a plane and a grater, and debris - dust and small fragments - is gently swept away with a soft brush.

Glue preparation

Good adhesive adhesion is ensured by a seam of minimum thickness - no more than 2-3 mm, which improves the thermal insulation of walls. The glue has high strength, and this makes it possible to use it both when laying foam concrete (aerated concrete), and when decorating walls with tiles.

Preparation of glue: Water is poured into a plastic bucket, a dry mixture is added and, at low speeds, is thoroughly stirred with an electric drill until smooth. Strictly observe the ratio of the dry mixture and water, because. This ratio is different for different manufacturers.

The quality of the glue is checked on a separate block - glue is applied to it with a notched trowel. If the mixture is easy to apply and the grooves do not merge, then this mixture is correct. The glue that has come out of the seams is removed with the flat side of the trowel, but not overwritten.

Laying subsequent rows of gas silicate blocks

The second row starts from the corner. If the corner block of the first row lies to the right with the long side, then the block of the second row with the long side should start the row to the left and vice versa. This alternation gives the strength of the structure. Glue is applied to the top surface of the first row, then the first block is placed, and glue is applied to the side surfaces of the first and second block.

As the wall grows, check the masonry with a plumb line or laser level. The technology of laying blocks is the same as for ordinary bricks, although the robot is much lighter due to the lower weight of the blocks.

When laying, a smaller block is often needed. Then the standard block is sawn with a saw. It is better to use an electric saw, because. it is easier to make saw cuts rounded, beveled and curved.

Soundproofing properties of walls. The type of masonry can change the heat and sound insulation. A 50 cm thick block wall provides the same insulation as a 1 m brick wall.

Despite the seeming simplicity of working with aerated concrete, laying walls from this material must be carried out in accordance with certain requirements, some of which are regulated by SNiP.

First of all, this refers to the solution used for this, it is not recommended to use ordinary cement, but exclusively factory-made glue or made according to a special recipe directly on the site.

According to the requirements of GOST construction of buildings is allowed with load-bearing walls made of aerated concrete, up to 20 m high, but exclusively from autoclaved material, characterized by
higher strength characteristics, in contrast to hydration.

But mostly aerated concrete construction rarely conducted over three floors, this material over the past decade has become a real hit with private developers, who, moreover, often work on their own.

Types of aerated concrete masonry

Can be built from aerated concrete both load-bearing walls and internal partitions. Bearing masonry can be either single-row or multi-row, and interior walls, with rare exceptions, are always made in one row.
Most often single-row masonry and bearing, and internal walls performed by the method of ordinal chain ligation. When performing dressing, you must adhere to the following rules:

• displacement of blocks of the next row should be at least 2/5 of the height of the block itself, provided that their height is up to 250 mm;
• if the blocks have a height of more than 250 mm, then the offset must be at least 1/5 of this value.

For double or multi-row masonry using a vertical ligation technique, the value of which is 1/5 of the width (thickness) of the wall.

But it can also be applied method of ligation of masonry with bond rows, for example, according to this scheme: two spoon rows are tied with one bonder, or three spoon rows - one bonder.

And if you plan to bandage the masonry in which they are used blocks with different widths, then the thickness of the masonry itself should be taken into account to determine the depth of the dressing - it should be 1/5 of this value.
Double masonry can and do not have a vertical bandage. But this option, as a rule, involves the device of internal thermal insulation between the rows.

The binding fixing elements of such masonry armature protrudes, which is made of metal rods, with anti-corrosion treatment, most often hot dip galvanized providing a reliable protective layer of at least 0.2 mm.

Can also be used stainless steels, but this leads to an increase in the cost of construction, or fiberglass, which have sufficient strength properties for operation under conditions of constant compressive-tensile loads of the material.

Masonry reinforcement

When building houses from aerated concrete, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the foundation, if possible, exclude the appearance of shrinkage processes that contribute to the cracking of blocks. But completely it is impossible to exclude shrinkage, especially if the construction is carried out on moving soils or the groundwater level is located close enough to the surface. Therefore, there is a need to reinforce the masonry, and under the interfloor ceilings are arranged monolithic reinforced concrete belts.

First row of masonry

Before laying the first row of masonry gas blocks, the following operations must be performed:

• arrange a reliable horizontal waterproofing, which is a separating element between the foundation and the wall;
• can be used as a waterproofing sheet materials - roofing material or other bituminous products, as well as various mastics, solutions;
• check the levels of all corners of the building, taking into account the fact that the maximum allowable height difference between them should be no more than the thickness of the seam, that is, 2-3 mm, otherwise, it is necessary to align the levels mechanically- cutting off the top layer of the foundation;
• the first block should be installed at the highest angle, and adjust the levels of the rest according to it using cement mortar, which experts recommend using for laying the first row;
• Next, tighten the orientation cords for each side of the building and along them, lay the entire row, and then moving them up, lay all subsequent rows, observing the dressing rules.

Building a box at home

• after laying the next row, its horizontal and vertical levels are checked;
• for checking the vertical level at the corners of masonry special plumb lines are installed;
• before starting the next row, the surface of the previous one is leveled horizontally, thoroughly cleaned of the remnants of glue and construction dust that have fallen on it, while it should be borne in mind that the glue should not be overwritten, but it is necessary to wait for it to set and remove it by cutting.

Tools and materials that you will definitely need when laying walls from aerated concrete blocks

Be sure to take care of the capacity in which the adhesive mortar for masonry will be prepared. The most convenient are small plastic containers, because due to the rather quick setting, the solution need to cook often enough but in small portions.
You will also need to have:

• drill with mixer nozzle, to stir the solution;
• notched trowel for leveling the adhesive on the surface of the block;
• mortar spatula or trowel;
• rubber hammer "mallet" to correct the location of the block;
• grater and/or planer for leveling the horizontal surface of the blocks;
• hacksaw for cutting blocks;
• level;
• cord for marking and exhibiting lighthouses;
• wall chaser;
• small broom or brush to clean the surface of the block from dust;
• bucket or other container for clean water, required to wet the aerated concrete if the air temperature exceeds 25°C or to remove dust from the surface.

From materials, in addition to the aerated concrete blocks themselves, you need to prepare the glue, components for the preparation of cement mortar for the first row, purchase fittings in sufficient quantities. You should also take care of foundation waterproofing materials. It is necessary to provide access to a source of clean water for the preparation of the adhesive composition and prepare materials for the manufacture of scaffolding or take care of their rental in advance.

Some nuances and rules for working with aerated concrete blocks

Work with aerated concrete blocks suggests following certain rules, which, in the end, greatly facilitate the work with this material. First of all, you need:

Video

Masonry cost calculation

So, how much does it cost to lay aerated concrete blocks? Of course, building from large-sized blocks is much faster, and the absence of the need to use specialized equipment allows you to reduce costs.

Before you start building a house, a full and detailed calculation of all expenses should be carried out, the lion's share of which is the cost of building material. Funds will also be required for the purchase of glue, fittings, tools, etc. But before that, you should take care of the device of a reliable foundation and its waterproofing.

Next, the expenditure part is replenished: transportation of blocks, their loading / unloading. To carry out the laying of the box itself at home, you can attract professional specialists or if you have at least minimal building experience and the necessary tools, take a chance and do it yourself. In the first case, you need take into account labor costs, which are calculated based on the cubic volume of construction, the average cost of 1 m³ of masonry is from 1200 to 2500 rubles.

It is sometimes possible to optimize costs, in case if the purchase of blocks is carried out in the company providing free transportation to the construction site, and sometimes unloading. In some cases, it is possible to agree with the workers themselves for a small surcharge to include the unloading of gas blocks in the list of their work.

Significant savings can be if you build with your own hands, but in this case you need to be completely confident in your abilities, otherwise the illusory benefit will turn into quite tangible additional costs.

After it will complete cost estimate for the construction of an aerated concrete box, from 15 to 25% of this amount should be provided for unforeseen expenses. And then you can safely start building.

Gas silicate blocks are a modern building material, gradually replacing expensive piece bricks. The fact that the house turns out to be almost half the price makes developers think, especially when it comes to building a private house. At the same time, the laying of gas silicate blocks is not difficult, but some technological nuances are required, and this will help step-by-step instruction, videos from professionals and the correct calculation of materials. The rest is in the hands of the user who decides to build his own house without any special financial and labor costs.

Gas silicate blocks: a little about the material

A piece building product is a durable porous cube-shaped material, shown for arranging external load-bearing and internal wall panels, partitions. With a big list positive qualities, bars provide fast and high-quality masonry. The advantages of the material include:

• Accuracy of shapes and sizes;
• High rates of energy saving;
• Light weight.

Important! Masonry of gas silicate blocks is a monolithic wall panel that requires mandatory finishing.

The convenience of working with the material lies in the ease of processing: the blocks can be sawn to create a curvilinear configuration. At the same time, the product does not lose its strength and quality characteristics. But before starting construction, you should understand the technological nuances of laying gas silicate blocks. The price of the bars is low, but with the slightest violation of the specifics of building a house, you will have to buy more material and then you can forget about savings.

Laying methods

The following options for laying gas silicate blocks with your own hands differ:

• For cement mortar;
• Installation of blocks on glue.

The second option is also called the "dry" method. And the secret lies in the reduced thickness of the seam: when fastened with a cement mortar, the width of the interblock seam is 6-10 mm, on an adhesive basis this figure is halved, which means that the wall panel acquires increased strength, solidity and quality. Moreover, laying walls from gas silicate blocks with glue, according to professionals, is a good way to save money - the consumption of adhesive composition per 1 m3 of masonry is much less than the consumption of a mortar from a mixture of cement, sand and water (at least 5 times). Despite the fact that the glue is more expensive, the preliminary calculation and the benefits of reducing the seams recommend choosing the glue option.

Features of laying technology

To make work with my own hands, you will need a tool for laying and performing the following operations:

• Solution preparation (container, electric drill with nozzles);
• Application of the composition (trowel, trowel with teeth);
• Alignment of blocks (plummet, level, wooden hammer);
• Surface treatment of blocks (marking square, saw, equipment for cutting construction grooves, grater);
• Garbage collection (broom, brush).

A wall chaser is also useful to strengthen the block rows. Glue is prepared strictly according to the instructions. As a rule, the mixture includes components of fractionated sand, additives chemical composition, Portland cement. Often, manufacturers enrich the compositions with elements that retain thermal insulation qualities, giving greater strength to the seam, which minimizes the risk of cracking.

Important! You need to prepare the glue before laying the gas silicate blocks. Water is first poured into the container, and only then dry powder is poured. Kneading is done until the consistency resembles a paste. The aging of the mixture takes 5-7 minutes, but all properties are stored for no more than 1.5 hours.

A few tips from the pros:

1. It is better to choose the mixture of glue with which you or your friends have already worked.
2. The high price of the composition implies the ability to apply a thin layer, so glue for laying silicate blocks is not always an alternative to cement. You get down to business for the first time, you understand that the thinness of the layer will not work, choose the laying of bars on the cement mortar.
3. Before work, you need to check the quality of the prepared mixture on one block: apply the composition to the side plane with a toothed trowel, and if the glue is well distributed between the teeth, the grooves do not merge into a single whole, the mixture is completely ready for work.

Block masonry

The technology of building a house implies the presence of a finished foundation with the highest possible leveled surface. Waterproofing from bituminous sheets or polymers is applied to the supporting base, and laying can begin.

Important! The first block lies on the highest corner of the foundation, which is determined by the level.

The first row of masonry is considered the most responsible, and professionals advise laying blocks on a cement mortar, simultaneously leveling the surface of the foundation. Given the high hygroscopicity of gas silicate blocks, it is necessary to pre-moisten the lower plane of the element so that moisture from the mixture does not soak into the sole of the block too quickly, weakening the adhesion of the piece building material to the base.

All subsequent rows must be laid out in continuation of the horizontal row, but the guides for external wall panels are mounted around the perimeter. To do this, you can use pegs and twine. It is worth remembering to align the elements with a wooden hammer, but not by eye, but only by the level that is included in the listed masonry tool.

Important! The adhesive composition protruding from the seams must not be overwritten, but removed! It is best to use a trowel.

After laying out the row, it is necessary to level the surface, for which a planer is used, and dust and debris are swept away and removed.

Advice from the masters: laying blocks on a cement mortar with a density of 2000 kg / cm2 increases the risk of cold bridges. Therefore, double laying is recommended, which reduces the possibility of formation of cold spots and ensures a comfortable temperature in the building.

Reinforcement of masonry from gas silicate blocks

After laying every fourth row, the wall must be reinforced. Reinforcement of masonry occurs as follows:

1. To drill the entire row with a wall chaser enough depth;
2. Remove dust from the strobe;
3. Moisten the hole with water, fill halfway with glue and lay a metal rod with a diameter of 8 mm;
4. Fill the strobe with a solution;
5. Remove excess adhesive with a trowel.

Advice! With a cube thickness of 400 mm or more, a double reinforcing frame is required. The corners of the strobe must be rounded off. In the absence of rods, a reinforcing mesh is used, which is mounted to the blocks with dowels with plastic tips or special fasteners.

Calculation of the amount of material needed

The size range of blocks differs in their parameters, so the miscalculation of the purchase volume can cause some difficulties. To know how to make calculations correctly, you need the parameters of one block: width * height * length and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe element is obtained in cm3. Now you need to divide the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe wall by the area of ​​\u200b\u200b1 element and get the amount of material. In this case, door and window openings should be taken into account, as well as separately counting goods for external and internal wall panels, since the structures have different widths.

And in order to understand how many blocks are in 1 m3, the volume of one element (X) is measured and the calculation is made using the formula 1 / x. The final figure will show how many gas silicate blocks are required for 1 m3 of a wall structure.

Advice! Calculations for wall panels for internal and external purposes are made separately and without fail: the number of elements for arranging internal partitions may differ from the figure determined for external walls due to the difference in the parameters of the cube. The formula for calculating is the same: 1 / x (the volume of one block for interior masonry).

Knowing how to correctly calculate the volume and amount of material, how to lay gas silicate blocks and what is better to use for building a house with your own hands, you can do all the work well and without involving a construction team. The main advantage of the material is ease of installation and ease of use. The glue mixing guide will help you cope with the preparation of the composition, the consumption rate of which is indicated on the package. When choosing masonry material, give preference to a stable and reliable supplier, in this case, efforts to build your own home will please the result.

Used in construction various materials, but special cellular concretes are especially popular. The laying of gas silicate blocks does not take much time, the design is of high quality, excellent thermal insulation characteristics.

What is a gas block made of? It is made from:

• quartz sand;
• Portland cement;
• lime;
• pure water.

Blocks are produced by the factory method, the solution is mixed in special mixers. To obtain a homogeneous mass, a special aluminum powder is added, after which stirring continues. Ready solution poured into molds, it must lie for a couple of hours while the reaction between the lime and the added powder occurs. Such a process generates the formation of cells filled with gas - this is how aerated concrete is created. After hardening, the blocks are cut with strings, placed in an autoclave with a pressure of 10-12 bar and a temperature of 190 ° C. Thus, the required density of the material is achieved.

The laying of walls from gas silicate blocks can be performed by one of the following methods:

1. Installation using special glue. This option is more preferable, since the glue has a better quality. The thickness of the seam is less, usually it reaches 1 cm, cold bridges are not formed during the operation of the house. Material consumption is minimal, the work is carried out quickly and easily. The adhesive is delivered dry, it only needs to be diluted with water before laying. It is not necessary to knead a large amount of the mixture, it is best to prepare small portions. Glue is inexpensive, so the cost of masonry is acceptable.
2. Aerated concrete laying can be carried out using a conventional cement-sand mortar. The thickness of the seam in this case is 1-2 cm, the consumption of material increases. The mortar consists of cement and sand, mixed with water. Attention must be paid to the proportions of the components, otherwise the mixture will not provide the required quality. Cement-sand mortar is lower in quality than special glue. During the operation of the house, the seams form cold bridges, therefore, more thorough wall insulation is required. Savings on mortar does not lead to a reduction in the cost of the entire construction, since thermal insulation costs are required.

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Block laying technology

Gas silicate blocks are a multifunctional, high-quality material, while laying such a material is simple, it is easy to do it yourself. Blocks are used for the construction of external, internal walls, partitions.

To use gas silicate blocks for masonry, you need to prepare:

• container for mixing the solution;
• electric drill and nozzle;
• trowels for applying mortar to blocks;
• building level;
• rubber or wooden mallet;
• gas silicate blocks of the required size and shape;
• marking square;
• planer, saw, grater, tool for cutting grooves;
• drill;
• brushes with soft bristles.

For the laying itself, the following mixtures are used:

1. Special adhesive mixtures that are supplied dry. When cooked, they are diluted with water.
2. Cement-sand mixtures are also often purchased. When using the composition, it must be remembered that the thickness of the seam will be large. There is a possibility of the formation of cold bridges, so additional insulation is required.

Gas silicate blocks are laid with preliminary waterproofing. For this, roofing material is used, it is attached to a cement-sand mortar. The composition is applied under the roofing material layer and on it. For a mixture based on cement and sand, the proportion is provided:

• 1 part cement;
• 3 parts of sifted purified sand (without clay inclusions).

A special adhesive is used for this, which has excellent adhesion, thermal insulation properties. The thickness of the applied seam is 1-2 cm, it can not be done more. It is best to use such a mixture only for the initial row, then use special glue. The difference in price is insignificant, but the quality of the glue is many times better. The adhesive composition provides excellent thermal insulation. The thickness of the seam will be minimal, this allows you to reduce costs, make the work faster and better.

To mix the solution, you need to prepare:

• a container for the solution (usually a plastic bucket is used from under building mixtures, pre-washed and dried);
• electric drill with a nozzle;
• dry adhesive mixture;
• pure water.

Manufacturers indicate the proportions for mixing on the packaging, they must be observed exactly, since the quality of the glue depends on it. During mixing, the drill is turned on only at low speed until a homogeneous, perfectly mixed mass is obtained. To make the walls durable, it is best to choose only high-quality mixtures. Today there are many adhesives on the market, but preference should be given to proven ones, and not to the cheapest ones. In this case, savings can lead to the destruction of the structure.

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Aerated concrete masonry

During laying, attention should be paid to the first row, since the strength and quality of the entire wall will depend on it. All necessary measurements are preliminarily carried out, which must fully comply with the project. It is important to pay attention to the corners of the building; to check the verticality, the building level is necessarily used. All blocks are stacked tightly, masonry guides are pre-mounted. To do this, pegs are first driven in along the perimeter of the wall, their step is 1-2 m, a twine will be stretched over them. Guides allow you to control the evenness of the masonry. For internal partitions, markings are also used.

The corner face is mounted first, after which the remaining gas silicate blocks are installed. All angles after installation are carefully checked, the same applies to the verticality of the first row. Glue is applied not only to horizontal, but also to vertical faces. Each block is carefully selected with a rubber or wooden mallet so that it can take the desired position.

The subsequent rows are laid with the application of an adhesive solution on the horizontal edges of the blocks. Laying should begin with corner elements, after which blocks of walls and partitions are mounted. The direction of the masonry must be alternating, i.e. one side is laid to the left, and the other to the right. This allows you to ensure the strength of the wall, its high quality, resistance to stress. During work, it is necessary to regularly check the horizontal and vertical masonry with a building level.

During the installation of walls made of gas silicate blocks, do not forget about window and door openings. For this, special guides are used, which fit into pre-cut grooves. After the walls are ready, it is necessary to carry out work on heat and sound insulation. It all depends on what exactly the requirements are for the structure.

The gas silicate block has an insulation that is much better than the insulation of ordinary bricks.

For example, the thickness of a block wall of half a meter is equal to the insulation brick wall with a thickness of 1 m. Therefore, before choosing materials for insulation, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the walls of the house:

1. For internal partitions in one layer: with a block density of 500 kg / m³, the thickness is 30 cm.
2. For double-layer walls and partitions with a block density of 500 kg / m³, a thickness of 10 cm is used, and an air gap size of 4 cm.
3. For two-layer walls and partitions with a block density of 700 kg / m³, a thickness of 10 cm is used, and the size of the air gap is up to 4 cm.
4. For interior partitions in one layer, the wall thickness is 25 cm with a block density of 500-700 kg / m³.

Insulation is selected based on the specified parameters. Usually, plaster is used for external insulation, mineral wool or foam boards.

Gas silicate blocks are a high-quality building material that is great for the construction of various buildings. Today it is often used for residential buildings, while the construction process is not difficult. It is easy to build such a house with your own hands, observing all stages of work.