How to spray strawberries from pests. Strawberries: diseases and pests. Garden processing in spring. To get rid of gray mold

To obtain a bountiful harvest of strawberries, it is necessary to carry out preventive work in time to prevent the appearance of diseases and pests. This berry is especially vulnerable during flowering. That is why special attention should be paid to this plant during this period and everything should be done in time. necessary actions at the slightest sign of disease or pest.

Peculiarities

Usually summer residents spray strawberries and fight pests before and after flowering. This is done in order to preserve the flowers, which need careful handling, and also in order not to frighten off insects that are actively pollinating the berry at this time. But only experienced summer residents understand that the flowering period is the most important and most sensitive for this plant.

At this time, strawberries are most often exposed to the following pests.

• Strawberry tick. From early spring, it begins to lay eggs under plant cuttings, feeding on cell sap. Due to a lack of nutrients, the plant begins to gradually fade - the leaves become wrinkled, their surface is covered with a wet, unpleasant coating. The pest is dangerous for the berry in that the future harvest may be rare and very small.

• Spider mite. The pest actively entangles the leaves and stems of the plant with cobwebs, due to which they gradually dry out and become yellow or gray. The berry can die, depriving the owner of the crop.

• Strawberry nematode. Small worms begin to feed on the juice of the plant, because of which the strawberries begin to slowly die, losing their vitality. The leaves curl around the edges, and the stems and cuttings become weak, dry and brittle.

• Aphid. Sticks tightly to the cuttings of the plant, eating and multiplying on it. The crop becomes small and deformed.

It is also often necessary to process strawberries during flowering from the following diseases.

• Phytophthora wilt. Gray spots appear on the edges of the leaves, and the cuttings become brown. Infected areas gradually increase, are transferred to the surrounding leaves and other plants. A neglected disease consumes and kills the plant.
• Brown leaf spot. The disease affects the leaves from the edge, gradually dispersing throughout the leaf. First, the affected area acquires Brown color, then becomes dry and dies.
• Powdery mildew. The disease very quickly affects the culture. Its first signs of infection are curling of the leaves and a purple or white bloom on them. Pollination of such plants is difficult, because of which the berries become ugly, and also acquire an unappetizing smell.

In order to prevent the development of diseases and the reproduction of pests in time, it is necessary to regularly carefully examine the culture for damage. And only as a last resort to begin active measures to prevent them during the flowering period of the berry.

Preparations and methods of processing

Strawberries need careful care and timely prevention. If this is not done, it becomes the most vulnerable to the negative impact of the environment on it.

To stop the development of the disease or pests, you can use the following methods.

• Boric acid. Suitable for combating common strawberry ailments, and is also often used as an additional feeding method. The bush and the area next to it are treated with a weak solution several times a week until the problem is resolved. Suitable for the initial stage of the development of diseases and the spread of unfriendly insects.
• "Karbofos" and "Ovary". The preparations gently affect the plant system and help to cope with pests. They differ in that they can be used during the pollination period, make the culture resistant to re-infection, and also strengthen its ovaries.
• "Acrofit". A popular, and most importantly, a pesticide that is safe for flowering berries, which quickly infects insects, while accelerating crop growth.

In advanced cases, when care is useless, it is recommended to dig up a bush along with the root system and neighboring affected crops, removing the plant from the site or burning it. Thus, it is possible to stop the development of the disease and its spread.

It is important to process strawberries during flowering very carefully, even using those preparations that gently affect the plant, so as not to spoil the flowers and not lose the future berry crop. Applying folk remedies, you must be sure that this method will not damage the emerging berry.

The technology for processing strawberries during flowering is waiting for you in the video below.

Caring for strawberries during flowering and fruit ripening is one of the most important activities in May and June. Berry lovers are well aware that the health and productivity of strawberries depends on the correct implementation of all procedures. We offer you to learn how to care for strawberries during flowering, fruiting, in order to collect a large crop of large and sweet berries.

Caring for strawberries during flowering and fruit ripening is one of the most important activities in May and June

Care for strawberries during flowering I

Strawberries love care and not only the quantity of the crop, but also the taste of the berries depends on its quality. During the budding period, the plant especially needs top dressing, watering, protection from pests and diseases. Bloom early varieties strawberries fall in May. Medium and late varieties bloom in early June. During this period, the gardener is expected to perform the following strawberry care activities, namely:

1. loosening. Strawberries bloom and bear fruit well if its roots receive enough oxygen and solar heat. Regular loosening of the soil helps to remove weeds from the garden in a timely manner and prevents the formation of a dense crust around the bushes. After watering loosen the ground the next day. Through well loosened soil, the roots receive more nutrients and moisture.
2. Watering. According to gardeners, improper watering is a common cause of the development of fungal diseases and the formation of small berries. During the flowering of strawberries, watering is carried out in the morning by the drip method, and not by irrigating the bushes. It is strictly forbidden to use cool water, otherwise the fungi attack the plantings. If it rains during flowering, do not water or reduce it. It is enough to water strawberries under the root 1 time in 4-5 days, then the earth is mulched with straw.
3. top dressing. During flowering, a single application of fertilizers is sufficient. The introduction of complex mineral and organic fertilizers. in the ashes fruit trees contains a large number of trace elements. Ash enough to sprinkle the ground around each bush. An infusion of fermented chicken manure or mullein will provide strawberry bushes with organic matter. As a foliar top dressing, it is recommended to use irrigation of bushes with boric acid. Boron strengthens the plant, increases.
4. Removing whiskers and leaves. Excess mustache, dry or wilted leaves create a shadow, take moisture from the plant. Strawberries during the flowering period need juice with nutrients for full fruiting. Gardeners recommend removing mustaches and dry leaves using a pruner. You can improve the quality of the crop if, immediately after flowering, the mustache is completely or partially removed.
5. artificial pollination. In cold and rainy summers, strawberry flowers may not be pollinated enough, as the bees, for natural reasons, do not do their job in bad weather. With poor-quality pollination of flowers, the berries are formed deformed and small. To pollinate strawberries, you can use a soft brush or ear stick, which is gently passed over the flowers in the heat of the day.
6. Pruning peduncles. The first flower stalks are usually smaller than the next ones. To make the berries larger, it is worth trimming small flower stalks.
7. Preventive treatment- an extreme measure, which is resorted to only in case of urgent need. Gardeners are advised to spray the bushes before or after flowering. But if it arose, the use of the Aktofit preparation, which does not harm the bees, will help solve the problem. If signs of damage appear on strawberry leaves or peduncles, it is recommended to spray the bush with Fitosporin solution.

Caring for strawberries during fruiting I

Strawberries love care and not only the quantity of the crop, but also the taste of the berries depends on its quality.

During fruiting, the strawberry bush needs especially careful care. What agrotechnical measures should be carried out in order to harvest a good harvest of berries? We encourage you to take advice experienced summer residents, namely:

• the number of waterings during fruiting is reduced. It is enough to moisten the soil under the bush 1 time in 3-5 days (depending on weather conditions). It is strictly forbidden to irrigate strawberries by spraying. It is worth giving preference to drip irrigation. After moistening, the ground around the bush is mulched with hay and straw so that the ripening berries remain clean;
• for mineral substances, 1 handful of wood ash is poured under each bush;
• fermented mullein infusion in a ratio of 1:15 is poured under a bush of 1 liter;
• fermented infusion of chicken manure in a ratio of 1:30 is poured under the root of 1 liter;
• aisles are recommended to be fertilized with manure.

Care for strawberries during flowering, video

Caring for strawberries during fruiting O

Organize proper care for strawberries during flowering and fruiting is a challenge for gardeners who want to get a generous harvest of berries. According to summer residents, carrying out all activities for the care of strawberry plantations does not take much time. It is only important to perform all the procedures regularly, then the bushes will grow strong, and the berries will be fragrant and sweet.

Strawberries are one of the most popular varieties. berry crops at gardeners. In general, it is not so demanding to care for, but top dressing of strawberries during flowering and fruiting is necessary to keep the plants in good condition.

Strawberries are not only the most delicious, but also very healthy. They contain a lot of iron, potassium, calcium, so the berries will also serve as a delicious medicine for anemia. The use of strawberries is indicated for diseases of the heart and blood vessels, gout. The berries are rich in vitamin C, in the berries of some varieties its amount reaches 80 mg, and in order to replenish daily requirement, you need to eat 100-150 berries.

Strawberries are also high in vitamin B6, also known as folic acid. During the fruiting season, with the active consumption of strawberries, blood is renewed and the lack of vitamin B6 is replenished.

Strawberries are an excellent raw material for making jam, jam, syrup, jelly. If you process the berries using the quick freezing method, they will remain fresh for the whole year. But the use of berries for food is not the only way to use strawberries. Almost all parts of the plant are used in preparations for the treatment of various diseases.

Strawberry fruits and juice from them will help to cope with colds and increase immunity; have a diuretic effect. Strawberries are one of the most popular components of caring cosmetics. Face masks are made from the pulp of the berries.

IN folk medicine mainly strawberry leaves are used, from which decoctions are made. These folk remedies are effective against high blood pressure, with diseases of the kidneys and liver, atherosclerosis. Even the roots of strawberries will not be left idle - they can cure hemorrhoids or colitis.

General information about plant care

To know how to care for strawberries during fruiting and other periods of development, it is useful to read general information about the structure and characteristics of the plant.

Strawberries are perennial herbaceous plants, occupying an intermediate form between herbaceous and semi-shrub plants. The height of the plant is not more than 20 cm, the width is up to 40 cm.

The root system consists of one rhizome and many small roots. Their number varies depending on the age of the plant, most fibrous roots in 2-year-old and 3-year-old plants. In plants older than 2 years, the root system consists of 2 tiers: on top - branching of the stem (horns), from which adventitious roots extend, from below - roots diverging from the rhizome. At the same time, the lower tier dies off over time, and nutrition continues due to the upper adventitious roots.

The strawberry stem is shortened, as a rule, no more than 12 cm. Horns begin to form on the stem - short branches. In general, the growth of the horns and the growth of the bush itself runs from the center. The number of branches increases every year, reaching 40 pieces (in some varieties).

From the lateral buds on the stem, stolons, or stolons, are formed. They are cord-like shoots on which there are plant primordia: leaves and root primordia. When in contact with the soil, the plant grows, especially well - in rainy weather. After that, the sockets are disconnected from the mother bush, becoming an independent plant. Then they can be used as planting material.

The appearance of weasels can adversely affect the condition of the mother plant, since many useful substances are required to maintain the shoots. As a result, the number of colors becomes smaller.

Strawberries have trifoliate leaves, on a long petiole. The leaves that appeared in the spring die after harvesting, instead of them, “autumn” leaves appear.

About a month after the start of the growing season - in mid-spring - flowering begins. Depending on the variety, up to 25 flowers are formed. The duration of flowering varies depending on the weather, usually lasts up to 20 days, flowering is faster in the heat. One flower can bloom up to 6 days.

Features of strawberry growth

Another point that affects the care of strawberries during fruiting is the features of its development.

Active growth of strawberry bushes begins in early spring and stops only before the first berries ripen. At this time, leaves are actively growing (the number per bush can reach 40), roots, suction roots grow, flower stalks grow. The growth of strawberries during this period is largely due to those substances that accumulated during the last autumn and winter.

The growth of leaves takes place simultaneously with the formation of peduncles and flowers. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that there are not too many leaves: they can “suffocate” the growth of peduncles and flowers. This is facilitated by dry weather, established after the end of flowering, as well as the application of fertilizers based on nitrogen and excessive watering. Thus, contrary to popular belief among inexperienced gardeners, lush foliage does not give any guarantee of a plentiful result, and, rather, will hinder it.

The growth of strawberry leaves during fruiting slows down sharply, and in some varieties it stops altogether. This is due to the fact that during fruit ripening, most of the nutrients are consumed not on the leaves, but on the ripening of berries. Toward the end of fruiting, the leaves begin to dry, but after harvesting the berries, active growth begins again. This time for growth are used nutrients collected over the summer.

Watering strawberries during fruiting acquires special meaning. The plant really needs moisture, as it consumes a lot of water. After the end of this period, the re-growth of the leaves begins, the root branches, and the gouts quickly grow. This stage is very important, as it precedes the appearance of buds for the next harvest next year. For this reason, during such a period it is very important to support the plant: to improve growth, you need to loosen and fertilize the soil.

As the strawberry bush grows, there is a strong difference between the number of roots and leaves. The lower tier of roots begins to die off, which can greatly weaken the plant. For this reason, it is necessary good care for strawberries during fruiting and after it for plants older than 2 years. With normal care, strawberries bear fruit for about 5 years without major problems, while in the absence of such care, no more than 3 years.

Like other plants, strawberries need water. Despite this, the question often arises whether it is necessary to water strawberries during fruiting. On the one hand, abundant watering can provoke leaf growth, which will adversely affect the crop. On the other hand, the plant needs more water to ripen the fruit.

Strawberries are moisture-loving plants, so they should always be watered abundantly. But at the same time, excessive watering should not be allowed so that the water stagnates. It is more dangerous for plants from 2 years old due to the structure of their roots. At this time, the lower roots gradually begin to die off, and the roots extending from the horns are very small and short. Therefore, the plant is not able to take water from the depth of the soil, and the roots close to the surface can rot in stagnant water. Therefore, you need to water strawberries only as the soil begins to dry out.

The frequency of watering and the amount of water needed are largely determined by the type of soil. Plants planted in loamy soil require more frequent watering, while strawberries planted in black soil, you can water a little less often. For 1 sq. m requires 14-15 liters of water. During the fruiting period, strawberries need to be watered more often: 3 times a month (while in other periods, 1 time per month is enough).

An important point is the time of watering. It is undesirable to water during the day, as drops of water falling on the leaves can cause burns. The optimal watering time is in the morning. In this case, burns can be prevented, as well as stagnant water in the garden, and hence root rot.

Proper care of strawberries during fruiting is impossible without following the rules regarding water temperature. It is worth remembering that cold water I really don't like strawberries. In many areas, barrels are placed in which water for irrigation is heated during the day. But at night it usually cools down, and in the morning the water often does not have time to warm up.

Cold water can have a bad effect on the state of the strawberry root system - it begins to weaken. Therefore, it is recommended to heat the water at least a little.

To facilitate the care of strawberries during fruiting, it is recommended to mulch the soil - that is, cover it with bunches of straw or pine needles. This will reduce the evaporation of moisture during extreme heat and avoid the appearance of weeds.

Feeding plants in the first year of flowering

Another popular question: is it possible to feed strawberries during fruiting. It all depends on the period of fruiting. Usually the first harvest is good even without top dressing: the berries are large and bright. But then the size of the fruits decreases, they become no longer so beautiful. Therefore, if you want to get a good harvest, the berries should be fed.

Here it is only important to decide how to feed the strawberries during fruiting. Usually, different compositions are used for this purpose:

• Chicken litter. This fertilizer must be diluted in water in a ratio of 1:10 and left to infuse for 3 days. Then the plants are watered, trying to make sure that water does not fall on the leaves.

• Mullein is dry. For top dressing you will need 3 kg of mullein. It must be filled with water and insisted for several days. Fertilizer is recommended to be applied under the root, so as not to damage the leaves.
• When choosing how to feed strawberries during the fruiting period, you can stop at regular compost (4 kg). It also needs to be filled with water and gently applied under the root of the plants.

Whether it is worth refusing to feed strawberries during fruiting or not is up to the owner of the site, but if you need to get a good harvest with beautiful large berries, then it is really better to feed the plants. In this case, a number of rules must be observed.

If, in addition to the listed compositions, it is decided to use another top dressing, then it is better to choose organic. It will allow you to get not only good, but also completely “safe” berries, without any chemicals. As already mentioned, the solution must be poured under the root of the plants so that the fertilizer does not fall on the leaves - otherwise burns may occur. Finally, fertilizers are recommended to be applied only after good watering or after rain. Fertilization in moist soil contributes to better nutrition of the plant roots.

Having dealt with the question of how to feed strawberries during fruiting, it is important to choose the right dosage. The instructions for top dressing sold in the store always indicate the limit value that must not be exceeded. An overdose will only harm the plants. It manifests itself by changing the color of the leaves of the plant to dark brown, and when sprayed - by the appearance of brown spots.

Caring for strawberries during fruiting involves not only watering and fertilizing, but also protection from pests.

During all periods of vegetation, the appearance of pests or diseases of strawberries is possible. But the time of flowering and fruiting is considered the most "dangerous". If you do not try to fix the problem, then it will also capture neighboring bushes, and this year's strawberry crop will not please.

The most common pests for strawberries are:

• strawberry mite;
• strawberry nematode;
• spider mite;
• raspberry-strawberry weevil;
• ants, snails, centipedes;
• wireworms.

The greatest danger to strawberries is represented by strawberry mites that feed on young leaves. Leaf plates affected by strawberry mites change shape and acquire yellow. Strawberry pest control during fruiting can be carried out using chemical or folk remedies. A decoction of tops (1 kg per 10 l) or dandelion infusion (800 g per 10 l) is well suited.

Chemical agents are more effective in the fight against strawberry mites. It is recommended to use the drug karbofos. 3 art. l. Karbofos should be diluted in 3 liters of water (per 1 sq. M) and pour strawberries with this solution. Then close the bed with a film and leave for a while. Then the plants are mowed. It is possible to process strawberries with karbofos after the final harvest, in August. Then new leaves will have time to form, and the strawberries will safely survive the cold.

The spider mite entangles the plant, especially the lower part of the leaves, with cobwebs and draws juice from it. An infusion of wormwood or tobacco helps against this pest. There is another, radical way - processing strawberries with Fitoverm.

Against the raspberry-strawberry weevil, a decoction of hellebore helps (only after collecting the last berries, because the plant is poisonous) or a decoction of wormwood.

To prevent strawberry damage by slugs, you must first of all choose the right place - well lit and not thickened. To protect plants from slugs, you can mulch the soil. Places of accumulation of ants that infect strawberries can be poured with vinegar mixed with sunflower oil.

Strawberry nematodes are small worms (up to 1 mm long) that infect all above-ground parts of the plant. To prevent the appearance of nematodes, weeds should be regularly removed, and calendula should be planted next to the garden. Damaged plants must be burned, and the bed should be treated with bleach.

The post-harvest period is essential for the next harvest. At this time, the active growth of plants begins again, the roots grow. Therefore, care for strawberries after fruiting should be of no less quality than before flowering and fruiting.

After harvesting, you need to carefully weed the bed, remove weeds. The soil needs to be loosened, excess whiskers and yellowed or dried leaves should be removed. Each plant is recommended to be processed separately, then it will be possible to achieve an excellent harvest next year. Some gardeners prefer a more radical method of handling strawberries after fruiting: they simply mow all the leaves to renew the bushes.

After the end of fruiting, many deadheads appear with the beginnings of new strawberry bushes. New plants in the garden are needed, but the mustache can greatly weaken the mother plant, so the extra ones need to be removed. If planting new plants is necessary, then it is best done at the end of July, August or September. Then the young plants will have time to take root and be able to endure the winter.

After harvesting the last crop, you can add soil to the rhizome of the plant, since during fruiting they are very bare. You need to pour the earth very carefully so as not to fall asleep the heart. If the strawberry bushes are not spudded, then the next harvest will be smaller.

After the end of fruiting, strawberries also need to be fed. First of all, you need to purchase mineral fertilizers. Special fertilizers for berries are best suited. For each square meter you need about 40 g of fertilizer. In addition to them, you can use compost, ammophoska or humus.

Please note that the main enemy of strawberries is chlorine. Therefore, you should avoid drugs that include this component.

After harvesting, an important period begins - preparing the bushes for winter. You need to start it closer to the fall. At this time, you need to stop watering the strawberries, but all the weeds need to be weeded out. Pests also need to be eliminated. It is advisable to mulch the soil: straw will help protect the strawberries from the cold. Grass can be placed between rows of strawberries. It will give heat in the winter, and in the spring it will become an additional fertilizer.

Strawberries are unpretentious garden crops, but still require some care. First of all, it concerns protection against diseases and insects. The processing of strawberries in the spring from diseases and pests should not be skipped, since the health and productivity of plants will depend on this.

This article will describe the main diseases and crop pests, methods of dealing with them and effective preventive measures. You will also learn how to properly handle strawberries in the spring to prevent disease in young plants.

Strawberry diseases and the need for processing in the spring

Each disease develops in certain soil and climatic conditions, therefore, before planting, you need to take into account the likelihood of developing pathologies of this variety in your area.

Despite this, all diseases have characteristic symptoms and factors that provoke the development of certain pathologies. Let's consider them in more detail.

Causes

Most diseases develop due to fungal spores. The onset of warm weather and high humidity contribute to their spread throughout the site.

Note: Often the gardener himself is guilty of an infection in the beds if he buys seedlings of unknown origin in the market or from neighbors.

Also, the following reasons contribute to the development of ailments:

• dense plantings, including overgrowing of the site with weeds that impair the ventilation of the beds;
• non-observance of crop rotation rules, placement near crops prone to the same diseases;
• lack of care (trimming of mustaches and leaves, loosening);
• depleted soil with a lack of magnesium, potassium and other elements;
• rare top dressing, weakening the immunity of the bushes;
• excess moisture.

In addition, diseases can also appear if strawberries are planted in the wrong place, and the plants feel an acute shortage. sun rays. Also, infections and fungi are spread by pests, so these insects need to be destroyed in time.

Symptoms

The first sign indicating that the plant is sick is spots on the leaves. The color of the spots may suggest the cause of the disease. They can be red, brown, light or rusty. At the first appearance of such spots, the plant is subjected to immediate treatment (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Common strawberry diseases: rot, rust and powdery mildew

Symptoms of diseases are different, but you should always pay attention to the general condition of the bushes. If the strawberry begins to lean, the leaves dry quickly, turn brown, which means that the pathology is developing. If treatment is not applied as soon as possible, then in a few months the plant will die.

Often the treatment is carried out in isolation. For this, the diseased bush is dug up and placed in a separate container, where they are treated. In the worst case, the disease can migrate to neighboring bushes and it will be much more difficult to deal with it. With a strong defeat of the seedling, it is immediately removed from the garden and burned.

Note: If regular wilting of strawberries occurs from year to year, the type or quality of the soil may not be suitable for the selected varieties. In this case, you should choose the most disease-resistant varieties.

There are cases when it is impossible to determine the presence of a disease, and you can find out about it only when the first inflorescences are formed. They are deformed and stained. If the berries are formed under such conditions, then they are still green covered with brown spots, then they become stale and dry. Ripe fruits lose their sweetness, become tasteless and bitter.

Strawberry diseases and their treatment: video

The author of the video will tell you more about the processing of strawberries in the spring from diseases and pests, as well as about the main diseases of this crop.

Processing strawberries in the spring from diseases and pests

To get a good harvest, it is necessary to carry out spring processing of strawberries from diseases and pests, as well as a number of agrotechnical measures that will help keep the plants healthy and get a rich harvest.

There are several methods of prevention, as well as certain rules for processing plants.

Processing features

During spring processing of strawberry plantings experienced gardeners It is recommended to remove the top layer of soil. Thus, we can get rid of many pests. If this is not possible for you, then you need to loosen the soil well and remove the weeds. Sanitize plants, remove dry and damaged leaves. This should be done in dry sunny weather and very carefully so as not to damage the bush, since the plants are still weak after winter and not sufficiently rooted (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Treatment of strawberries against diseases and pests

After cleaning the beds, you need to start the preventive treatment of plantings from pests and diseases, especially fungal ones. It is good to spray the bushes with copper-containing preparations. This will reduce the likelihood of damage to plants by spotting, powdery mildew, verticillium. It must be remembered that the treatment should be carried out before the plant begins to bloom.

Note: During the flowering period, biological preparations can be used. With a strong infection of plantings, a week after harvesting, the bushes need to be mowed.

It is impossible to allow an excess of nitrogen, constantly carry out top dressing with both organic and mineral fertilizers. It is not recommended to use fresh manure, it can cause infections and pests.

Ways

With the onset of spring, it is necessary to process strawberries from diseases and pests. For this you can use chemicals or biologics. Many gardeners recommend processing strawberries and other crops. hot water. To do this, the water is heated to a temperature of + 60-65 degrees and the bushes are watered from above. The main thing is that the water does not cool down in advance, and the distance between the bush and the watering can is about a meter.

When the earth warms up well, the landings again need to be mulched. Pine or spruce needles, straw, or special material can be used as mulch. The mulch will act as an antiseptic.

Rules

Planting begins after the snow has completely melted. First of all, last year's layer of mulch and other debris are raked, then the top layer of soil is removed. Next, you need to feed the plants with organic or mineral fertilizers. After that, the plantings are dug deep and thinned out.

To reduce the likelihood of diseases and pests, they are guided by the following rules:

• The soil is treated before planting;
• Seedlings are purchased from trusted suppliers, better - in specialized nurseries;
• Timely carry out proper care, remove weeds;
• Every 3-4 years, transplant strawberries to a new place;
• Plant repellent plants, such as calendula or marigolds, next to strawberry plantings.

When processing bushes, special biological products and chemical solutions are used. All work is carried out in the morning or in the evening. It is impossible to carry out such events in the hot time of the day.

Treatment scheme for pests and diseases

There is no specific scheme for processing strawberries from diseases and pests. The main thing in the fight is to take preventive measures in time (Figure 3).

Figure 3. Scheme of spring processing of strawberries from diseases and pests

IN spring time you need to remove the top layer of soil between the bushes and replace it with fresh soil. If this fails, remove last year's mulch and loosen the soil well. Remove old leaves and mustaches, plant young rosettes in place of dead bushes. Apply fertilizer to the soil and treat for diseases and pests.

After the strawberries begin to grow, the bed needs to be mulched. Before flowering should be treated against pests and fungal diseases. When the first buds appear in the soil, it is necessary to apply phosphate fertilizers, and after flowering - complex mineral fertilizers.

Processing strawberries in the fall from pests and diseases

In autumn, the garden needs special care. And although the strawberry crop has already been harvested, it still needs pruning, feeding, watering, loosening and processing from diseases and pests.

From correctness autumn care will depend on how successfully the plants will endure the winter and whether they will be able to actively bear fruit next year.

Processing features

The fight against diseases and pests is the prevention of negative factors and preventive measures. Prevention can be folk methods and with the help of special preparations. But even supporters of folk remedies admit that it is better to fight ailments with modern drugs. They should be used in spring or autumn, when the plants do not bear fruit. For plants to have good view, autumn processing of strawberries should be carried out systematically.

Of the strawberry pests, the most common are: spider mites, strawberry weevil, snails, slugs, aphids. Of the diseases - gray, brown and white spotting, powdery mildew.

For processing strawberries in the fall, the following preparations are used: Nitrofen, Topaz, Actellik, Karbofos, Metaldegrid and others, as well as folk remedies for pest control. You can also use Bordeaux liquid, blue vitriol or manganese. Slugs and snails must be independently collected from the bushes and destroyed.

For prevention, it is necessary to constantly remove weeds, water and feed the plants, loosen the soil, cut dry and diseased leaves and shoots.

Ways

The best method of controlling diseases and pests is prevention. But, if this fails, then use different ways struggle.

by the most dangerous pest considered to be a strawberry mite. To combat it, spraying with karbofos is used. Carry out this procedure after the last harvest. This method can be used to control weevils, whiteflies and other pests. In the fight against weevil, crop rotation should be taken into account, as well as spraying plants during the period of active life with Nurell D, karate, and zolon preparations.

You can get rid of slugs by picking them up with your hands or using Metaldehyde granular. After fruiting, granules are laid out under each bush, which destroy slugs.

Among the diseases, gray rot is considered the most common. To combat the disease, plantings are treated with copper oxychloride before flowering, and after harvesting, a solution of copper oxychloride and liquid soap is used. You can not thicken the landing.

From brown spotting, liquid cute and copper oxychloride are used. Spraying is carried out in early spring and autumn. When the bushes are affected by powdery mildew, strawberries are treated with Sulfaride, potassium permanganate or colloidal sulfur before flowering.

Rules

When carrying out autumn processing of strawberries from diseases and pests, the following rules should be observed:

• When using special solutions, they should be diluted only according to the instructions;
• Processing of plants is carried out in the early morning or late evening;
• Spray the bushes after the last harvest;
• A plant infected with late blight in a neglected form is removed from the garden and burned.

In order to prevent the spread of diseases and pests, it is necessary to remove weeds in a timely manner, feed the plants and loosen the ground, as well as periodically inspect the plantings to detect the first signs of the disease.

The author of the video tells how to properly care for strawberries in different seasons.

Treatment of strawberry late blight

Late blight is considered one of the most common diseases. He strikes different types plants and can be transmitted from one culture to another.

This disease is dangerous because its pathogen can persist in the soil, therefore, when the first symptoms of the pathology are detected, treatment should be started immediately.

Causes

The appearance of late blight often manifests itself in the second half of summer. Rainy weather and high temperatures contribute to rapid spread.

The causative agents of the disease are fungi that are transmitted by zoospores. The infection scheme looks simple: the spores of the fungus fall on the aerial parts of neighboring plants or are washed into the ground by rain. Phytophthora affects both aboveground parts of plants (stems, leaves, fruits) and underground (tubers).

Very often, strawberry bushes become infected with late blight from tomatoes and potatoes planted nearby.

Symptoms

Signs of late blight are gray-brown spots, which are covered with a coating resembling a cobweb or surrounded by a ring of white mold (Figure 4). The leaves of the affected plant wither, brown spots appear on the petioles and peduncles, which soon rot, it noticeably lags behind in growth. Parts of the plants that are affected die off, sometimes the plants die.

Note: In infected plants, the number of rosettes decreases, the leaves on them are deformed, the whiskers become short. In autumn, you can see signs of late blight on the roots. Small roots all die off, thereby exposing larger ones, they soon begin to rot. The wood of the root is painted black-brown.

When the buds bloom, the core of the inflorescences looks dead. The pistils turn black, but the corolla remains white. This may resemble freezing in the spring, but with late blight, the shape of diseased flowers differs from healthy ones. In addition, berries are no longer formed from such flowers.

Figure 4. Symptoms of strawberry late blight

The disease brings great losses to ovaries and immature fruits. The berries are bent, lose their taste and become unsuitable for transportation and storage. brown spots on the pulp they become bitter and hard, soon the berries dry out and die. To distinguish a diseased berry from one that lacks water, you can simply cut it: if the core of the dark berry is affected.

Verticillium wilt of strawberries: treatment

Strawberries are affected by verticillium at any age. The most obvious symptoms during the fruiting period.

Consider the main causes that can cause the disease, as well as the symptoms of the disease, by which it can be determined that the shrub needs treatment.

Causes

Verticillium wilt of strawberries is caused by a fungus. The harmfulness of this disease is expressed in a rapid decrease in yield and the death of bushes. The affected plant dies in the second year.

Note: The disease most often manifests itself in beds where the predecessors were crops susceptible to the disease: potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants, cotton, raspberries, etc.

The disease affects plants of any age. The manifestation of the disease begins in late May - early June and continues to develop throughout the growing season. Plants are infected with verticillium through the root system. Once in the roots, the mycelium of the fungus penetrates the conducting system and multiplies. As it becomes infected inside, the root becomes brown and dies.

Symptoms

Symptoms of the disease vary depending on soil type, strawberry variety and other causes (Figure 5).

Drying begins with damage to the root neck, vascular system, rosette and root system. The infected plant lags behind in growth, then the leaves begin to lie down on the ground and turn red-yellow.

Figure 5. Signs of verticillium wilt of strawberries

In the chronic form, a gradual increase in symptoms occurs, which is expressed in a lag in the growth of leaves and a decrease in their number. By the end of the growing season, the petioles of the leaves become red and die imperceptibly. Some bushes manage to survive and give new growth in the spring. This is achieved by varieties that are resistant to fungi.

To avoid the occurrence of this disease, you need to observe crop rotation and choose resistant varieties bred by breeders.

Treatment of chlorosis in strawberries

Chlorosis is not a very serious disease, and if you notice the signs in time and take certain actions, you can save the plant. But in order to do this, you need to know the causes and signs of the disease.

Causes

The most common signs of chlorosis are (Figure 6):

• Infection: A plant can become ill with chlorosis due to infection by insects and pests from diseased plants, as well as from diseases accumulated over the years in the soil.
• Lack of trace elements and minerals in the diet: this is the most common cause of the disease. Plants need magnesium, zinc, iron, lime, etc., so they need to be fed regularly.
• Conditions for care and planting: the occurrence of chlorosis may be due to damage to the root system, poor-quality soil conditions, improper arrangement of beds, or improper care and watering.

To begin to properly treat plants, you need to determine the true cause of the disease.

Symptoms

Symptoms of the disease can be different, detailed information can be obtained by conducting special laboratory tests. But there are a number external signs, by which it is possible to determine which microelement the plant lacks.

Figure 6. Symptoms of strawberry chlorosis

The most common type is iron chlorosis. The leaf plate uniformly turns yellow or white, the veins remain green. Upper young leaves suffer first.

Magnesium chlorosis occurs due to a lack of magnesium. Often found in the lungs sandy soils. The edges of the old lower leaves begin to turn yellow first, and then the entire leaf.

In spring, zinc chlorosis is very common, especially on older leaves. The disease begins with an excess of nitrogen in the soil. Dots of red, orange or yellow appear on the leaf plates.

Nitrogen chlorosis is manifested by yellowing veins on the lower leaves. Soon, the parts of the leaf adjacent to the veins lose color, then the entire leaf. Sulfuric chlorosis first affects young leaves. First, the veins turn yellow, and then the entire leaf plate.

Strawberry brown spot: treatment during flowering

Brown spotting is a widespread fungal disease. Its development is affected by increased humidity associated with constant precipitation or excessive watering. Because of this, the disease can appear in spring, summer and autumn.

Causes

The cause of the disease is the mycelium of the fungus. The main feature of this pathogen is its two-season nature: in the first year, development occurs during fruiting and is stored for the winter. A year later, in late spring, when the fruits begin to form, a second infection occurs, which negatively affects the crop.

The development of the disease is provoked by the same factors as other fungal infections: excessive watering, dense plantings, constant dampness of the soil in the garden, temporary cooling and overgrowing of the site with weeds.

Symptoms

Obvious signs of the disease are burns on the leaves (Figure 7). These are contourless brown-brown spots of oval or round shape. At the initial stage, they resemble small opaces along the edges of the leaf, after a while the spots grow, and dark leathery mushroom pads appear on top. Mustaches and peduncles are also covered with brown spots.

Figure 7. Signs of brown spot on strawberry leaves

Soon the leaves dry up and die, and the spores of the fungus remain. At the first rainfall, the spores will disperse throughout the garden.

Protection of strawberries from pests and diseases

To protect the bushes and get good harvests an integrated system should be applied, which includes agrotechnical, chemical, biological and quarantine measures.

Agrotechnical ones imply compliance with crop rotation, fulfillment of requirements for the timing and methods of soil cultivation, planting, weed control, and fertilization.

The chemical method consists in the use of special means of protection against a group of pests and diseases. To do this, in early spring, you need to remove damaged and dry leaves. At the first sign powdery mildew, spots and gray rot, before the regrowth of the leaves of the planting, they are treated with a Bordeaux mixture. During the period of leaf regrowth, when signs of white and brown spotting appear, they are treated with Euparen. During the formation of buds, they are treated against moths, gall midges and other pests with Actellik. After harvesting, plantings are treated with Topaz, Euparen or Switch.

Everyone knows a red, sweet, juicy berry called a strawberry. To get a good full-fledged harvest, she needs to provide high-quality care not only during the active growing season, but also during flowering. strawberry care consists in proper irrigation, feeding, cleaning weeds, extra whiskers and loosening the soil around the bushes.

Did you know?The weight of the world's largest strawberry was 231 grams.

Features of feeding strawberries during flowering, how to fertilize a sweet berry

Many gardeners are of the opinion that strawberries do not need fertilizer during the budding period, but this is not so. Almost all of their vitality the bush spends on the formation of inflorescences and the ripening of berries. Below in the text, top dressing of strawberries during flowering will be considered, fertilizers are applied under only planted and already fruiting bushes. Strawberries need to be fed three times a year: at the beginning of the growing season of the bush, during flowering and at the end of fruiting. The most significant for strawberries is precisely the fertilizer of the bushes during flowering and the formation of berries. You can feed strawberries during flowering with what experienced gardeners recommend: complex mineral fertilizers. For the penetration of fertilizers into the soil and their absorption by strawberry roots, the soil around the bushes must be loosened.

Important! Mineral fertilizers during budding, strawberries are applied once.

Simple agrochemicals are not used during strawberry flowering. During the formation of the ovary, the bushes require potassium in large quantities. To meet the need for potassium, an infusion of chicken manure, mullein + ash or potassium nitrate is used. When the buds begin to appear, a teaspoon of saltpeter is diluted with ten liters of water and watered over each bush. The consumption rate under the bush is about 0.5 liters. When inflorescences appear, strawberries are poured with a solution of chicken manure or mullein with ash at the rate of a half-liter jar per ten liters of water.

foliar top dressing strawberries with boric acid during flowering contributes to the multiplication of inflorescences, which in turn affects the amount of the crop. For spraying bushes 1 g boric acid diluted with ten liters of water. Also, spraying is carried out with 0.02% zinc sulfate. Such spraying not only saturates the strawberries with microelements, but also contributes to the formation of the ovary and increase the yield by up to thirty percent.

Yeast fertilizer for strawberries became known not so long ago, but managed to earn popularity among gardeners. Plants are fed with yeast twice a season. One kilogram of yeast is dissolved in five liters of water and allowed to infuse for two hours. A half-liter jar is taken from this solution and diluted in ten liters of water. At least 0.5 l is poured under each bush finished fertilizer. The effect of using yeast on garden plot will pleasantly surprise you.

Based on the foregoing, everyone will choose for himself how it is better for him to feed strawberries during flowering. Most importantly, remember that bush fertilizer has big influence not only for the growth of bushes, but also for the timely ripening of berries.

Did you know? By picking a strawberry with a stalk, you extend the shelf life of the plucked berry.

Soil care during flowering and removal of unnecessary whiskers

When strawberries bloom (late April - early May), they require increased attention and care. Promotes good flowering timely removal of weeds and loosening of the soil around the bushes, which improves air exchange. In order for the flowering bushes to gain strength for fruiting, the whiskers and leaves of the strawberries must be trimmed in advance. Dried leaves are carefully removed with a pruner.
During flowering, all mustaches, without exception, are removed, as they take away moisture and nutrients from the plant. In addition to mustaches and dried leaves, the first strawberry inflorescences are also subject to removal. It is generally accepted that subsequent flower stalks are larger than the previous ones, and this affects the size of the berry. It is not necessary to remove flower stalks. During flowering, straw or sawdust must be poured under the bushes so that the berries are clean and do not rot from contact with wet soil.

How to water strawberries during flowering

Watering strawberries during flowering plays a big role. Due to the superficial root system, strawberries are not able to get moisture from the bowels of the earth, we, gardeners, should help her in this. To get juicy large berries, it is necessary to water the earth around the bush so that the water reaches the roots. You need to adhere to the golden mean in watering.

Both underfilling and overflowing of water negatively affect the berries and the root system. In the first case, the root will dry out, the berry will not pour, in the second case, both the root and the berry will begin to rot. How often to water strawberries during flowering also depends on precipitation. If the weather outside is rainy and the air humidity is high, watering is stopped. In dry, hot weather, abundant irrigation is carried out every three days so that the bushes do not fall apart and the berries pour evenly. Watering is carried out in the morning or in the evening, when the sun does not bake, the water should not be cold. Plants are watered with drip irrigation or under a bush. When watering under a bush, make sure that the roots are not exposed.

Important!Watered blooming strawberries only under the root, in no case should water fall on the flowers.