Planting and growing onions. Winter onions: planting and care. When and how to plant winter onions. Technology for growing winter onions In which month is it better to plant onions

Onion- along with carrots, potatoes and cabbage, it is the most popular vegetable crop, which has been widely used by people for more than five thousand years.

Onions are used in cooking, medicine, and even in genotoxicological research.

The healing properties of onions are recognized by all the peoples of the world, so it is often used in folk medicine for preparing various medicines as well as in the cosmetics industry.

Planting a bow on personal plot Probably every gardener does.

When is the best time to land?

What soil is suitable for onions?

Let's look at these questions in more detail.

Varieties and features

The onion genus includes more than 500 plant species.. Only 18 of them are widely used in cooking.

Also popular and decorative types having original and beautiful flowers and leaves. But we will pay special attention to the types used for cooking.

The most common of all, of course, - onion. It is a biennial plant with long tubular leaves, very unpretentious and resistant to short-term frosts.

Batun is perennial plant also has tubular leaves. Very demanding on the structure of the soil, does not tolerate darkness.

Leek is one of the typical winter vegetable crops, has flat leaves similar to garlic, but much denser and larger.

Among other types often used also shallots, tiered bow, chives, slime, fragrant, oblique, bearish, Star of Persia, Aflatunsky, gigantic, Sicilian, yellow, Drumsticks, blue and MacLean.

Onion seeds begin to grow at a lower temperature mark of 5-6 ° C. Seedlings can easily survive light frosts.

At the beginning of its development, the plant is very demanding on soil moisture - a lack of moisture, like its excess, inhibits the ripening of the bulbs. In order to successfully grow bulbs at home or in the garden, it is necessary to use fertile soil that has a neutral composition.

As a rule, planting is carried out in those areas where the application was previously made. organic fertilizers . The preparation of the soil cover begins with its digging to the depth of humus after the crops that previously grew in this place.

In the spring, before planting, mineral fertilizers can be applied, consisting of superphosphate - 60 g, urea - 10 g, potassium chloride - 20 g (the amount of fertilizer is indicated per 1 m2).

Planting onion sets

The easiest way to grow onions is to use sets - small onions that grow in the first year after planting the seeds. You can purchase sevok as seedlings in specialized markets or stores.

Seedlings are planted in rows approximately 10-15 cm apart.. Each row should be at a distance of 30 cm from the other.

A small beam is buried in the ground by 1-1.5 cm so that its top is visible. It is not recommended to press the seedlings into the ground; it is best to first make small holes with a garden shovel.

Planting seeds

When choosing the time when to plant onions, you should monitor the temperature.

The most suitable time is the middle of spring when the danger of severe frost has passed.

Sowing should be done directly into the soil, previously well-moistened, but in dry weather. On the site, you need to make shallow holes 2-2.5 cm. The distance between the holes is 30 cm. Seeds need to be laid out 3-4 pieces for every 20 cm. Then the holes need to be carefully buried and rolled into the ground.

If you sow onions with a continuous tape, then the seedlings will often have to be thinned out. The period of emergence of seedlings depends on the temperature of the soil, and can be about 20 days. Sowing can also be carried out in soil covered with a film, then the planting dates will be pushed back 2-3 weeks earlier.

Talking about how to plant onions correctly, you should not forget about the preliminary preparation of planting material. Seeds are checked for germination a month before planting. Then they put it on a gauze cloth and keep it in for 15 minutes. hot water and then 1 minute in cold.

The seeds are then left on a damp cloth dipped in warm water, for a day. Before planting, the seeds are kept in water at room temperature for two days.

Seeds must be sorted by size for uniform germination. The largest bulbs are planted first, then the medium ones, and the small ones last.

A few days before planting, you need to warm up the seedlings at a temperature of 35-40 ° C. If the onion is not warmed up, then it will grow into arrows. For the prevention of various diseases, sevok can be placed for 10 minutes in a solution blue vitriol.

Care consists in timely weeding and watering.. It is necessary to loosen the onion beds 2.5-3 cm deep once every two weeks. Regardless of the method of planting, watering in hot weather should be done once a week. In strong sunshine, it is worth treating watering with special care so as not to touch the green feathers from the bulbs. Otherwise, they will quickly turn yellow and dry out.

Depending on the scheme and landing technology the onion heads either become large, sprouting thin tall feathers, or remain small, growing into leaves that grow tall and thick.

Onions are harvested when the growth of new feathers stops, and the old ones are adjacent to the ground. As a rule, this period falls at the end of August - the beginning of September. If it is not removed in time, it will resume its growth, but then the bulbs will no longer be suitable for storage and will quickly rot.

After harvest, each bulb must be washed, cleaned of feathers and husks, and then laid out on paper in a dry, ventilated place. After 2-3 weeks, the bare onion will acquire new golden scales, and it can be safely removed to the basement for storage.

Onions are no longer exotic on suburban area On the contrary, it is strange when it is not there. Despite its wide distribution and popularity, not all gardeners know how to grow it. This is a rather capricious culture and any deviation in agricultural technology leads to a deterioration in the quality of the crop. An excessively "evil" onion grows with a lack of moisture at the beginning of the growing season, a small head is formed during a dense planting and at the wrong depth, non-compliance with crop rotation and violation of the rules of care leads to the development of diseases and affects keeping quality.

Often summer residents get such a crop, half of which is not stored until the middle of winter, and the other half is suitable only for borscht because of the pronounced spiciness. What features need to be considered in order to properly plant onions and avoid many problems?

Onions love lighted areas and do not tolerate lowlands with heavy waterlogged soils. Good predecessors for him will be cabbage, cucumber and nightshade. These crops do not have common pests and diseases with onions, and since their cultivation is accompanied by the introduction of high doses of organic and mineral fertilizers, then the soil is still quite nutritious.

Also, onions can go after zucchini and peas, but it is undesirable to occupy areas that were previously under carrots, since fresh organic matter is not brought under this crop, and onions require fertile soil. Also, the site after it is released late, you may not have time to prepare it for a new landing. You can plant carrots after onions, good joint landings and the proximity of the beds (they scare pests away from each other).

It is possible to return the plant to its original place no earlier than after 3 years, and with a high incidence of diseases - only after 5 years. Planting onions on a head in spring should be carried out in loose and moderately moist soil, therefore, in autumn, the site should be dug up on a shovel bayonet, and in spring it should only be harrowed with a rake and leveled.

If necessary, compost or humus and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are introduced in the fall. To neutralize the soil solution on acidic soils, chalk or lime is added. Plots where fresh manure was introduced are recommended to be occupied with onion only for 2 years.

In poorly warmed areas with heavy clay soil, wide ridges are cut in autumn, on which planting will be carried out.

When is an onion planted?

The exact dates of disembarkation are determined by the prevailing weather conditions and soil temperature. Onion is a cold-resistant crop, but when planted in cold soil, it will shoot, which will reduce the quality of the crop.

On the other hand, the procedure must be completed when there is still a supply of moisture in the soil, the need for which the onions have at the beginning of growth is great. And the relatively long growing season of this crop does not forgive delay.

Planting material preparation

Planting material (sevok), stored in a warm way(18-20ºC at 60-70% humidity), does not require any procedures to activate growth processes. A week before planting, it is sorted out, discarding dried, sprouted and rotting bulbs, and sorted, dividing into 2-3 fractions.

The smallest fraction (diameter less than 1.5 cm) is recommended to be sown in more early dates, since it doesn't give arrows. Sevok from the middle fraction (diameter 1.5-2 cm) gives the most good harvest, but on condition that the landing is made in sufficiently warm soil. Large onions (more than 3 cm in diameter) can be used to grow onions for feathers or to get turnips for canning, as they often give arrows, which affects keeping quality.

If the planting material was stored at low temperatures(in the attic, in the cellar, etc.), then 2-3 weeks before planting, it must be transferred to a warm room and dried (you can simply put a container with sevka near the battery, but not very close).

Calibrated seeds are heated at a temperature of 40ºC for 8 hours to destroy internal infection(can be put on the battery in a cardboard box). Before planting, the bulbs are soaked in hot water for 12-24 hours. Instead of water, you can use a weakly concentrated solution of complex fertilizers.

Immediately before planting, the planting material is treated for 15 minutes with a pale solution of potassium permanganate or a fungicide (for example, copper sulphate). After processing, rinsing in clean warm water is required.

Some summer residents trim the "tails" of the seedlings to speed up germination. However, this procedure damages the protective barrier and opens the door for infection, so it is better to get by with soaking, which will already halve the time before germination.

Planting technique for onion sets

Shallow grooves are cut on the leveled bed. The distance between the grooves should be 15-20 cm, so that it is convenient to take care of the plants. If the soil is not moist enough, the grooves are shed with water. Onions respond well to the introduction of wood ash and sand into the furrows.

In the prepared bed, you can plant the processed sevok. The bulbs are buried bottom down to the "shoulders", and then sprinkled with earth, so that a 2 cm layer is obtained on top. Surface plantings will give earlier shoots, but it will not work to get a good turnip with this technique.

Sevoc in a row is placed at a distance of 6-10 cm (depending on the variety). Some summer residents advise planting it in a compact “snake” in order to obtain not only bulbs, but also greens from one bed. As the plants grow in a row, thin out, removing the bulbs along with the feather. This method is convenient on a small bed, when there is confidence that it will be thinned out in a timely manner.

How to grow a head from seeds in one season?

Growing onions on a turnip in the Non-Black Earth Region, on Far East and in Siberia it occurs in a two-year culture, i.e., first, sevok is obtained from seeds, from which a turnip is grown the next year. In the southern regions and Central Russia, some sweet and peninsular varieties and hybrids can form a marketable bulb from seeds in one season. To get a turnip immediately from seeds, you need to carry out early spring and winter sowing or use seedlings.

If weather conditions allow, then onions can be sown as early as the end of April, immediately in open ground. To speed up the germination of seeds, they must be placed in warm water or a solution of growth stimulants for 1-2 days.

Sowing is best done on high ridges. Seeds are sown to a depth of about 2 cm, using a tape method with a distance between the tapes of 20 cm. Thus, if the ridge is 1 meter wide, then 4-5 rows can fit on it. Seedlings need regular watering and thinning twice. The first time is thinned out a few days after mass shoots, leaving an interval of 2 cm between plants, and the second time - in the phase of 2-3 true leaves with an interval of 6 cm.

In winter, seeds are sown from late October to mid-November. Podzimny sowing is characterized by an increased seeding rate (3 times) and mulching of crops with peat. Seedlings appear earlier, so the bulb ripens earlier.

Through seedlings, mainly sweet lettuce varieties are grown. Sowing seedlings in a heated greenhouse is carried out in early March. It is possible to grow seedlings at home, but only with sufficient lighting. When sown in nutrient soil, seedlings require only regular watering. Plants are planted in open ground at the age of 55 days (they should already have 3-4 true leaves). To do this, choose a cloudy day or evening. Planted with a row spacing of 25 cm, between plants in a row they stand 6-8 cm.

The best varieties and hybrids

Onions are very sensitive to the length of daylight hours, so for planting, you need to choose only zoned varieties or achievements of local selection. Varieties bred in the northern regions, in the south with a short daylight hours, may not form a bulb at all. When creating your own collection of favorites in the garden, include representatives from different groups in it. Spicy varieties are distinguished by high keeping quality and productivity, semi-sharp and sweet varieties have good taste.

A guaranteed harvest can be obtained by planting old local varieties. IN different regions Strigunovsky, Rostov local, Bessonovsky, Spassky, Mstersky, Pogarsky, Timiryazevsky received national fame. They are regionalized quite widely and are known to gardeners throughout Central Russia and beyond.

Of the widely zoned sharp varieties and hybrids, it is worth noting Golden Semko, Centurion and Stuttgarter Riesen.

Golden Semko - early ripe with a large rounded golden onion, which is formed in one season immediately from seeds; gives a high yield; cultivated in all regions of Russia.

Centurion - a little arrowing hybrid with a medium-early ripening period; bulbs are golden, medium-sized, slightly elongated; disease resistant.

Stuttgarter Riesen - mid-season with large, slightly flattened bulbs.

Peninsular varieties for Central Russia: Zolotnichok, Odintsovets, Sputnik, Myachkovsky 300, Red Baron.

golden - medium early with golden rounded bulbs.

Myachkovsky 300 - early high-yielding with flattened yellow bulbs of medium size; suitable for growing turnips directly from seeds.

Red Baron - early ripening; bulbs are dark purple, rounded, weighing up to 150 g.

Good varieties and hybrids of sweet onions: Exhibition, Ritmo, Comet.

Exhibition - medium maturity with large oval bulbs yellow color; suitable for growing in an annual crop from seeds; has a high yield, but low keeping quality.

Comet - late deadline ripening with white large bulbs; resistant to disease and suitable for long-term storage.

It can be difficult for beginner gardeners to decide which onion to plant on the head. After all, not only taste and productivity are important here, but also keeping quality and disease resistance. Moreover, the same variety in different soil and climatic conditions can show different results. Therefore, select up to 5 different varieties in order to highlight your favorites in 2-3 seasons.

The subtleties of plant care

Young seedlings need regular (1-2 times a week) and moderate watering, followed by loosening of row spacing to restore aeration of the roots. With the beginning of the formation of the head, the frequency of irrigation is reduced, and a month before harvesting they are not carried out at all for the successful ripening of the bulb. However, in case of severe drought, it is recommended to carry out sprinkling with a small amount of water.

Seedlings are a serious threat weeds, so weeding should be timely. Hilling of plants and close loosening is not allowed. Weeds in the row are removed manually so as not to damage the bulb with a weak root system.

Many summer residents are advised to carry out one or even two top dressing per season. However, there is no need for them on fertile soils seasoned with organic matter since autumn. On poor soils, the first top dressing with liquid organic fertilizers (horse manure, bird droppings, mullein) is carried out about a month after planting. The second top dressing is carried out during the period of turnip formation, using phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. To prevent root burns, top dressing is carried out after moistening the soil and before watering.

When growing onions on your land, you must remember that the key to an excellent harvest will be a properly planted set. Usually, the planting dates for any garden crops fall in the spring. And onions are no exception to this rule. This article will be devoted to the question of how to plant onion sets in the spring.

Landing dates

Naturally, the most optimal time there will be spring for planting any plant. But for each crop, the timing of planting in the ground varies in a fairly wide range. As for the onion, there are no specific dates for it that gardeners can easily rely on. It is usually recommended to plant sevok during the period when the land is on garden plot warmed up to a depth of about 6-10 centimeters. As a result, to determine when to plant onion seedlings, you just need to focus on the weather.

In warm and early spring, sevok can be planted at the end of April. It must be remembered that it is impossible to plant onions in cold ground. But it’s also not worth delaying the landing too. Therefore, in order not to miss the right time, you should focus on the temperature of the soil. It should not be lower than +12°С.

Another point that must be taken into account when determining the timing of planting seed material is the size of the set. If it is small, then it should be planted very early. In such a situation, possible spring frosts they will not be afraid of the onion and it will tolerate them perfectly, without prejudice to the future harvest. At the same time, small specimens quickly form arrows during early planting.

Larger planting material should be planted a little later. In this case, the time when you need to plant sevok comes after the final warming. Early planting of such specimens will lead to abundant arrow formation.

Remember that the right planting dates significantly increase the chances of getting an excellent and, most importantly, tasty harvest at the end of the growing season.

Video “We plant onions in the ground”

How to grow onions is discussed in the video.

Soil preparation and planting material

In addition to correctly determined planting dates for seedlings, its preparation is important. At the same time, preparation is carried out not only for seed material, but also for soil. If this is not done, then there is a high risk of the formation of a large number of arrows, which will negatively affect the taste of the onion head. In this regard, it is necessary to plant sevok only after careful preparation.

Let's start with how the soil is prepared. Naturally, in this matter the most important point there will be a properly selected site for growing crops. Planting onions is recommended in a garden or garden area that is freed from snow early. At the same time, this plant loves well-lit and ventilated areas. Both of these factors will serve as a natural protection of plantings from powdery mildew.

The land in the selected area should be weed-free and fertile enough. It is also necessary to avoid areas where frequent stagnant water is observed. Excessive water will have a detrimental effect on the onion head. Because of this, it can begin to rot right in the soil.

When choosing a site to plant onions on it, it is necessary to take into account the level of acidity of the earth. In an acidic environment, this culture does not develop well. Therefore, with high acidity, lime should be added to the soil. Thus, it will be possible to quickly and effectively reduce the acidity of the medium to a neutral level.

It is also worth knowing that onions cannot be planted in the same place two years in a row. Be sure to follow the rules of crop rotation. The best predecessors for onions there will be the following cultures:

• beans;
• peas;
• tomatoes;
• cabbage;
• zucchini or pumpkin.

Soil preparation itself begins in the fall, after harvesting. In order for the planting of seed to be successful next year in the spring, it is necessary to carry out the following preparatory actions in the fall:

• site digging. Reforging should be done to the depth of a shovel. Usually the depth of digging is 15-20 cm;
• after that the earth is leveled;
• some gardeners recommend fertilizing during this period. Often, unrotted manure is used for these purposes. For top dressing in this situation, peat-dung compost can also be used. Remember that it is strictly forbidden to fertilize (especially humus and chicken manure) before planting seeds. Otherwise, intensive growth of greenery and inhibited development of the head will be observed. In addition, there will be many times more weeds.

After that, the site is left alone until next spring.

Before planting onion seed, it is necessary to properly prepare not only the soil, but also the seed itself. Please note that only those specimens that have a beautiful and healthy appearance, without various mechanical defects, are allowed for preparation.

When buying planting material, it must be dried well. In a situation where the sevok was obtained with one's own hand, it should be stored in winter at a temperature not lower than + 18 ° С. It is necessary to plant such seed material only after warming up.

Warming up a set is a laborious and lengthy process, which consists of the following steps:

• sowing at a temperature of + 20 ° C should be kept for 15-20 days;
• after that we place it in conditions with a temperature regime in the range of + 30-40 ° С. Under such conditions, the sevok should be about 8-10 hours.

Please note that in the second stage, warm up the onion, it is important not to overexpose it. Before planting the planting material warmed up in this way, it is recommended to treat the seedlings with a growth stimulator.

If, for some reason, the seed material cannot be heated in two stages, then it must be soaked in water. The water temperature should vary between + 45-50 ° C. The duration of soaking is only 10-15 minutes. As soon as this period has expired, we place the sevok in cold water for the same 10-15 minutes. After that, we immerse the planting material in a solution prepared from a complex mineral fertilizer. In this solution, the sevok should be 5-6 hours.

Whatever method of seed preparation is used, it must be disinfected. For these purposes, a weak solution of potassium permanganate is suitable. You can also use a solution of copper sulfate by dissolving 35 grams of blue powder in 10 liters of water.

In addition to the above methods of preparing an onion head for planting, there is another "grandmother's" method. It involves the following manipulations:

• sevok must be dried at a temperature of + 20-25 ° C for one week;
• it is possible to plant planting material only after pre-soaking the bulbs in a saline solution. To prepare it, you need to place 2 tablespoons of salt in 2 liters of water. In such a solution, the planting material should stay for 3 hours;
• then it is taken out of the saline solution and washed well;
• for disinfection, we immerse the seed material in a dark solution of potassium permanganate. The bulbs should stay in it for 2 hours;
• after that, again, we wash the sevok well.

At this stage, the preparation of both soil and seed material is completed. Now you can safely plant onions in open ground.

Landing technology

Many people think that planting onions is easy. What is difficult to lower the head into the hole and cover it with earth on top. Of course, this can also be planted, but the harvest in such a situation will be far from ideal. If you want to get a plentiful and tasty harvest, then you need to correctly and strictly adhere to the technology of planting and caring for onions.

Planting the prepared sevka is as follows:

• before planting the planting material, the surface of the bed should be slightly rolled. The result should be a flat surface, which will greatly facilitate landing;
• after that, we form shallow grooves on the surface of the beds. Their depth should be about 2-4 cm. This parameter is determined based on the size of the head. If the depth was significant, then the grown bulbs will have an elongated shape. A shallow depth will lead to a poorly developed root system, and this, in turn, will lead to a small and tasteless crop;
• the distance between the furrows should be approximately 20-25 cm;
• between adjacent plants, the distance should be 7-8 cm;
• first, small bulbs should be planted, the diameter of which does not exceed one centimeter. They will not form shooters;
• after that, after 1-2 weeks, we plant larger copies of the seed. Their diameter will be 1-2 cm. If you plant them at the same time as a small set, they will go into the arrow;
• then he fills the heads with earth from above. The thickness of the top earthen layer should be approximately 2-3 cm.

When the planting is completed, it remains only to properly care for the onions in order to harvest an excellent harvest at the end of the season.

Care

When the sevok has been planted, the plantings need care, which is as follows:

• at first, thorough watering is necessary. The bed should be constantly wet and not dry out;
• after watering, the soil is loosened;
• loosening is carried out between the rows after the appearance of the first shoots;
• periodic weeding, as they can slow down the growth of onions;
• arrows that appear during growth must be removed, but only after the development of a thickening at the base of the seedlings;
• top dressing. For the first time, it is carried out when the feathers reach a height of 10-15 cm. At this time, urea and superphosphate are added.

As you can see, planting onion sets is not difficult. But you need to follow all the recommendations and steps to get a tasty and good harvest.

Video “Planting onions”

This video is about planting onions in the garden.

The most common vegetable in the garden, of course, after potatoes, onions of various varieties and types. Starting with green feathers in early spring and ending with large juicy bulbs in the rest of the year, it pleases us with its vitamin composition. In addition to its inherent nutritional properties, onions are indispensable in folk medicine, especially in winter time years with his period of colds viral infections. It is impossible to replace it with another product that has the same set of useful qualities.

When to plant onion sets in the ground

To obtain a good harvest of onions, it is necessary to carefully adhere to the agricultural technology of its cultivation. From the moment of sowing seeds to obtaining a full-fledged vegetable, it usually takes at least two years. In the first year, in open ground, seeds are grown from seeds, which are small onions no larger than 3 cm in size. When they are planted in the garden next year, a full-sized product is obtained at the output.

Factors affecting the yield of onion sets

• growth temperature;
• onion planting site;
• soil preparation.

Onion is a hardy plant. Adults are able to withstand frosts down to minus five degrees, and young sevok gives the first shoots at minus 1 degree. Therefore, early sowing and late harvesting is not an obstacle to growing onions. The normal agrotechnical temperature range is between 12-26 degrees. With an average growing season of three months, any onion variety fits into favorable temperature conditions.

Choosing a landing site, preference should be given sunny places avoiding lowlands and shading. Sandy and loamy soils - perfect option to get a good yield. Determining what kind of soil is on the planned site is quite simple. When digging up the beds, pay attention to how the soil comes off the tool web:

Crop rotation is of great importance. It is not necessary to plant sevok in the same place for more than 3 years. Regularly alternating it with potatoes, cabbage, cucumbers, legumes, you can create favorable conditions for its growth in open ground. If you plant it next to carrots, it will help. im both fighting the neighbor's pests.

Soil preparation for planting onions is carried out in the fall by applying rotted manure and mineral fertilizers to the site, followed by digging the site with a shovel. Options for organic additions can range from chopped weed residues, but no seeds, to rotting contents of compost heaps. It is possible to use natural fertilizer based on peat - humate. From mineral, it is preferable to use nitroammofoska, which has a complex of necessary elements for plant nutrition.

Fertilizing in the fall in the soil is more preferable than adding directly under the plant during growth. The second option leads to the growth of green mass, and not the turnip itself. In the spring, only seasonal soil replenishment is performed.

If the soil has an increased acidity, then it is necessary to add components to it that reduce its level. This is ash, lime, chalk. But it should be borne in mind that the simultaneous application of these elements and organic fertilizers is unacceptable, since the result of their interaction leads to a decrease in the nitrogen content in the soil. If the processing still needs to be carried out, then it must be spaced in time for autumn and spring.

When to plant onion sets in the ground

There are no strict requirements for the time when to plant onions. It can be planted both in spring and autumn. If you have to do this for the first time, then you should try both options and evaluate the result after harvesting.

You can plant in the spring only as the soil warms up. Having sorted the bulbs by size, preference should be given to smaller ones and planted early. Large bulbs are planted later, preventing their pasture into the arrow from premature planting. If this is the first test growing sevka, then it is better for beginners to play it safe and choose a medium-sized onion. So there will be at least some guarantee of a harvest. Before planting, the seed must be processed according to the following method:

If the seed has a weak root system, then it is advisable to treat it with growth stimulants. This will allow you to achieve 100% onion germination..

In the fall, it is advisable to plant the smallest seedlings, which risks not being stored until spring. Being in a dry room and not having a sufficient supply of mass, it will simply dry out and disappear until spring. Two weeks before the arrival of frost, the seedlings are planted in the ground, where it is located before the onset of heat. Storage conditions in the soil do not allow it to lose its nutrients over the winter, and the extended growing season contributes to an increased yield.

Seed planting technology

Landing in previously prepared soil is carried out in rows with a distance of 25 cm between them. This is quite enough to carry out various agrotechnical measures of weeding, loosening. Depending on the size of the bulb, the distance between them is chosen within 8–13 cm. The depth of occurrence should be 2–3 cm. It is in this position that the roots of the plant will be in the moist soil layer. A shallower planting will lead to an active growth of green mass to the detriment of the development of the root system. Greater depth will make it difficult for the sevka to germinate and will shift the ripening time. Non-compliance with the recommended parameters will inevitably affect the results in the fall.

plant care

After the appearance of the first greenery, onion care consists in regular weeding, watering and loosening the soil. Periodically, it is necessary to irrigate with infusion of mullein, fermented grass or bird droppings. The concentration of these dressings is important, which should not exceed 1 liter of tincture per 10 liters of water. In case of non-observance of proportions, it is possible to burn the plants with an increased content of fertilizers.

As the greens lodging, you need to check the condition of the bulbs. If their roots begin to dry out, then you can start harvesting. Having dug up the onion, it must be dried well in the shade under a canopy until the tops and roots are completely dry. Putting in boxes can be sent to storage.

Getting a good harvest of onion sets is quite real. One has only to make some efforts, spending a minimum amount of time on growing an unpretentious vegetable.

Not all novice summer residents know when to plant onion sets in open ground in order to see an enviable harvest of not only greens, but also heads. This is the name of the bulbs collected in the first year of their germination. Then they are used as seed raw materials for the production of onions or greens.

When to plant onion sets in open ground?

You can plant onion sets in open ground both in spring and autumn on a feather or on a turnip. First, small onions are rooted and next year they are seated a second time. Heads before planting need to be sorted, selected:

1. The smallest ones are up to 1 cm, they are rooted early, such bulbs are not able to form an arrow.
2. Later, the best onion sets 1-2 cm in size are planted.
3. Sevoc more than 2 cm grow to get greenery on the feather. For the most part, massive bulbs give out an arrow, and a high-quality dense turnip is not formed from them.

Planting dates for onion sets:

1. The backlog is planned for the middle spring. Often, onion sets are sown in late April - early May. The main thing is that the earth at this time should be warmed up 10 cm down. Onions up to 1 cm in size are always planted first, after 1-2 weeks more massive heads are rooted.
2. Onion sets are also recommended to be planted in the fall. This should be done 30 days before the cold snap so that the soil is still warm. It is important to know when to plant onion sets outdoors in the fall. Having played it safe and sown it early, it is likely to see green arrows even before frost, and the onion will die from frost. Too late embedding in open ground is also bad. The root system will not have time to develop and the seedling will freeze.

When to buy onion sets for planting?

It is important to understand when it is better to buy onion sets for planting, so as not to keep them in the net for a long time. When the temperature during storage changes randomly, the heads can go into the arrow. The implementation of the sevka starts in February, with such a purchase it is important to pay attention so that the sevka is not frozen. Bulb sales peak in March - at this time you can find the entire range of onions. It is best to buy sevok in April - then you will not have to keep it in the house for long and with less loss. They keep the heads until immersed in open ground in a ventilated mesh and with heat deviations not more than 1-2 ° C.

Soil temperature for planting onion sets

It is unfavorable to delay the sowing of onions, as well as to sow them in the soil that has not yet been warmed up. Suitable temperature regime- a fundamental component of planting a seed, it depends on it whether it will give a strong turnip or frail arrows. It is important that the heat is:

1. About +20°С when keeping onions in a warm storage option and -2°С - 4°С in a cold one.
2. About + 40 ° C before planting - for this, the seedlings must be held in the sun or even soaked in warm water.
3. From + 10 ° С to + 15 ° С there should be a soil temperature for planting onion sets in spring in open ground. If it is slightly higher, in the region of +20°C, the feathers will sprout more likely, but will not be so juicy and will probably become bitter. With cooler indicators, the crop may not be seen at all.

When do you take the onion sets out of the fridge?

Sometimes gardeners store onion sets in the refrigerator in the vegetable compartment. It is placed in a double package - first in a bag of highly absorbent paper, which is also placed in a bag of perforated film. Paper packaging will have to be changed periodically so that the bulbs do not fog up. It is advisable to adapt canvas bags for storage, the main thing is that the container provides the heads with excellent air circulation.

Before using the cold onion storage option, it must be warmed up for 14 days at a temperature of + 32-36 ° C. When springtime comes and the landing time is approaching, 2 weeks before touching the open ground, the seedlings are taken out of the refrigerator and heated at the same temperature. Only then will the raw material be prepared for sowing on the site.

When to plant onion sets according to the lunar calendar?

When is it better to plant onion sets in open ground this year will tell you. It will help to competently plan work in accordance with the position of the celestial month and the signs of the Zodiac and see a decent harvest. Planting onion sets in spring lunar calendar- auspicious days:

• in February 18, 21 - 26;
• in March 1, 3 - 5, 20 - 21, 24 - 26, 29;
• in April 1, 18, 21 - 22, 25 - 29;
• in May 18 - 19, 22 - 28.

Terms of planting onion sets on a turnip

Large turnips grow from small onions, and seed larger than 2 cm always shoots arrows - it is used on. The smallest sevok on a turnip is best planted before winter, because it can dry out during the winter. The best period for disembarkation is from late October to early November (30 days before persistent cold weather). You can navigate by an external thermometer: when the temperature has dropped to + 5 ° C and does not rise for several days, it's time to plant onions.

It is not too late to do this in early spring - it is rooted very first. The timing of planting onion sets on a turnip in spring depends on the weather. The procedure is carried out when the earth warms up and the risk of return frosts disappears. When focusing on the clues of nature, the time has been touched by the flowering of crocuses and bird cherry. Terms of planting sevka on a turnip:

1. In the south - the end of March - the beginning of April.
2. In the conditions of the Volga region - from the end of April to the beginning of May.
3. IN middle lane- in May throughout the month.
4. In the Urals and Siberia - in late May - early June.