What vitamins to take from the 12th week of pregnancy. What vitamins for pregnant women are better to take. Expert opinion. The best vitamins for pregnant women, reviews
To find out which vitamins for pregnant women in the 1st and other trimesters are the most necessary, the best, you can rely on reviews, but you should take it only after consulting a doctor. In the article we will consider popular useful options.
What is the difference
The standard complex contains the norm that one adult needs, and elements for women in position have been added to take into account the needs of the baby. Most often, girls have a lack of calcium, so it is included in all pharmaceutical preparations. The dosages of E and B9 have also been increased.
The special composition of medicines is designed to powerfully support the body with valuable substances. These measures are important in case of weakness, lack of basic elements, a number of chronic diseases. The course is calculated individually, taking into account the general condition and the results of the examination.
How Pregnancy Affects Vitamin Needs
Fetal development requires a lot of building materials taken from the mother's body. Therefore, the need for a number of additional components increases dramatically. They are difficult to obtain from food, especially if the deficiency level is already approaching a critical point. A new algorithm of the body's work is added, in which the consumption of calcium, magnesium, and some macro- and microelements almost doubles.
An unfavorable condition is determined by a blood test and requires correction under the strict supervision of a doctor. He develops recommendations and prescribes which vitamins for pregnant women to drink in a particular situation.
Why taking funds may be contraindicated
This happens in two cases:
- Severe allergy to the components of the drug.
- An excess of a certain substance in the body.
Waiting for a baby starts the mechanism of change chemical processes, which leads to an imbalance, so there is a lack or excess of some elements.
Top components for expectant mothers
Each trimester is characterized by its own changes, which require their own set of components that guarantee the well-being of a woman and the benefits for a growing baby. Dosages change, but the main list remains standard.
Folic acid
Facilitates the process of fertilization of the egg, affects the formation of the placenta, reduces the risk of miscarriage. Too high content leads to the opposite result.
Group B
This is a whole complex, where each component is important and enhances the action of others. Elements stimulate metabolic processes, help to assimilate the nutrients necessary for the formation of all systems of the baby's body.
E (tocopherol)
A powerful antioxidant that maintains strength, allows you to get the missing energy, has a relaxing effect on smooth muscles and at the same time prevents the threat of losing a child.
D3 (cholecalciferol)
It is synthesized only under the influence of ultraviolet radiation and is partially contained in food. Deficiency is common, and in this case, the element must be prescribed in the dosage form.
A (retinol, beta-carotene)
Its action is to regulate the metabolism and the formation of the cardiovascular system of the child. Deficiency leads to fetal anemia, malnutrition and development. The component is part of the basic complexes, replenishing daily allowance. When taking several drugs at the same time, it is necessary to clarify the dosage.
The most necessary trace elements for pregnant women
Many women experience a sharp decrease in hemoglobin, convulsions, dizziness in the first trimester. Symptoms indicate a lack of micro and macro elements that the body requires during this difficult period.
Iodine
Needed for the normal synthesis of hormones produced by the thyroid gland. The deficiency contributes to underdevelopment, low weight of the newborn, complications during childbirth.
Zinc
The action is to prevent miscarriage, maintain immunity, form the embryo, stimulate the synthesis of nucleic acids. Lack weakens labor activity, increases the risk of fetal malformations.
Iron
Needed to maintain hemoglobin levels. Excess leads to headaches, disruption of the digestive system. Included in most vitamin complexes recommended for expectant mothers.
Calcium
Included in the structure of the teeth, bone tissue, participates in the formation of the nervous system of the child. During pregnancy, it is very quickly washed out of the body and requires constant renewal. Included in the list of mandatory substances.
Lutein
Found in red fruits and vegetables orange flowers. Participates in the formation of the brain, retina. Needed by women in position (especially after 30 years). The natural concentration is low, so additional sources are required.
Rutozid
Useful for mother and child, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Strengthens the walls of blood vessels, reduces the intensity of edema and stops the manifestations of allergies.
Overview of the necessary and useful pharmacy vitamins for pregnant women: how to choose
Taking drugs, imitating the general opinion, is dangerous to health. Therefore, the deficiency of substances is first determined, the presence or absence of allergic reactions to the components is clarified, medicines from different manufacturers are considered and compared. After that, you need to consult a doctor, where you can offer your options for consideration and jointly choose the best one.
It is necessary to distinguish between medicines and dietary supplements. In the first case, full-fledged clinical trials were carried out during the manufacture and a special certificate was issued for the pharmaceutical product, in the second case, commodity compliance was passed, as for food products. Therefore, there is a possibility that the dietary supplement does not contain the required amount of important components or the dosage is violated in it.
Which company to choose
Pharmacies offer a wide range of drugs. Sometimes you can find several analogues that differ only in the country of origin.
Marbiopharm
Since 1942, the plant has been specializing in the production of medicines, vitamins and nutritional supplements, which have proven themselves to be of high quality in Russia and abroad. Today it is a modern high-tech enterprise. Produces an innovative line "Renaissance" - multi-component vitamin and mineral preparations with natural herbal ingredients for solving complex health problems, including a complex of vitamins and minerals "Mother and Child", which is suitable for women at the stage of pregnancy planning, throughout the entire period and during breastfeeding.
"The healing gift of Altai"
The brand's products are not intended during pregnancy, but will help make up for the lack of valuable substances after the period of feeding the baby. Bioactive complexes normalize metabolic processes, strengthen immunity, improve the condition of hair, nails, skin.
Bayer HealthCare
The German pharmaceutical firm specializes in over-the-counter drugs. Conducts research aimed at improving the quality and effectiveness of funds. It has been on the market for a long time, for several decades it has proven itself well with most buyers. Representative offices operate in many countries, including Russia.
Merck KGaA
The oldest company in the world, founded in the 17th century in Darmstadt. The assortment is constantly updated, it is one of the five leaders in the production of dietary supplements. New drugs and vaccines are being developed.
Unipharm
It has been supplying vitamin and mineral complexes and biological supplements since 1922. Located in the USA, it occupies a high position in terms of quality and popularity.
Rating of the most effective best prenatal vitamins
The criteria for compiling the list are based on the opinion of consumers, objective factors, laboratory tests that confirm or refute the information declared by the manufacturer. For buyers, the most important are:
- compound;
- efficiency;
- value for money;
- availability for sale;
- restrictions and side effects.
According to these parameters, in the top three: "Elevit Pronatal", "Alphabet - Mom's Health", "Vitrum Prenatal Forte".
Best for 1st trimester
Up to 12 weeks, the active formation of the foundations of a new organism takes place, the circulatory, nervous, cardiovascular, endocrine systems, intestines, and main sections of the brain are laid. The lack of certain substances during this period provokes the development of pathologies. They are required in increased doses, as they are necessary for mother and child equally.
Good vitamin complexes for pregnant women early dates: "Femibion Natalcare I", "Elevit Pronatal", "Tocopheropax".
Best for 2nd and 3rd trimesters
The rapid development of bone tissue, weight gain, the formation of the muscular system, small vessels, the complication of the lobes of the brain characterizes the development of the fetus, starting from the 13th week. The lack of components seriously affects the health of a woman, which is expressed in the development of anemia, beriberi, metabolic disorders. In acute deficiency, late toxicosis, severe edema, malfunctions of the liver and kidneys, and accelerated weight gain are manifested.
Top 10
The list includes domestic and foreign drugs that have proven their effectiveness, as evidenced by numerous positive reviews.
"Mother and Child"
Vitamin-mineral complex "Mother and Child" is produced by Marbiopharm based on the developments of leading Russian scientists. The only drug with a content of 1 mg folic acid and lack of vitamin A. Not medicinal product contains 11 vitamins and 10 minerals, including iodine, calcium, iron, chromium, selenium and molybdenum.
"Elevit Pronatal"
The complex composition is suitable for any period from the moment of conception to childbirth. Produced in Russia by Bayer JSC. The domestic pharmaceutical product is of high quality and is manufactured taking into account the needs of the woman's body in our country.
"Materna"
The drug is in the top 10 best vitamins for pregnant women in the 2nd trimester: reviews confirm the effectiveness and safety for the fetus.
"Vitrum Prenatal Forte"
Made in USA. Contains a complete list of required items. It is used for prophylactic purposes with the threat of underdevelopment of the placenta, the occurrence of toxicosis in all trimesters, increases immunity.
"Alphabet - Mom's Health"
Domestic remedy from VneshTorgPharma with excellent characteristics and high efficiency. The composition is dominated by natural ingredients in an easily digestible form. It is always on sale, you can buy it without a prescription.
"Pregnavit"
Recommended in the 3rd trimester. Produced in the form of capsules with pasty contents. The manufacturer claims no side effects. The combined multivitamin preparation contains the daily norm of elements. Can be used while breastfeeding.
"Multi-tabs Perinatal"
The composition contains amino acids, antioxidants. The company's Danish pharmaceutical is recommended after 20 weeks and during breastfeeding. Prevents weakening of hair and thinning of tooth enamel.
"Complivit Mama"
When creating, the peculiarities of the climate and diet in our country were taken into account, the dosages of individual components were adjusted taking into account the change of seasons and the physiological characteristics of the inhabitants of Russia.
| Advantages | Flaws |
| ✔Good compatibility. | ✔ There are contraindications. |
| ✔Domestic production. |
"Pregnacare"
The tool is made in the UK. Contains the elements necessary for the expectant mother in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.
"Doppelhertz"
The German drug has a preventive effect, prevents the occurrence of a deficiency of elements. Well tolerated in toxicosis. Not considered a medicine.
Other useful vitamin complexes
The action of some pharmaceuticals may have contraindications or not provide the desired result, since each organism is individual. Therefore, before taking any means, you need to consult a doctor who can prescribe products that are not included in the top 10, but are most suitable in a particular case.
"Complivit Trimestrum"
Refers to food additives. 3 complexes have been developed in accordance with the needs in each trimester. It is convenient in that you do not have to change the drug if it works well and does not cause side effects. Russian remedy adapted to the conditions of our country, contains about 75% daily allowance vitamins. This measure was taken to prevent hypervitaminosis.
Solgar
Carefully removes the symptoms of toxicosis, increases immunity, the ability to regenerate, resistance infectious diseases. Refers to dietary supplements.
"Lonopan"
The Russian complex of the company "Argo" refers to the multicomponent, includes all the important micro and macro elements, is easily digested, does not require strict adherence to the time of admission. The tablets are a convenient size for swallowing. Two types have been developed with an additional component: iron or calcium.
What vitamins are best during pregnancy
Only a doctor can accurately determine the most suitable complex based on the examination and taking into account the period. The main criterion is well-being. It is important to immediately respond to changes in the state of the body when taking drugs and immediately seek advice. Requirements for the selection of a vitamin complex:
- the presence of the necessary components;
- adjusted dosage;
- no side effects.
It is better to choose large, time-tested manufacturers that have the appropriate certificates for each medicine. It is important to ask about domestic analogues. They are often not inferior in quality at all, but are cheaper and are almost always available in pharmacies.
Is it possible to do without receiving funds
Of course, all the required substances can be obtained with proper nutrition. The exception is an acute deficiency of a certain element or a heavy workload of the expectant mother, which does not allow you to correctly build a diet. IN summer period with an abundance of greens, vegetables and fruits, this is quite feasible.
If, nevertheless, there is a need for additional source, then in the 3rd trimester it is better to think about which vitamins for pregnant women are also suitable for breastfeeding. This will help keep the mother healthy and provide the baby with the optimal composition of milk. And others
Pregnancy is a crucial period in a woman's life, because the baby's health largely depends on her behavior, physical activity, nutrition, and compliance with the doctor's recommendations. Every mother begins caring for her unborn child as soon as she finds out that she is in a position. She strives to eat right in order to provide the fetus with all the necessary substances for normal life and development of organs. Especially important are vitamins and minerals, the need for which increases significantly, so pregnant women are prescribed special vitamin-mineral complexes.
- test results;
- the patient's well-being;
- body mass;
- gestational age;
- Lifestyle;
- accommodations;
- the presence of concomitant chronic diseases;
- season.
The best source of vitamins are food: vegetables, fruits, herbs, meat and fish, kefir, cottage cheese. The vitamins contained in them are more useful, well absorbed, and there are practically no risks of hypervitaminosis. According to many experts, if a woman has no health problems, feels normal, eats fully and diversified, then there is no special need for additional intake of vitamin and mineral complexes for her.
However, this is not always the case. Hypovitaminosis adversely affects the health of both the woman and the fetus. It can lead to exhaustion of the body of a pregnant woman, brittle nails, hair loss, dryness and flaking of the skin, dental problems, irritability, and sleep disturbances. For the unborn child, this condition is dangerous by increasing the risk of developing developmental anomalies.
Taking vitamins and minerals is indicated for pregnant women in the following cases:
- there are signs of hypovitaminosis;
- pregnancy occurs in the autumn-spring period, when there is not enough vitamin-rich vegetables and fruits;
- living in a cold region where there are no seasonal fruits and vegetables;
- the impossibility of good nutrition due to nausea and other manifestations of toxicosis, toxicosis, preeclampsia, dieting, changes in taste preferences, the appearance of intolerance to certain products (milk);
- the woman's age is more than 30 years;
- multiple pregnancy;
- problematic course of a previous pregnancy, premature birth, the birth of a child with developmental anomalies.
Even if indicated, the use of synthetic vitamins daily throughout pregnancy is highly discouraged. The best and safest option is to take them in courses with breaks of several weeks.
What vitamins are needed during pregnancy
A woman in position needs an average of 20-30% more nutrients, vitamins and minerals to ensure the normal functioning of her body and the development of the fetus.
The best vitamins for pregnant women and their biological properties
Vitamin |
Action during pregnancy |
Daily rate |
Folic acid (B9) |
It activates the processes of cell division, has a positive effect on the development of the fetal egg, the transfer of genetic material. Participates in the formation of the placenta, reduces the risk of miscarriage, fetal neural tube defects |
|
Pyridoxine (B6) |
Helps the absorption of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, participates in the formation of red blood cells, hemoglobin, antibodies. It is important for the normal development of the brain and nervous system of the child. |
|
Cyanocobalamin (B12) |
Promotes the formation of stable immunity, improves the functioning of the liver and kidneys in a pregnant woman. Participates in cell division, the formation of bone structures, the nervous system of the fetus. Promotes better absorption of folic acid. |
|
Tocopherol (E) |
Is an antioxidant. Participates in the processes of cellular respiration, metabolism, division. Regulates the production of female sex hormones. Important for the proper formation of the placenta, prevents early miscarriages. |
|
Retinol (A) |
Participates in metabolic processes, the development of the organs of vision, the skeleton and the nervous system of the child. Has antioxidant properties. Its deficiency can cause anemia, the birth of a child with low weight. |
|
Ascorbic acid (C) |
Strengthens the immune system, reduces the susceptibility of the mother's body to infections. Helps prevent iron deficiency anemia. |
|
Cholecalciferol (D) |
It improves the absorption of calcium and phosphorus, is necessary for bone mineralization, bone tissue development and the prevention of rickets in newborns. |
Essential Minerals
In addition to vitamins, pregnant women need the following minerals:
- Calcium. It is necessary for the proper development of the musculoskeletal system, urinary, endocrine, nervous systems of the baby, the prevention of dental problems and bone depletion in the expectant mother.
- Iodine. Included in the thyroid hormonesresponsible for metabolism, mental and physical development of the fetus.
- Zinc. Stimulates skin regeneration, prevents hair loss in pregnant women, has an immunomodulatory effect. Its deficiency is fraught with the birth of an immature fetus, the formation of malformations of organs.
- Iron. It is part of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen from mother to fetus. Participates in blood formation, protein synthesis muscle tissue. Necessary for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia.
Throughout the entire period of bearing a child, the need for vitamins and minerals changes. In the first trimester, folic acid, vitamins E and A are relevant. Moreover, folic acid is prescribed even at the stage of pregnancy planning, often not only to expectant mothers, but also to fathers. Its effectiveness has been proven by a number of scientific studies. In the second trimester, minerals become important for a pregnant woman: calcium, iodine and iron, and in the third - vitamins A, C, D and iron.
Vitamin and mineral complexes for pregnant women
Vitamins for pregnant women are available in the form of special balanced complexes or preparations containing only one or two vitamins. Most often, they are separately prescribed:
- folic acid (Mamifol, Folacin, 9 months Folic acid);
- iron (Ferroplex, Ferrum-Lek, Maltofer);
- calcium (Calcemin, Calcium gluconate);
- iodine (Iodine Vitrum, Iodbalance, Iodomarin).
A pregnant woman should beware of taking dietary supplements containing vitamins and minerals. They are not officially recognized medicines, they go through less control on the way to the pharmacy counter. The doses of active substances indicated on their packaging may not be entirely true.
To choose which vitamins for pregnant women are more suitable in each individual case, you should pay attention to the qualitative and quantitative composition, compatibility of active ingredients with each other, as well as the individual reaction of the body. Commonly prescribed medications are the best.
Complivit Trimestrum
Includes a line of three drugs designed for use in the first, second and third trimester. Vitamins for the first trimester are recommended to start taking even at the planning stage of pregnancy.
Each complex contains 22 essential nutrients in dosages calculated on the basis of studies of the needs of a pregnant woman for a certain period of time. The composition contains B vitamins, vitamins A, E, C, D, P, lutein and minerals (magnesium, selenium, iodine, calcium, zinc, copper).
In the manufacture of the drug, the technology of separate granulation was used, which ensures the compatibility of active components. Produced by the Russian manufacturer Pharmstandard in a package of 30 film-coated tablets. The advantages of the multivitamin complex are low cost, convenient form of release, high quality and unique composition.
Elevit Pronatal
This vitamin remedy is considered one of the best and has been prescribed to women during pregnancy for more than 20 years. It has one composition, regardless of gestational age. Designed to correct and prevent the lack of vitamins and minerals at the stage of planning, pregnancy and lactation.
Includes 8 B vitamins, including folic acid, vitamins A, E, C, D and 7 minerals (magnesium, manganese, zinc, copper and others). The disadvantage of Elevit is the lack of iodine, as well as somewhat overestimated dosages of some nutrients. The drug has a lot of magnesium, so it is prescribed for the threat of miscarriage. Magnesium has a relaxing effect on the smooth muscles of the uterus, relieves hypertonicity, improves blood circulation.
Produced by the world famous pharmaceutical company Bayer in the form of film-coated tablets of 30 and 100 pieces per pack.
Vitrum Prenatal and Vitrum Prenatal Forte
Vitrum vitamin complexes for pregnant women contain increased dosages of iron and folic acid, therefore they are useful for the prevention and treatment of anemia throughout the entire period of bearing a child.
The composition contains 10 vitamins (A, groups B, C, D, E), iron, calcium and zinc. Vitrum Prenatal Forte additionally contains provitamin A, vitamins B5 and B7, iodine, copper, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum and chromium. Which of the drugs will be better in each specific situation, the doctor must determine.
Produced by the American pharmaceutical company Unipharm in packs of 30 or 100 tablets. The disadvantages include the large size of the tablet, which makes it difficult to swallow, especially for women who experience vomiting due to toxicosis.
Pregnacare
Pregnacare - a multivitamin complex produced in the UK, appeared relatively recently. Contains almost all vitamins, macro- and microelements important for a pregnant woman, including folic acid, iodine and iron. Suitable for the elimination and prevention of hypovitaminosis at any stage of pregnancy, during lactation and at the stage of pregnancy planning.
The preparation contains 11 vitamins (groups B, C, D, E, K), provitamin A and 5 minerals (iron, zinc, magnesium, iodine, copper). The difference between this complex and others is the absence of calcium in the composition, which is due to its negative effect on the absorption of iron with simultaneous use. In this regard, it is better not to take Pregnacare along with foods rich in calcium.
Available in the form of capsules of 30 or 90 pieces per pack.
Multi-Tabs Perinatal
Multi-Tabs Perinatal is a complex containing all vitamins necessary for a pregnant woman: A, D, E, C, group B. Its feature is a rich mineral composition: calcium and magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, chromium, selenium and iodine.
The drug Multi-tabs Perinatal Omega-3 with polyunsaturated fatty acids is also produced. They help prevent premature birth, prevent high blood pressure in the mother, have a good effect on blood vessels and the nervous system, and improve the development of the fetal brain.
Multi-Tabs Perinatal and Multi-tabs Perinatal Omega-3 are produced by the Danish manufacturer Ferrosan in the form of tablets of 30, 50, 60 or 100 pieces per pack. The advantages of the drug are the availability and ease of use.
Alphabet Mom's health
This complex differs from all the others in that the daily dose of vitamins is divided into three tablets, colored in different colors(white, blue, pink). This technology allows for better absorption of active substances, since each tablet contains only vitamins and minerals that are compatible with each other. The drug has a rich vitamin and mineral composition. In total, three tablets contain 13 vitamins (A, E, C, D, K, H, group B), 11 minerals, beta-carotene and organic acid taurine. The disadvantage is the low content of folic acid and the need to take three tablets during the day instead of one.
It is produced by the Russian pharmaceutical company Akvion, 60 tablets per pack, and is inexpensive.
Precautionary measures
For the purchase of vitamin-mineral complexes and dietary supplements available in the pharmacy, a prescription is not required, so they are available to everyone. However, this does not mean that you can choose any vitamins for pregnant women that you like in composition or turn out to be the best on the advice of friends or on positive reviews on Internet resources. These drugs during pregnancy can bring not only benefits, but also harm. They must be prescribed by a doctor.
When using vitamin-mineral complexes in pregnant women, side effects sometimes occur, which should be reported to the doctor immediately and stop drinking them until the cause is clarified. Allergic manifestations (rash, itching, redness, skin irritation), constipation, diarrhea, nausea, dizziness are possible.
Contraindications for most vitamin preparations are:
- individual intolerance to the active and auxiliary substances included in the composition;
- excess in the body of the components contained in the product;
- severe pathologies of the liver and kidneys;
- stones in the organs of the urinary system;
- pathology of the thyroid gland (for vitamin complexes with iodine).
In some cases, an excess of nutrients can be much more dangerous for a pregnant woman than a deficiency. For example, calcium can accumulate in the placenta, accelerating the formation of calcifications, and an overdose of vitamin A is fraught with the development of heart defects and the nervous system of the fetus.
Video: Opinion of obstetrician-gynecologists on taking vitamins during pregnancy
Pregnancy is a joy for a woman and a burden for her body. After all, now not only the expectant mother needs good nutrition, but also the little miracle growing inside her. Even a balanced diet no longer meets the needs for nutrients. For example, ladies in an interesting position need one and a half times more calcium, folic acid and iron. The lack of these elements can lead to abnormalities in the development of the fetus.
Today in pharmacies you can find numerous drugs designed to maintain the health of women for an important nine months. Do right choice TOP 10 best vitamins for pregnant and lactating women in 2017-2018 will help. When compiling the rating, feedback from the female audience and the opinion of gynecologists were taken into account.
Summary table: Rating of the best vitamins for pregnant women
| Name | Release form | User Reviews | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10. Multi-tabs Perinatal | 💊 pills | ⭐ 4.3 out of 5 | 525 rubles |
| 9. Compliment "Mom" | 💊 pills | ⭐ 4.3 out of 5 | 230 r. |
| 8. Prenatal Nutrients Solgar | 💊 pills | ⭐ 4.5 out of 5 | 1 200 rubles |
| 7. AlphaVit "Mom's health" | 💊 pills | ⭐ 4.5 out of 5 | 350 r. |
| 6. Just Once, Prenatal Multivitamin, Rainbow Light | 💊 pills | ⭐ 4.7 out of 5 | 1 800 rubles |
| 5. Femibion Natalcare 2 | 💊 tablets/capsules | ⭐ 4.8 out of 5 | 1 100 rubles |
| 4. Vitrum Prenatal Forte | 💊 pills | ⭐ 4.8 out of 5 | 640-1 650 rubles |
| 3. Elevit Pronatal | 💊 pills | ⭐ 4.8 out of 5 | 650-2,000 rubles |
| 2. Vitamin Code, Raw Prenatal by Garden of Life | 💊 capsules | ⭐ 4.9 out of 5 | 2 740 rubles |
| 1.Orthomol Natal | 💊 Powder/capsules, tablets/capsules | ⭐ 4.9 out of 5 | 4 800-42 000 rubles |
Multi-tabs Perinatal
Complex vitamins from the Danish manufacturer Ferrosan A / S are designed to meet the needs of the expectant mother's body and contain all the necessary elements.
As a part of Multi-tabs Perinatal there are no fatty acids (Omega -3) - doctors advise taking them additionally. The complex is also recommended during the feeding period. It is worth refusing to take the drug if there is a violation of the kidneys or signs of hypervitaminosis.
Indications for taking the drug are:
- preparation for conception;
- reduced immunity;
- replenishment of nutritional deficiencies;
- ecologically unfavorable area of residence.
✅ Benefits:
- compound;
- efficiency;
- price.
❌ Disadvantages:
- there is a possibility of exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases;
- may cause an allergic reaction.
Complivit "Mom"
Inexpensive but effective vitamins Russian production. In each trimester of pregnancy, the body requires different substances. In the first weeks, it is recommended to take folic acid, iodine and vitamins E, A and D. Then it is worth replenishing the diet with calcium, iron, phosphorus and zinc. In recent months, vitamins C, K and B are needed.
There are no synthetic additives and dyes in the preparation. Thinking about taking Trimestrum 1 is still at the stage of pregnancy planning, especially if a woman has low hemoglobin.
Based on this, the manufacturer produces three compositions of the complex:
- 1 trimester - Trimester 1;
- 2nd trimester - Trimester 2;
- 3rd trimester - Trimester 3.
✅ Benefits:
- price;
- tablet size;
- compound;
- availability in pharmacies.
❌ Disadvantages:
- lack of iodine;
- possible allergic reactions.
Prenatal Nutrients Solgar
The first thing you need to pay attention to when choosing vitamins for pregnant women is the composition. The Solgar complex has been produced since 1947 and contains chelated forms of minerals that are perfectly perceived by the body. The second important factor: vitamin A here is represented by natural beta-keratin, and not synthetic retinol.
The drug should pay attention to those whose pregnancy caused problems with hair and facial skin. Prenatal Nutrients provides 100% of the Daily Value of Vitamin E, Biotin and Zinc. These substances improve the nutrition of hair follicles. They moisturize the epidermis, making the skin supple. Among the components there is L-cysteine - an amino acid that is part of the protein of the skin.
✅ Benefits:
- efficiency;
- lack of gluten;
- chelate forms of minerals;
- compound;
- economical package (240 tablets).
❌ Disadvantages:
- price;
AlfaVit "Mom's health"
The complex, popular in Russia, contains 13 vitamins and 11 minerals. The advantage of the drug is safe dosages that exclude hypervitaminosis. Taking AlfaVita "Mom's Health" will help stabilize the emotional state, increase immunity and improve the woman's well-being for three trimesters.
The manufacturer took into account the rules of compatibility of the components included in the preparation. So, vitamin D should be taken with calcium, and vitamin B2 enhances the effect of vitamin B6. The daily dose of the complex consists of three tablets. In each, only elements that are suitable for each other are collected.
✅ Benefits:
- price;
- dragee size;
- separation of vitamins and minerals;
- compound.
❌ Disadvantages:
- synthetic dye;
- individual intolerance.
Just Once, Prenatal Multivitamin, Rainbow Light
The advantage of the Just Once multivitamin complex from the American manufacturer Rainbow Light is that minerals (calcium, iron, zinc, copper, potassium, molybdenum and manganese) are represented by citrate and chelate forms that are best absorbed by the body. Contains no lactose, gluten, yeast or gluten. This means that the drug does not cause allergies.
One tablet per day will provide the body with the substances needed during the nine months of pregnancy. Doctors recommend taking this drug in the early stages, and even better - six months before the planned conception.
✅ Benefits:
- compliance with the norms of taking vitamins and minerals;
- lactobacilli and enzymes in the composition;
- economical packaging;
- value for money.
❌ Disadvantages:
- lack of fatty acids;
- tablet size.
Femibion Natalcare 2
The second trimester of pregnancy is the time when toxicosis decreases, constant fatigue goes away, and future mom feels better. At the same time, the weight of the fetus increases, reaching 14-20 g. The little man grows and requires more nutrients. During this period, doctors recommend that women drink vitamins, even if they have not done so before.
When developing the drug Fembion 2, the manufacturer took into account the rules for the compatibility of taking vitamins and minerals. Do not be surprised that the composition lacks iron and calcium. The body does not absorb these two substances taken together with other components of the complex. They must be used separately.
Release form of the drug: tablets containing folic acid, 9 vitamins and iodine, as well as capsules with fatty acids and vitamin E.
✅ Benefits:
- safety;
- compound;
- no side effects;
- comfortable shape.
❌ Disadvantages:
- price.
Vitrum Prenatal Forte
A good drug with a balanced composition that replenishes the need of the mother's body and the unborn child for the necessary vitamins and minerals. The complex contains 23 components, the task of which is to increase immunity, improve the functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, accelerate metabolism and eliminate toxins.
One tablet of Vitrum Prenatal Forte contains 60 mg of ferrous fumarate, which eliminates the occurrence of anemia in pregnant and lactating women. The bonus is an improvement in the emotional background and a surge of vitality.
✅ Benefits:
- balanced composition;
- no side effects;
- ease of use (1 tablet per day).
❌ Disadvantages:
- tablet size;
- individual intolerance;
- dye included.
Vitamin Code, Raw Prenatal, Garden of Life
The list of vitamins would be incomplete without the complex of the American brand Garden of Life. The manufacturer has abandoned the use of GMOs, artificial and animal ingredients in favor of natural ingredients. In addition, you will not find gluten in the company's products.
The uniqueness of the complex for pregnant women is that its components are extracted from raw products. This means that synthetic substances and heat treatment were not used in the process of their production. The composition is vegetable, which has a beneficial effect on the absorption of vitamins by the body. Important components of the complex are probiotics, iron and folic acid. Raw Prenatal contains vitamin D3 to aid in better absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and ginger to reduce nausea.
Attention! The product is natural and may cause allergies. Release form - capsules made from vegetable cellulose.
✅ Benefits:
- efficiency;
- compound;
- suitable for vegetarians;
- absence of gluten.
❌ Disadvantages:
- price.
For healthy intrafetal development of a child conceived in autumn and winter months, vitamin D is needed (the preferred form is cholecalciferol). During the seasons when the sun is inactive, the expectant mother should take 800-1,000 IU of the drug per day. The maximum dose is 2,000 IU. In the summer, a pregnant woman should reduce her intake to 500 IU.
Elevit Pronatal
Start taking Elevit should be 3-6 months before the intended conception. This is especially true for women planning pregnancy in the autumn, when the season for fresh vegetables and fruits has already passed. During the period of breastfeeding, the drug will also not be superfluous - at this time, the body of the mother and child requires double doses of calcium.
The complex contains 12 vitamins, 4 minerals and 3 trace elements. With him, the first trimester will be much easier - the pills do not cause nausea and constipation. Women taking Elevit note an improvement in the condition of their hair and a decrease in emotional instability.
✅ Benefits:
- hypoallergenicity;
- efficiency;
- ease of use (1 tablet per day);
- no side effects.
❌ Disadvantages:
- lack of iodine;
- small dose of vitamin D;
- tablet size;
- price.
Orthomol Natal
According to experts, Orthomol Natal is the best multivitamin available today. This is confirmed by numerous positive reviews. It is suitable not only for pregnant and lactating women, but also for those planning a happy event. The drug will provide the body with all the necessary vitamins and minerals. Among the ingredients are fatty acids, antioxidants, iodine, magnesium and calcium, which, among other things, will solve the problem of hair breakage and hair loss. The composition includes probiotics, so Orthomol Natal will cause an increase in immunity.
Vitamins come in two forms: capsules/powder and capsules/tablets. Packages are designed for 90 and 270 days of admission.
Important! Orthomol Pharmazeutische Vertriebs Gmb has developed the Orthomol Fertil Plus complex for men. It contains zinc, selenium, omega-3, eicosapentaenoic acid, L-carnitine and N-acetylcysteine. These substances can improve the quality of seminal fluid, which affects the health and motility of spermatozoa.
✅ Benefits:
- compatibility with any diet prescribed by a doctor;
- balanced composition;
- visible result;
- separate intake of vitamins, minerals and fats.
❌ Disadvantages:
- price.
Opinion of obstetricians-gynecologists
Doctors agree that it is necessary to start taking vitamin complexes even during pregnancy planning. In order to avoid hypervitaminosis, doctors recommend that women undergo an examination, including donating blood for a biochemical analysis. When buying drugs, you should pay attention to the doses of vitamins and minerals indicated by the manufacturer - they should not exceed the norms recommended by gynecologists. At the slightest sign of an allergic reaction, you should seek medical help.
During pregnancy, significant changes occur in a woman's body - the metabolism is greatly rebuilt, the hormonal background fluctuates, and the composition of the blood changes. A growing fetus receives nutrients from the mother's body, so a woman's need for vitamins and microelements increases one and a half to two times. Recently, the issue of vitamin deficiency in expectant mothers has been quite acute, so doctors are making every effort to prepare for pregnancy and take the necessary drugs starting at the planning stage.
Vitamin deficiency and consequences
Vitamins are needed not only for the proper development of the fetus, but also for maintaining the health of the mother. Thus, the lack of any substance can lead to the manifestation of health problems in both the child and the pregnant woman. In the human body, vitamins play the role of enzymes, accelerating biochemical reactions. In addition, they take part in humoral regulation, performing the functions of some hormones. Despite popular belief, vitamins do not serve as a source of energy and are not structural components of tissues. These compounds are important only to ensure proper metabolism, on which the work of all internal organs and systems.
Pregnant women have been found to be deficient in at least three vitamins. This can lead to improper formation of the internal organs in the fetus or health problems in the mother due to excessive drawing of substances from her body. Most often there is a deficiency of B vitamins, carotenoids and ascorbic acid.
Vitamins enter the human body with food, but it is believed that food cannot fully provide the necessary daily intake. This is especially true for women during pregnancy. This leads to the need to take additional vitamins, in particular in the form of drugs.
Especially dangerous during pregnancy are conditions in which there is a deficiency of vitamin D, B6, folic acid, as they can lead to irreversible consequences of the formation of the nervous system or the skeleton of the child.
Vitamin deficiency in the first trimester is dangerous for violations in the formation of the nervous system, as well as the development of fetal defects and even intrauterine death. It is during this period that the laying of all organs and tissues occurs, as well as an important differentiation of cells. In the second and third trimester, vitamin deficiency is less dangerous, but can lead to problems in the cardiovascular, endocrine or digestive systems.
The role of vitamins in the formation of the fetus
- Pyridoxine (B6). Together with other vitamins that belong to group B, pyridoxine is involved in nerve impulses. This vitamin is necessary for the proper functioning of the nervous system and the harmonious development of the child's brain. In addition, amino acids are produced from pyridoxine and proteins are synthesized - the main structural component of the human body.
- Folic acid (B9). Necessary for the processes of cell renewal, as well as for the proper formation of the fetal nervous system. With a lack of folic acid, neural tube defects, placental tissue pathologies can occur, and the likelihood of premature termination of pregnancy increases.
- Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin). Necessary for the proper development of a fertilized egg. Vitamin deficiency can lead to miscarriage. Cyanocobalamin is also a coenzyme in many biochemical reactions, in particular the oxidation of proteins and fats, as well as the synthesis of amino acids.
- Vitamin E (tocopherol). One of the most important vitamins for the fetus, pregnant woman, as well as the average person. Participates in the processes of tissue respiration, protects tissues from free radicals, strengthens the placenta. Necessary for the prevention of miscarriage and the normal development of a fertilized egg. It is prescribed to all women during pregnancy planning, as well as in the first trimester. Vitamin E deficiency can also lead to vision problems and hemolytic anemia. It is not recommended to exceed the dosage of this vitamin.
- Vitamin A (retinol) provides antioxidant protection and is a structural component of cell membranes. Its deficiency leads to abnormal development of the fetus, as well as problems with the vision of the baby after childbirth.
- Vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Necessary for the synthesis of collagen fibers, which are part of the structure of bones, cartilage and blood vessels. Vitamin C is known for its immune-boosting properties, as well as its ability to neutralize toxins. With a lack of vitamin increases the likelihood of infection with viral infections and negative consequences for the baby.
The role of vitamins for a pregnant woman
- Pyridoxine. Vitamin is involved in the processes of hematopoiesis and ensures the proper functioning of the nervous system. Its deficiency leads to anemia, convulsive syndrome, the development of early toxicosis, irritability, and insomnia.
- Folic acid. Necessary for the stable functioning of the nervous system. With a deficiency, a woman may feel a loss of appetite, increased fatigue and irritability.
- Vitamin B 12. Takes part in the processes of hematopoiesis and various biochemical reactions. Vitamin deficiency leads to the development of special types of anemia, which negatively affect the state of the bone marrow and nervous system.
- Vitamin E. Takes part in the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, acts as an antioxidant. With a deficiency, muscle pain, weakness, and spontaneous abortion may occur.
- Vitamin A. It is recommended to take the vitamin precursor, beta-carotene, to minimize the chance of overdose. Vitamin A itself takes part in many biochemical processes in the body, and with its deficiency, vision problems develop, immune defense decreases, and the condition of the epithelium worsens.
- Vitamin C. Reduces vascular fragility, prevents varicose veins, which often occurs in pregnant women. Improves resistance to infections, accelerates tissue repair due to participation in collagen synthesis. With a lack of ascorbic acid, bruising, stretch marks, and frequent colds occur.
To prevent a deficiency of most of the most important vitamins, it is recommended to take complex vitamin preparations during pregnancy. They have adjusted not only the qualitative, but also the quantitative composition, taking into account the special position of women.
Foods rich in vitamins
You can maintain the health of a pregnant woman and the harmonious intrauterine development of the fetus with the help of proper nutrition. It should be varied and include the main food groups (meat, cereals, vegetables, dairy, etc.) so that a woman receives all the necessary vitamins and minerals. Foods that are sources of vitamins are shown in the table below:
vitamins by pregnancy
The need for different vitamins varies depending on the duration of pregnancy and the processes that occur in the body.
In the first trimester, the main emphasis should be on the intake of folic acid, vitamin E and ascorbic acid. During this period, the laying of the nervous system and the formation of internal organs take place, and the woman's immunity decreases due to hormonal changes. These vitamins will ensure the full development of the embryo, prevent pathologies of the brain, vision and hearing. It is recommended to supplement vitamins during this period with microelements - iodine and zinc.
In the second trimester, there is more need for substances that will give the mother energy, and the child - the structural material for growth. It is recommended to take vitamins A, C, E, as well as vitamin D. Additionally, the need for vital microelements - iron, zinc, iodine - increases.
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The question of the need for vitamins at pregnancy is of great importance, and at the same time, so far the world has not found an unambiguous answer to it. This is due to the fact that pregnancy is a physiological state that proceeds according to some general, certain rules, but with indispensable features inherent in each expectant mother and determined by the individual qualities of both the woman and the father of the unborn child. In addition to the individual biological, psychological and physical characteristics of a pregnant woman and the father of a child, many factors influence the course and outcome of pregnancy, among which nutrition and drinking are the most significant. After all, it is nutrition that ensures the entry into the body of a woman of all the necessary vitamins, minerals, trace elements and energy substances. And, therefore, the answer to the question of the need for the use of vitamins during pregnancy largely depends on the type of nutrition of the woman carrying the child.In almost all cases, nutrition is determined by two main factors:
1.
The eating habits and traditions of a particular family, ethnic or social group.
2.
Opportunities of the family to provide a pregnant woman with various products.
This means that if there are certain traditions and eating habits adopted in a family or group, a pregnant woman will eat according to them, not paying attention to the recommendations and advice of doctors. Usually such traditional options nutrition is defective, but very tenacious, since myths and legends about their benefits are passed on from generation to generation, actively supported and inflated. Adhering to traditional eating habits, a pregnant woman does not eat many foods that are useful and necessary for her, since they are not on the accepted menu. If such traditions are strong in the family, then the accepted type of nutrition will be maintained even if it is able to afford the purchase of the products necessary for the pregnant woman, since it is this diet that is considered “correct” and “tested for centuries”.
In other cases, families may adhere to the rules and advice of doctors regarding the diet of a pregnant woman, but in the end her nutrition will be determined by material means, which will or will not allow her to purchase any products.
And therefore, the answer to the question about the use of vitamins during pregnancy, in fact, is determined by the nutritional characteristics and the current physical condition of each particular pregnant woman. If a woman did not eat very well before pregnancy, then she is recommended to take vitamins during the entire period of bearing a child. If she ate well and fully before and during pregnancy, then she does not need to take additional vitamins. This is the general conclusion reached by experts from the World Health Organization on the use of synthetic vitamins during pregnancy. Let us consider in more detail all aspects of the use of vitamins during pregnancy in the countries of the former USSR.
Vitamins for pregnant women - the results of studies conducted under the auspices of WHO
Over the past decade, three major studies have been conducted on the effects of multivitamin supplementation in women during pregnancy. The very first such study was carried out in 2005-2006 in European countries, and 73,000 pregnant women from different social strata and income levels took part in it on a voluntary basis. Then, in 2007, a study was again made of the effect of taking multivitamins (vitamin complexes) on the course and outcomes of pregnancies. However, this study included women from different regions world, as it was carried out by the World Health Organization.
Finally, the latest study on the effects of taking multivitamins was carried out in 2009, also under the auspices of the World Health Organization, exclusively in countries with limited resources, where the nutrition of pregnant women in most cases is not complete and of high quality.
All three studies allowed experts to draw the following conclusions:
1.
Regardless of the type of nutrition a woman has, during pregnancy, everyone must take iron supplements and folic acid, which reduces the risk of malformations of the central nervous system. It is this vitamin (folic acid) and trace element (iron) that have proven positive effects on the course and outcome of pregnancy.
2.
If a woman eats normally and fully, then taking any multivitamins, with the exception of folic acid and iron, does not affect the course and outcomes of pregnancies, without reducing the risk of congenital malformations, premature birth, etc.
3.
If a woman does not eat fully, then taking, in addition to folic acid and iron, also multivitamins can reduce the risk of having a small child and developing severe anemia in a pregnant woman.
Thus, with a normal diet, a pregnant woman needs to take only folic acid and iron supplements, which really prevent congenital malformations in the fetus and anemia in the mother. The intake of other vitamins does not significantly affect the course and outcomes of pregnancy, as well as the health of the mother. Therefore, WHO recommends that women who eat normally and fully, without fail, take only folic acid and iron supplements. And all other vitamins can be taken at the request of the woman herself, or on the recommendation of a gynecologist observing her.
For women who are malnourished during pregnancy, WHO recommends the mandatory intake of folic acid and iron supplements, as well as any multivitamins if possible. Moreover, multivitamins must be taken in courses throughout pregnancy.
Do pregnant women need vitamins?
As can be seen from the reports and recommendations of the World Health Organization, made on the basis of the results of the studies, vitamins are both needed and not needed by pregnant women, depending on the type of their diet. The only vitamins and minerals really necessary for all pregnant women, without exception, are folic acid (vitamin B c) and iron. Folic acid must be taken by all pregnant women until at least the 12th week of gestation at 400 mcg per day. Moreover, vitamin B c can be taken even before pregnancy, at the stage of its planning. All other vitamins are not needed for a pregnant woman who eats fully. If a woman does not eat fully, then in addition to folic acid, she needs all the other vitamins that must be taken throughout the pregnancy in courses.
To answer the question of whether pregnant women need vitamins, it is recommended to remember a number of factors. Firstly, regardless of the nutrition of a pregnant woman, the fetus will take everything that it needs for its development, literally "sucking out" from all tissues and organs of the body. Moreover, the fetus will take the vitamins, microelements and nutrients it needs only from the tissues of the pregnant woman, and not from the incoming food, since this was provided by Nature.
That is, during pregnancy, the fetus receives the substances it needs indirectly - from the tissues of the mother's body, where they, in turn, come from food. This means that the child will in any case take everything that he needs, even if this causes a literal exhaustion of the mother's body. Therefore, with insufficient intake of vitamins, minerals and nutrients, the health of a pregnant woman deteriorates significantly, which is manifested by tooth decay, hair loss, foliation of nails, the development of chronic pathologies (for example, varicose veins, hemorrhoids, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, etc.) .
Therefore, in order to prevent a deficiency of vitamins, microelements and nutrients taken by the growing fetus in the tissues of the mother's body, they must be constantly introduced from the outside in the form of a complete, healthy and balanced food. Exactly the same purpose - to replenish the reserves of vitamins, minerals and nutrients, is the intake of various multivitamins, mineral salts, dietary supplements, dry food and other drugs during pregnancy. Therefore, it is clear that the need to take vitamins during pregnancy is due to the woman's diet and its ability to provide her body with all the necessary substances.
This means that good nutrition will fully ensure the replenishment of the reserves of necessary substances in the tissues of the mother's body without additional intake of vitamins, and she will come out of pregnancy still healthy and beautiful. But if a woman's nutrition is inadequate, then in order to replenish the reserves of necessary substances in tissues, she needs to take vitamins, microelements, dietary supplements and special dry food.
By good and nutritious nutrition, WHO means the following:
1.
A woman eats fresh or fresh-frozen red meat at least (beef, veal, lamb, etc.) twice a week;
2.
A woman eats fresh or frozen fish at least twice a week;
3.
A woman eats any dairy products daily;
4.
A woman eats eggs at least twice a week;
5.
A woman consumes poultry meat at least 2-3 times a week;
6.
A woman eats at least five types of fruits and vegetables every day;
7.
A woman consumes butter and vegetable oils every day;
8.
The volume of carbohydrate foods (buns, pastries, bread, pasta, potatoes, etc.) makes up no more than half of a woman's total daily diet.
That is, if the diet of a pregnant woman approximately corresponds to the above signs, then her nutrition is considered complete. If such a diet is maintained throughout pregnancy, then such a woman needs only an additional intake of folic acid and iron supplements, and she does not need multivitamins.
If the diet does not correspond to the above criteria formulated by WHO, then the nutrition of the pregnant woman is considered inadequate. This means that during pregnancy, such a woman should take not only iron supplements and folic acid, but also multivitamins. In such situations, multivitamins prevent the birth of children with low body weight and allow you to maintain the health of the expectant mother, preventing hair loss, deterioration of teeth, nails, etc. With malnutrition, vitamins are necessary not so much for the fetus, which will take everything that it needs from the tissues and organs of the mother, but for the pregnant woman herself, so that she comes out of pregnancy in a normal, and not exhausted state with fallen hair, crumbled teeth and nails, dull, flabby, saggy skin, etc. It is also necessary to take vitamins for all pregnant women who have bad habits, such as drinking alcohol, drugs, smoking, etc.
Thus, WHO recommends that you take vitamins during pregnancy with restraint and individuality. So, with a normal diet, vitamins will not benefit the woman and the child, but, on the contrary, they can harm, provoking too much weight gain by the fetus, as a result of which childbirth will be difficult.
In addition, WHO emphasizes that, regardless of the diet, all pregnant women need to take folic acid and iron supplements. It is recommended to start taking folic acid even at the stage of pregnancy planning and up to the 12th week of gestation continuously at 400 mcg per day.
Thus, the need to take multivitamins, in addition to folic acid, is determined by the individual characteristics of the nutrition and condition of the woman. This means that in each case it is necessary to make an individual, balanced decision on the appointment of multivitamins for a pregnant woman.
Can pregnant women take vitamins?
Yes, pregnant women can drink vitamins, and in some cases even need to. In order not to harm your own health, as well as the growth and development of the fetus, you must choose only certified and standardized vitamins or dietary supplements. In addition, pregnant women should carefully study the composition and dosage of each vitamin in a multivitamin preparation. The content of water-soluble vitamins (C, group B, PP, F and N) is of little importance, since their overdose is impossible due to the ability to quickly remove the excess that has entered the body. And the content of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) should not exceed the established optimal consumption rates, since their intake in excess can provoke an overdose. So, the safe amount of fat-soluble vitamins in the composition of multivitamin preparations is the following:
- Vitamin A - 3000 IU;
- Vitamin E - 200 IU;
- Vitamin D - 400 - 2000 IU;
- Vitamin K - 65 mg.
The norm of vitamins for pregnant women
A pregnant woman should receive the following amount of vitamins per day:- Vitamin A - 800 mcg;
- Vitamin D - 10 mcg;
- Vitamin E - 10 mg;
- Vitamin K - 65 mcg;
- Vitamin C - 70 mg;
- Vitamin B 1 - 1.5 mg;
- Vitamin B 2 - 1.6 mg;
- Vitamin B 6 - 2.2 mg;
- Vitamin B 12 - 2.2 mcg;
- Vitamin PP - 17 mg;
- Folic acid (vitamin B c) - 400 mcg.
What vitamin for pregnant women is necessary?
In principle, it is unnecessary to repeat that a pregnant woman needs all the existing vitamins, minerals and nutrients, since not only the growth and development of the fetus, but also the preservation of the health of the mother depends on their adequate intake. However, among all existing, the most important and necessary vitamins for a pregnant woman are the following: - Vitamin A- ensures normal growth of the fetus. With a lack of vitamin A, a woman's immunity worsens, vaginal dryness, acne and boils on the skin appear, hair becomes dull and lifeless, and may begin to fall out.
- Vitamin C- increases resistance to infections, improves the absorption of iron and participates in the formation of the placenta. With a deficiency of vitamin C, a woman feels constant fatigue.
- Vitamin D- ensures normal growth and bone formation in the fetus, and also prevents rickets and osteoporosis in a pregnant woman. With a deficiency of vitamin D, a woman's teeth begin to break down, excitability develops, and calf cramps appear.
- Vitamin E- ensures normal growth and stretching of the uterus, prevents anemia, muscle weakness and Negative influence stress . With a deficiency of vitamin E, miscarriage or premature birth can occur.
- Vitamin K- Ensures normal blood clotting. With its deficiency, a woman can develop severe bleeding, and the fetus can develop hemorrhagic disease.
- Vitamin B 1- provides energy to the nervous system and muscles of the fetus, and also supports good dream in a pregnant woman. With a deficiency of vitamin B 1, muscle weakness, irritability and fatigue can develop.
- Vitamin B 2- ensures normal growth and development of the fetus. With a deficiency of vitamin B 2, a woman may experience dermatitis, and the fetus may have malformations or premature birth.
- Vitamin B 6- ensures the normal formation and functioning of the central nervous system in the fetus and pregnant woman. With a deficiency of vitamin B 6, a woman develops preeclampsia, and in newborns, convulsions and irritability.
- Vitamin B 12- ensures the normal development of the nervous system and the processes of hematopoiesis in the fetus. With a deficiency of vitamin B 12, anemia develops, tachycardia, general weakness and dizziness in a woman.
- Vitamin PP- provides the formation of the nervous system and muscle tissue of the fetus. With a deficiency of vitamin PP, a woman loses her appetite, she develops constipation and pallor of the skin.
- Folic acid (B s, B 9) - ensures the normal rate of growth and development of the fetus, as well as the formation of the central nervous system. Folic acid deficiency can cause CNS pathology in the fetus.
- Pantothenic acid (B 5) - provides a balanced synthesis of sex hormones. With a deficiency of vitamin B 5, a woman may lose and turn gray hair, as well as peeling skin.
- Vitamin H- ensures the normal metabolism of fats and carbohydrates. With a deficiency of vitamin H, a woman is worried about persistent nausea, poor appetite, drowsiness and lethargy.
Vitamins for pregnant women 1 trimester
During the entire first trimester of pregnancy (up to and including the 12th week of gestation), it is necessary to take folic acid (vitamin B 9 or B c) at 400 mcg per day, regardless of the diet. Moreover, doctors recommend starting folic acid intake at the stage of pregnancy planning, since a small supply of this vitamin will only be useful for both the expectant mother and the fetus. Thus, it is necessary to take folic acid from the moment a woman decides to become pregnant. If the pregnancy has come unplanned, then folic acid must be taken as soon as the woman finds out about her "position".Folic acid is essential for normal canal closure spinal cord in the fetus, as well as for the subsequent normal formation of its mental functions. That is, this vitamin is necessary to ensure the normal structure of the fetal brain and the subsequent formation of normal intelligence.
The second vitamin necessary in the first trimester of pregnancy is B 6 (pyridoxine). This vitamin relieves manifestations of toxicosis, reduces nervousness and prevents calf cramps. For normal growth and development of the fetus, vitamin B 6 is especially necessary starting from the 8th week of pregnancy, since it is during this period that the formation and laying of the central nervous system takes place. And pyridoxine is necessary precisely for the proper formation and development of the fetal central nervous system. To ensure optimal intake of pyridoxine in a woman's body, it is recommended to take the complex preparation Magne-B 6 during the first trimester of pregnancy, which, in addition to the vitamin, also contains the trace element magnesium.
The third vitamin that is very important for the normal course of the first trimester of pregnancy is retinol (vitamin A). The fact is that vitamin A is necessary for the normal growth of the fetus. And at the end of the first trimester, the fetus begins to grow very intensively and increase in size, and in order for this to happen normally in compliance with all proportions of the body, it needs vitamin A. Therefore, at the end of the first and beginning of the second trimester, a pregnant woman is recommended to ensure adequate intake of vitamin A. However, it should remember that an excess of vitamin A can be harmful to the fetus, so it can only be taken in safe dosages (2000 - 4500 IU per day).
Vitamins for pregnant women 2 trimester
In the second trimester of pregnancy, it is necessary to take 1 - 2 courses of vitamins that the woman used during the first trimester, and add the following to them:- Vitamin D necessary to ensure the active and rapid growth of the fetus. If vitamin D is not enough in the second trimester of pregnancy, then the bones in the fetus will not be able to grow and harden normally, as a result of which intrauterine rickets may form;
- Vitamin E provides elasticity, rapid growth and good extensibility of various soft tissues, which is absolutely necessary when the fetus begins to grow strongly and rather quickly in size. Vitamin E provides an increase in the uterus, adequate to the size of the fetus, its good stretching without the risk of rupture and severe thinning of the wall. Also, vitamin E provides good extensibility of the skin on the abdomen, which prevents the appearance of stretch marks (stretch marks). In addition, this vitamin is involved in ensuring the formation and normal functioning of the placenta, which is necessary for the further growth and development of the fetus. With a deficiency of vitamin E, there may be a lag in the development of the fetus, as well as premature birth.
Vitamins for pregnant women 3rd trimester
In the third trimester, you can stop folic acid, because nervous system the fetus is already formed, and the need for this vitamin is minimal. In this period of pregnancy, the child is gaining weight, so he needs plastic substances and vitamins that ensure growth and active metabolism. This means that a woman needs vitamins B 6 and E until the end of pregnancy. Also, until the very birth, it is necessary to continue taking calcium and iron.Vitamins for pregnant women - typical composition
Various complex preparations for pregnant women include vitamins A, B 1, B 2, B 3, B 5, B 6, B 12, C, D, E, K, H and folic acid in various dosages and combinations. Most often, vitamins for pregnant women contain vitamins of groups B, C, E, D and A. Vitamins K and H are less often included in complex multivitamin preparations intended for pregnant women.Some complex preparations for pregnant women include not only vitamins, but also trace elements. Most often, the preparations contain zinc, iron, calcium, selenium, magnesium and iodine.
Free prenatal vitamins
Currently, in Russia, pregnant women are indeed given free vitamins. Free provision of vitamins to pregnant women is carried out on the basis of the following laws and regulations: - Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2007;
- Order of October 06, 2008 No. 748 "On drug provision for pregnant women";
- Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 50 dated January 19, 2007;
- Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 72 dated February 01, 2011.
The acquisition and distribution of free vitamins to pregnant women is carried out by territorial medical associations (TMOs). And since each TMO receives different funding, depending on the number of people attached to it, the situation with the issuance of free vitamins to pregnant women may be different. In some well-funded antenatal clinics, vitamins are given free of charge to all pregnant women in the amount they need. And in other consultations, due to the lack of necessary funding, free vitamins are given only to certain pregnant women, for example, the unemployed, those with many children, etc.
The procedure for obtaining free vitamins is simple - the gynecologist writes out a special prescription that can be used for 10 days at the state pharmacy of the area where the antenatal clinic is located. For example, if a antenatal clinic is located in the Sovietsky district of the city, then a prescription for free vitamins must also be presented at the municipal pharmacy of the same district.
Currently, the following vitamins and other drugs can be given free of charge to pregnant women:
- folic acid tablets;
- Alpha tocopherol acetate capsules;
- Vitamin E and Vitamin E Zentiva;
- Vitrum vitamin E;
- Zytrum vitamin E;
- Doppelherz vitamin E;
- Tocopherocaps;
- Tocopherol acetate 5%, 10% and 30% solution;
- Maltofer solution and tablets for oral administration;
- Fenyuls Complex;
- Ferretab complex;
- Potassium iodide;
- Iodbalance;
- Iodomarin;
- Microiodide;
- Multivitamin dragee;
- Hexavit dragee;
- Revit and Revit-UVI dragee;
- Undevit and Undevit-UVI dragee;
- Gendevit dragee;
- Beviplex dragee;
- Bio-Max tablets;
- Vitaspectrum tablets;
- Vitaress tablets;
- Vitrum tablets;
- Vitrum Prenatal, Vitrum Prenatal forte and Vitrum Superstress tablets;
- Zytrum Centuri tablets;
- Glutamevit tablets;
- Complivit, Complivit Mom, Complivit Active tablets;
- Megadin and Megadin Pronatal tablets;
- Multimax tablets;
- Multi-Tabs Active, Multi-Tabs Intensive, Multi-Tabs Classic and Multi-Tabs Perinatal tablets;
- Selmevit tablets;
- Supradin tablets;
- Teravit, Teravit Antistress, Teravit Pregna tablets;
- Tri-Vee Plus tablets;
- Ferrovit and Ferrovit forte tablets;
- Elevit Prenatal tablets.
Vitamin complexes for pregnant women - a brief description
Consider brief characteristics basic multivitamin complexes for pregnant women.Vitamins Elevit for pregnant women
Elevit vitamins for pregnant women contain 12 types of vitamins and 7 minerals. The drug contains the necessary dose of folic acid and iron, so when using the Elevit complex, you do not need to take additional folic acid or iron. However, the drug does not contain iodine, so it will have to be taken separately. Elevit can be taken throughout pregnancy, breastfeeding and at the planning stage. Vitamins Vitrum
For pregnant women, there is a special complex - Vitrum Prenatal and Vitrum Prenatal forte. The preparation contains 9 vitamins and 3 trace elements, including the necessary daily doses of folic acid and iron. Therefore, when using Vitrum, you do not need to additionally take iron and folic acid preparations. However, the drug does not contain iodine, so it will have to be taken separately. Vitrum can be taken throughout pregnancy, breastfeeding and at the planning stage.Vitamins Femibion and Femibion 2
Femibion 1, often referred to simply as Femibion, is intended to be taken during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. The drug Femibion 2 is intended for use from the 12th to the 40th week of pregnancy.Femibion 1 contains 10 vitamins, including the daily dosage of folic acid, as well as iodine. This means that against the background of the use of Femibion 1, a woman does not need to additionally take folic acid and iodine preparations. Femibion 2 contains the same 10 vitamins and iodine as Femibion 1, but in different dosages that meet the needs of a pregnant woman at 13-40 weeks of gestation. This means that when using Femibion 1 or 2, a woman will have to take additional iron and calcium supplements.
Alphabet - prenatal vitamins
In the Alphabet series of preparations for pregnant women, Mother's Health is intended. The packages of this drug contain tablets of various colors, in which different complexes of vitamins and minerals are necessary for a pregnant woman. Every day you need to take any one tablet. If a woman is allergic to any vitamin, then you can not take a pill that contains it. Three types of tablets contain vitamins, iron, calcium and iodine. Moreover, only the dosage of iodine completely covers daily requirement pregnant woman in vitamins.Vitamins Pregnacare
Vitamins Pregnacare contains 11 types of vitamins and 5 minerals, including folic acid and iron. Pregnacare contains a daily dose of folic acid, so it does not need to be taken additionally. But this drug contains a small amount of iron, so it will have to be taken additionally. Also, Pregnacare does not contain iodine at all, so this microelement will need to be taken separately.Vitamins Materna
The drug contains 10 vitamins (all groups B, as well as E, A and C) and iodine, necessary for a pregnant woman. Materna contains folic acid and iodine in the required daily dosage, so they do not need to be taken additionally. But iron preparations when using Materna, a pregnant woman will have to be taken separately.
Minisan Multivitamin Mom
A complex of 11 vitamins and 6 minerals, contains the right dose of folic acid, iron and iodine. Additional intake of other drugs is not required. A nice bonus is the good magnesium content and the favorable price.The best prenatal vitamins
In medical science and practice, in principle, the concept of “best” is not used, since in each specific situation, even for the same person, different drugs of a certain pharmacological group can become the best and most effective. Usually, the best drug in a particular situation is considered and is called optimal. Therefore, in medicine there is a concept not of the best, but of the optimal drug. Moreover, in each case, even for the same person, the optimal drug may be different, and it will be the best one in this particular situation. The same goes for prenatal vitamins.This means that it is impossible to single out 1, 2 or 3 best vitamin complexes for all pregnant women, since different preparations will be optimal for each woman. And it is the optimal vitamin preparation in this particular case that will be the best for this pregnant woman. Moreover, in the first pregnancy, one vitamin preparation may be the best for a woman, in the second - another, in the third - again the first or even the third.
Vitamins for pregnant women - reviews
At present, the overall tone of reviews of various prenatal vitamins is positive. That is, women note the positive effect of vitamins on their condition, on the basis of which they conclude that these drugs are undoubtedly beneficial. However, reviews about each specific vitamin preparation vary. So, the greatest number of positive reviews is available for the drugs Pregnacare, Elevit, Vitrum and Materna. However, each woman will have to select the drug individually, based on her own well-being and the tolerance of a particular vitamin complex. So, women note that Vitrum, Elevit and Materna can cause nausea and poor health, which completely disappear after their cancellation.
Alphabet and Femibion have slightly more negative reviews, which is associated with the peculiarities of the application and the pharmacological characteristics of the drugs. So, Femibion is not a medicine, but a dietary supplement (BAA), to which many women are distrustful, believing that they undergo insufficient control before they hit the shelves of pharmacies. As soon as women find out that Femibion is a dietary supplement, they immediately begin to treat the vitamin negatively, even if they have taken it up to this point and were quite pleased with the result. As you can see, in the case of Femibion negative feedback are not due to the properties of the drug itself, but to its belonging to a certain group.
The alphabet is not liked by women, because it often causes nausea, and also by the fact that in one package there are tablets with various vitamins and minerals that cannot be mixed and must be drunk in turn. According to women, this arrangement of the drug is confusing.
