Proper preparation for the exam in computer science from scratch. A collection of ideal social studies essays Preparing for the exam programming

In the USE exam paper, several tasks require knowledge of a programming language. Tasks 8, 11, 19, 20, 21, 24 require you to understand and analyze the text of the program, task 25 requires you to write a program fragment. In the formulation of the problem, the following languages ​​are provided to choose from: BASIC, Pascal, C, Algorithmic language, Python, Natural language.

The only problem that requires you to write a complete program yourself is problem 27. The problem statement requires you to write a program "in any programming language." So which programming language should you choose?

I will express my personal opinion on this subject, based on the experience of passing the exam by my students in a few recent years. In the 27th task of the exam, it is necessary to correctly compose an algorithm that can be implemented in almost any programming language. Those. in one language the program will be shorter, in another it will be longer, but so far there has never been a problem that could not be solved, for example, in BASIC. In addition, the choice of language does not affect the score. Therefore, if you are fluent in some exotic programming language, you have every right to write a program in it. However, one should take into account the fact that the program will be tested and evaluated.

The recommendations of the FIPI to the inspectors say: “If this programming language is not familiar enough to the expert, then he should use the available reference literature or seek help from a consultant or chairman (deputy chairman) of the subject committee, while observing the verification rules.” Those. in the case when the verifier encountered a language unknown to him, he must “while observing the rules of verification”, i.e. within the allotted time (and when checking the exam, they are very short), find someone who knows this programming language, and understand the text of your program. Obviously, the probability of underestimation is very high. In addition, it should be understood that schools use only licensed (officially purchased) software. If the compiler of the language you use is not purchased by the school, it will be impossible to check the performance of your program on a computer.

The practice of the last two years has shown that many inspectors do not know the Python language (it appears in the list of allowed languages ​​in the USE tasks for only the second year). Difficulties for verifiers are caused by checking the text of a program written in C#, Java. Not to mention rare specific languages. I do not recommend writing a program in a natural or algorithmic language, due to the lack of official rules describing the language. And to understand the text written in a language that is not used in practice is not very pleasant. I always strongly advise students to describe the algorithm of the program in natural language in order to make it easier for the verifier, but the program itself should be written in understandable language. convenient language programming.

For now, I recommend choosing Pascal, C, or BASIC. These are known, widespread languages. There is a development environment for them in almost any school. This means that the inspector will not have any questions when analyzing your program. The Pascal language has one more plus: the initially difficult 27th problem was solved precisely on it, which means that you can easily find examples, sample solutions and analyzes of all types of problems in the literature and on the Internet, which cannot be said about other languages.

For effective training in computer science for each task, a brief theoretical material is given to complete the task. More than 10 training tasks with analysis and answers were selected, developed on the basis of the demo version of previous years.

There are no changes in KIM USE 2020 in informatics and ICT.

The areas in which the knowledge test will be carried out:

• Programming;
• Algorithmization;
• ICT tools;
• Information activity;
• Information processes.

Necessary actions when preparing:

• Repetition of the theoretical course;
• Solution tests in informatics online;
• Knowledge of programming languages;
• Pull up mathematics and mathematical logic;
• Use a wider range of literature - the school curriculum for success in the exam is not enough.

Exam Structure

The duration of the exam is 3 hours 55 minutes (255 minutes), of which one and a half hours are recommended to be devoted to completing the tasks of the first part of the KIMs.

Tasks in tickets are divided into blocks:

• Part 1- 23 tasks with a short answer.
• Part 2- 4 tasks with a detailed answer.

Of the proposed 23 tasks of the first part examination work 12 refer to the basic level of knowledge testing, 10 - increased complexity, 1 - high level of complexity. Three tasks of the second part of a high level of complexity, one - an increased one.

When solving, it is obligatory to record a detailed answer (arbitrary form).
In some tasks, the text of the condition is submitted immediately in five programming languages ​​- for the convenience of students.

Points for tasks in computer science

1 point - for 1-23 tasks
2 points - 25.
3 points - 24, 26.
4 points - 27.
Total: 35 points.

To enter a technical university of an intermediate level, you must score at least 62 points. To enter the metropolitan university, the number of points must correspond to 85-95.

To successfully write an examination paper, you need a clear command of theory and constant practice in solving tasks.

Your formula for success

Work + work on mistakes + carefully read the question from beginning to end to avoid mistakes = maximum score on the exam in computer science.

WITH modern world technologies and realities of programming, development USE in Informatics has little in common. There are some basic points, but even if you understand tasks a little, this does not mean that you will eventually become a good developer. But there are a lot of areas where IT specialists are needed. You will not lose at all if you want to have a stable income above the average. In IT, you get it. Provided, of course, that you have the appropriate skills. And you can develop and grow here as much as you like, because the market is so huge that you can’t even imagine! And it is not limited only to our state. Work for any company from anywhere in the world! This is all very inspiring, so let the preparation for the exam in computer science be the first small step, after which years of self-development and improvement in this area will follow.

Structure

Part 1 contains 23 short answer tasks. This part contains tasks with a short answer, implying an independent formulation of a sequence of characters. Tasks check the material of all thematic blocks. 12 tasks belong to the basic level, 10 tasks to an increased level of complexity, 1 task to a high level of complexity.

Part 2 contains 4 tasks, the first of which advanced level difficulty, the remaining 3 tasks of a high level of complexity. The tasks of this part involve writing a detailed answer in an arbitrary form.

3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes) are allotted to complete the examination paper. It is recommended to take 1.5 hours (90 minutes) to complete the tasks of Part 1. The rest of the time is recommended to be devoted to the tasks of part 2.

Explanations for grading assignments

The performance of each task of part 1 is estimated at 1 point. The task of part 1 is considered completed if the examiner gave the answer corresponding to the code of the correct answer. Completion of the tasks of part 2 is estimated from 0 to 4 points. The answers to the tasks of part 2 are checked and evaluated by experts. The maximum number of points that can be obtained for completing the tasks of part 2 is 12.

USE courses in computer science organized by our training center- this is an indispensable help in mastering the gaps in the subject, useful both for future specialists and those who wish to master the knowledge of the real IT sphere. Classes in a modern computer class are held from scratch, at the end of which the students will be “armed” with the basics of the professions of the future.

Our USE courses in Informatics are:

• fundamental knowledge;
• the ability to model a variety of objects, systems and processes;
• ability to apply knowledge in practice;
• advice from experienced professionals training work StatGrad;
• preparation in computer science for the exam.

Our goals and objectives- is to provide quality education with subsequent high scores when passing exams. The main priorities in teaching grades 10-11, we consider:

• preparation for the successful passing of the exam in computer science for a high score;
• obtaining basic knowledge of programming in the most common algorithmic languages;
• generalize and systematize school knowledge in informatics, eliminating all "gaps" and shortcomings;
• consider algorithms for solving the most common problems, as well as problems of increased complexity in computer science;
• develop logical thinking skills to solve non-standard problems of the exam in computer science.

USE courses in informatics at the FIRST USE CENTER give students a unique opportunity to take interesting classes, during which it will be possible to:

• repeat all sections school course informatics and improve academic performance;
• analyze all types of USE tasks in computer science and learn how to find algorithms for solving them;
• get prepared for the exam in computer science;
• use the acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities and everyday life.

Benefits of learning

Getting prepared for exams in our center, students receive a large number of advantages:

• groups for teaching computer science at the FIRST USE CENTER are formed on the basis of an entrance test that determines the initial level of training of each student;
• after the introductory testing, students are divided into groups for training, depending on their initial level of training. The group size is no more than 8 people, which allows the teacher to apply both an individual and a group approach to learning;
• Informatics teachers of the FIRST USE CENTER are professional teachers who have been trained under the "Expert USE" program. Therefore, we do not just teach how to solve KIM USE tasks in computer science, we also explain the structure of tasks, teach how to properly allocate time on the exam, and also conduct psychological training before the exam test;
• the educational programs of our USE courses in computer science are the author's developments of the USE-CENTER methodologists and take into account not only all the requirements of the FIPI, but also the personal ability of each student to learn;
• during the training, students pass several control and rehearsal trial exams in informatics on the official forms of FIPI.

Comfortable conditions that are provided to all students of the FIRST USE CENTER, a friendly atmosphere and confidence in one hundred percent success in 2020 will help to cope with the upcoming exams. A lesson in informatics and ICT for grades 10 and 11 at our center is the future foundation of great opportunities.

Lada Esakova

When a student of grade 11 begins to prepare for the exam in computer science, as a rule, he prepares from scratch. This is one of the differences between the exam in computer science and exams in other subjects.

In mathematics, the knowledge of a high school student is definitely not zero. In Russian, even more so.

But in computer science, the situation is much more complicated. What is studied at school in the classroom has nothing to do with the preparation program for the exam in computer science.

What is the USE in Informatics?

Control USE test in computer science contains 27 tasks, which relate to a variety of topics. These are number systems, this is Boolean algebra, algorithmics, this is programming, modeling, elements of graph theory.

The USE in Informatics covers a very wide range of information. Of course, the exam will only need the basics, but these are the basics of important and modern topics.

Preparing for the Unified State Exam in computer science from scratch implies that the student did not study any of these topics at school. Usually it is!

For example, such a topic as Boolean algebra, or the algebra of logic, is included in the exam in computer science. But it is not studied in schools, even in specialized ones. She is neither in the course of school computer science, nor in the course of mathematics. The student has no idea!

And therefore, almost none of the students solves the famous problem on systems of logical equations. This task in the Unified State Examination in Informatics is number 23. Let's say more - teachers often recommend that high school students not try to solve this problem at all, and not even look at it, so as not to waste time.

Does this mean that task 23 from the Unified State Examination in Informatics is not solved at all? Of course not! Our students regularly solve it every year. In our course of preparation for the Unified State Examination in Informatics, from many topics, we take only what is required for the exam. And we pay maximum attention to these tasks.

Why does the school not prepare for the exam in computer science?

This is due to the fact that computer science is not a compulsory subject. The Ministry of Education does not provide any standards and programs. Therefore, teachers at computer science lessons give students completely different material- who can. Moreover, in some schools there are no computer science lessons at all.

What do high school students usually do in computer science classes? Do they play shooting games?

Fortunately, at school, in computer science lessons, schoolchildren are still engaged not in nonsense, but quite useful things. For example, they study Word and Escel. This will come in handy in life, but, unfortunately, for passing the exam- absolutely useless.

Moreover, the guys study Word at a serious level, and some even pass exams in computer layout and receive a certificate of a typesetter. Some schools teach 3D modeling. A lot of schools give web design. This is a wonderful topic, useful in the future, but it has absolutely nothing to do with the exam! And coming to our courses, the student really prepares for the exam in computer science from scratch.

A similar situation is with high school students of specialized lyceums. Strong profile lyceums honestly teach programming in computer science lessons. The guys come out of there as good programmers. But after all, in the USE in computer science, only 5 tasks are somehow related to programming, and of them exactly one task in the USE version is devoted to writing a program! The result is a maximum of 6 tasks for the exam in computer science.

How much time does it take to prepare for the exam in computer science from scratch?

There is good news! You can prepare for the exam in computer science from scratch in one year. It's not easy, but it's possible, and our students prove it every year. The course of preparation for the exam in computer science is not very big. You can take courses once a week for 2 hours. Of course, you need to actively do your homework.

But there is one amendment. If a student has never done programming before grade 11, it is hardly possible to fully master programming in a year. Therefore, problem No. 27 will remain unsolved version of the exam in informatics. She is the most difficult.

It is especially difficult to prepare for the exam in computer science from scratch for those students who have never been familiar with programming at all and do not know what it is. This area is quite specific, so programming training needs to be given a lot of time and solve a huge number of tasks.

In our courses, we make sure to analyze all the typical programming tasks. And not once during the exam did the programming problem come as a surprise to our students - they were all sorted out during the courses. And only task 27 is left out for those who did not do programming at all until the 11th grade.

Coming to our computer science courses, students and parents are sometimes surprised not to see computers in the classroom. They think that since they came to prepare for the exam in computer science, then there should be computers on the tables. But they are not! To what extent is it necessary to have laptops and computers when preparing for the exam in computer science?

This is a feature of the exam in computer science. There will be no computer for the exam! And yes, it will be necessary to solve tasks with a pen on a sheet of paper, because it is in this format that the Unified State Examination in Informatics is now taking place. This is a real problem for those who rent it.

Even high school students from specialized lyceums, who are good at programming, may be helpless at the exam in computer science. They, of course, program on computers, that is, in a special environment. But what happens when there is no computer? And not only schoolchildren - even professional programmers can write a program on paper with great difficulty. Therefore, we are preparing for such a complex format right away. We deliberately do not use computers and laptops when preparing for the Unified State Exam in computer science - according to the rule "It is hard in learning, easy in battle."

For several years now, there have been rumors that the Unified State Exam in computer science will be transferred to a computer form. They promised to do it in 2017, but they didn't. Will they do it in 2018? We don't know yet. If such an exam format is introduced, it will be much easier to prepare for the exam in computer science from scratch.

So, a year of active preparation for the exam in computer science from scratch, and your result is 26 tasks out of 27 possible. And if you are at least a little familiar with programming, then all 27 out of 27. We wish you to achieve such a result in the exam!

And once again I recommend for the preparation of theoretical material and my book "Computer science. Author's course of preparation for the exam " where the practice of problem solving is given.

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