Do-it-yourself disc sander for wood. Do-it-yourself wood sanding machine. Homemade wood grinder - an example of a successful design

Useful thing In workshop. For those who work with wood, such a device is simply necessary, as it is universal, which greatly simplifies the work. But, unfortunately, such machines have a rather high price and therefore have to be invented. This article will discuss a functional, and most importantly convenient, grinding machine, with detailed drawings and photos. Each item is considered in detail, and if something is not clear, you can always watch the video.

Introduction

There are many options for different grinders, but the most important thing is that it be easy to use. This design option meets many requirements, and captivates with its simplicity, but at the same time functionality. A distinctive feature of this design is that a conventional drill is used as a driving element, and its installation takes less than one minute, and most importantly, it is easy to remove it from the machine and use it for your own purposes.

This article will cover all step by step steps creating a universal grinding machine, but before starting work, you need to prepare well and calculate the full amount of work.

Preparation for work

You can’t do without a tool, so you need to prepare a high-quality and serviceable hand and power tool, namely:

• Sawing machine (or from a jigsaw;
• Milling machine;
• grinding machine or ;
• Drill or (and, of course,);
• Electric jigsaw with;
• Drilling machine;
• . such as "Cyclone".
• Various hand tools (tape measure, pencil, screwdriver, etc.).

Before starting work, it is important that all the material is at hand, then the work will go quickly and smoothly. Thus, to assemble a stationary grinder, we need the following material:

• sheet (size 25 * 36.5 cm);
• fasteners (bolts, nuts; screws, etc.); sealed bearings;
• furniture fittings;
• metal stand;
• sanding belt.

In order to make any workpiece from, you need to know the basic characteristics of the material. In the article "" some characteristics were given (thickness dependence, number of layers, deviations, thickness differences, etc.). An additional table may be useful:

Plywood brand	Bakelized plywood	Aviation plywood	Construction plywood
Sheet thickness*	5-18	1-12
Water resistance	High	Above average	FSF - increased FC - medium
Density, kg/m3	About 1,000	500-650	Depending on the type of wood: softwood plywood density– 660 hardwood plywood density - 800
Tensile strength, MPa	Along the fibers - 80	Shirts - 65-80	—

Main structural elements

The manufactured machine has quite simple design, and consists of the following elements:

1. Base;
2. Tabletop for placing blanks;
3. Two side covers of the case;
4. One leading roller and two slaves;
5. Tape adjustment mechanism.

Manufacturing of a grinding machine

Side covers

Before cutting, you need to mark up. To do this, you need to determine the size and shape of the workpiece itself. Below is shown detailed drawing details.

An example of marking the side cover of the grinding machine is shown in the photo below.

For more convenient cutting of internal parts and critical elements, you can drill holes with an electric jigsaw and sawing machine. For accurate and high-quality work, it is better to use a substrate. Please note that the cutout for the movable roller is needed on only one workpiece.

The main parts of the part requiring holes are shown in the photo.

After, only on one of the blanks, we cut out a smaller hole for the bracket. It is better to work with a jigsaw, while it is better to fix the structure with clamps.

The second part of the cover is not needed yet, since the main work will be carried out with one part of the wall. After that, you can start gluing the base for the bearings. For gluing the squares, ordinary PVA glue, wood glue or any other glue intended for wood is used. The size of wooden squares is 5 * 5 centimeters.

After that, the glued elements must be fastened with clamps or left under pressure for a while. It is important to ensure reliable contact when gluing blanks.

It's time to cut the hole for the bearing. Best of all, a milling cutter will cope with this task. After cutting, excess elements can be removed with a knife or other cutting tool.

As a result, if all the work was done correctly, the following design will be obtained.

We press the bearings on both sides, as shown in the photographs. These bearings will be designed for the drive shaft.

After that, with the help of a hexagon, the fittings are installed in a pre-prepared hole.

As in the case of bearings, furniture fittings are installed on both sides.

The next step to do is to install the shelves. The largest shelf, consists of a board and has a size of 32.5 * 6.5 cm and has a thickness of 1 cm. Installed with four self-tapping screws, as shown in the photo.

The second shelf measures 22.8*6.5 cm, with the same thickness. Attaches with three screws.

And the last shelf has dimensions of 10.2 * 65 cm, 1 cm thick and is attached to two self-tapping screws.

After that, both blanks are finished, and now you can proceed to the next step - assembling the mechanism for adjusting the position of the sanding belt.

Assembling the Tape Adjustment Mechanism

We begin the assembly of the main moving element of a stationary grinding machine. First, you need to glue two bars together. The larger beam is 6.8 * 4 cm in size, the smaller one is 3.2 * 3.8 cm in size. The smaller beam should be exactly in the center of the larger one.

While the movable element dries, you can start gluing the retainer. To do this, you need to glue two cubes 2 * 2 cm in size and 1.8 cm thick on both sides of the beam 7.8 * 2 cm. It should turn out as in the photo.

Next, we drill a hole on the side, but not through, we also install the fittings. A handle will be inserted into it to adjust the tape. After all the steps have been completed, the part is ready.

Then, you need to make a hole for the drive nut in the latch, this is done in two stages. The first one involves drilling out the seat with a feather drill or a Forstner drill.

If all the steps are performed correctly, you will get the same blank as shown in the picture below.

Everything is ready, and you can start pressing the nut. It is important to install the nut evenly so that it "sits" in a special hole and is "flush". It should turn out like this:

The blanks are completed, you just need to place them on the wall of the future grinding machine. But before that, you need to drill a hole in the side. It will help to install the adjustment knob for the position of the sanding belt.

We install the latch, with a movable element, using two self-tapping screws. It is important that the moving part is placed on the correct side. The futorka should be directed towards the hole. Here is what should happen in the end.

Two blanks will be enough. We drill a through hole in the middle and insert a bolt into it. After that, we install the handles in the side sleeve of the movable element and in the drive nut of the latch. As a result, the following construction will turn out.

Production of rollers

Rollers are movable, and the most important element of the entire system. Therefore, it is important to make them as high quality as possible. As in the case of handles, we make them using a crown drill. It is necessary to cut out six parts of the driven rollers.

As well as other parts of a stationary grinder, they can be glued with PVA glue or wood glue. To compress the blanks when gluing, it is better to use screws and nuts with washers. The photo below shows how to do it.

After gluing, you can remove the screws and prepare the rollers for further work. In the driven rollers, you need to install two bearings, in the drive roller you need to install two drive nuts. The procedure was carried out before, so it makes no sense to describe it again. As a result, you should get the following result:

Everything is installed, which means that you can tighten one bolt with a nut on all rollers of the grinding machine. It is important to tighten the nuts so that the bearing has free play. Now you can proceed to the penultimate stage.

Installing rollers

First, you need to install the drive roller in the cover where the bearing is located. So, as shown in the photo.

The last shelf is attached on top and our machine takes on a similar shape. The time has come for the final stage.

The final stage

The first thing to do is to attach the second cover of the machine to the hinges.

Then put the base of the machine on the screws, for greater stability.

After that, the sanding belt is installed and fixed.

Then the tabletop is made. It is important that the tape has free play, and should not cling.

And at the end, a drill stand is installed.

Conclusion

Outcome

Our handmade grinder is ready! If you follow all the instructions described above, you will get a real friend and helper who will rightfully take his rightful place in the workshop.

Dimensions

Here is a table with the overall dimensions of our homemade tool:

The dimensions of the walls and adjacent elements:

Dimensions of bracket elements:

Table top dimensions: Vkontakte

Grinding equipment is used for finishing parts. The machine performs finishing technological operations in the manufacture of wood and metal products. A significant advantage of such a device is the possibility of its self assembly. Homemade unit somewhat inferior in performance to factory models, but much cheaper.

The working principle and characteristics of the grinding machine

Grinders differ from each other in design and scope. general characteristics tool - a similar principle of operation. The working mechanism rotates and the abrasive material grinds the surface of the part.

When choosing finished equipment or making a machine with your own hands, it is necessary to take into account the main characteristics of such equipment:

1. Power. When using the machine at home, a power of 400 watts is enough. To perform production tasks, high efficiency and productivity of the unit will be required - at least 1 kW.
2. The speed of rotation of the working mechanism. The grinding abrasive element performs up to 3000 revolutions per minute per minute. The higher the rotation speed, the better the processing quality. Experts recommend using units with an indicator of at least 500.
3. processing area. This parameter is determined based on the scope. The larger the width of the drums or sanding belt, the larger the products will be sanded.
4. Device dimensions. Dimensions are an important parameter, which largely depends on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe workshop or workshop. At self-manufacturing the machine is designed so that after its installation there is enough space for placing tools, workpieces, consumables and other equipment.

Features of different grinding machines

Depending on the configuration of the abrasive unit, the following types of machines are distinguished.

tape device- grinder. The machine is equipped with an abrasive belt, which wears out over time and requires periodic replacement. Using the unit, you can remove a layer of rust from metal, correct the dimensions of the product in some planes, clean and shape wooden parts.

Positive aspects of tape machines:

• universality;
• small dimensions and light weight;
• the possibility of self-production;
• Adjustable belt length for sanding and polishing items of various sizes.

Advice. When equipping belt grinding equipment, it is better to choose graphite abrasives - they are the most wear-resistant.

drum machine works on the principle of a drill. The grinding part of the device rotates from the engine at a speed of about 2000 rpm. The main purpose is the calibration of flat long workpieces. A drum-type unit is more difficult to manufacture, but such a home-made wood grinder will allow you to process slats, shield surfaces made of MDF, chipboard, veneered material and wood.

disk device(dish machine). It is quite possible to assemble the unit yourself, as it has a simple device. Disc machines are characterized by the following features:

• compact dimensions and ease of use for domestic purposes;
• good performance with a powerful electric motor;
• the possibility of polishing workpieces of cone-shaped, spherical and cylindrical shape.

Combined grinding machine - a combination of the functions of flat and cylindrical grinding equipment. One device is equipped with a grinding wheel and an abrasive belt. This option is best suited for small workshops and garages, where the installation of two units at once is problematic.

Homemade belt sander

Accessories for belt type devices

Homemade grinding machine for metal or wood has the following design:

1. The bed is the base of the machine. The working base of the structure is usually made static - it is screwed to the floor. Sometimes the equipment is additionally equipped with wheels for ease of movement.
2. Working platform for the subsequent placement of the electric motor.
3. Electrical engine. As a rule, the drive is installed near the larger diameter drive roller.
4. Leading and driven tension roller. In self-manufacturing, you can use improvised materials made of metal or wood high density. To prevent the tape from rolling off the shaft, the diameter of the central part of the rink should be 2 mm smaller than at the edge. To prevent slippage of the tape on the drums, it is desirable to wind a thin layer of rubber.
5. The belt tensioning mechanism consists of a lever and a clamping spring. The lever is fixed to the frame and the driven tension roller.

Important! For processing steel or wood, paper- or fabric-based tapes are used. Tape width - 5-31 cm, length - from 11 cm, grain size from R-80.

Manufacturing technology of the belt assembly

Homemade belt grinders for wood or metal can be made from the following materials:

• electric motor with a shaft speed of about 1300-1600 rpm;
• steel pipes not less than 2 mm in thickness;
• corners with a section of 50 * 50 * 5, 25 * 20 * 1.5 - the number is determined by the dimensions of the equipment;
• magnetic stand for fixing metal blanks;
• bearing supports, ball screws;
• shafts for fastening the tape;
• rail guides.

Work sequence:

The described type of machine is more suitable for grinding flat metal workpieces.

Homemade drum sander

Drum-type equipment device

The drum grinder belongs to the class of calibration models. The main element of the device is a grinding drum that gives smoothness to wooden surfaces.

Elements of the basic configuration:

• bed;
• engine;
• planer drum with emery tape;
• feed drum with conveyor belt;
• mechanism for adjusting the speed of the drum;
• stands for fixing the position of the grinding drum;
• protective cover;
• dust extractor.

Homemade wood grinder: drawing

Step-by-step instructions for creating a machine

Stage 1. Motor selection. Fits old engine washing machine. Remove the pulleys, belt and electrical part from the equipment. It is desirable to give preference to an asynchronous single-phase electric motor of 200-300 W, 1500-2000 rpm.

Stage 2. Drum making. Suitable for creating pvc pipe, wooden rings and other improvised items. A PVC drum kit is made as follows:

1. From plastic pipe cut a piece of the desired length with a diameter of 10 cm.
2. Prepare end caps from wood with holes in the center of 2 cm.
3. Fasten the end elements to the pipe with screws.
4. Pass a steel bar 15-20 mm thick through the hole.
5. Stick a rubber sheet on top of the pipe.
6. Using a stapler, fix the sandpaper on the drum.

Stage 3. Preparation of the desktop and bed. The body is made of wood:

1. Wooden canvas "cut" into side panels(2 pcs.), spacer, details of the worktop (base and movable component).
2. Assemble and strengthen the structure with a cross member. The internal spacer will additionally act as a support for the adjustment screw.
3. To be able to control the course of the working surface, its movable element is fixed with a piano loop to the base. An adjusting screw is installed on the feed side of the workpiece.

Stage 4. The assembly is performed in the following sequence:

Stage 5. Fixing the protective cover and commissioning.

DIY grinding tools

In addition to overall machines, small ones can also come in handy in everyday life. practical devices for polishing metal products or grinding some parts. Many of them are quite possible to do with your own hands.

Mini grinder and "polishing" for metal

A mini-grinder is useful for home craftsmen and lovers of alterations - the device is used for high-quality cleaning of surfaces before soldering. Required Parts can be taken from an old Soviet tape recorder.

Glue fine-grained sandpaper onto a wooden round plate. This will be the working part of the grinder. To start the machine, you will need a small motor with a shaft diameter of 1.5 mm and a button. Solder the start button to the electric motor.

A 7 V AC adapter is suitable for power supply. One contact of the adapter is soldered to the switch leg, and the second to the electric motor. Fill the soldering points with hot glue. After it dries, wrap the body with heat shrink or electrical tape. The final stage is the fixation of the working grinding element.

Homemade disc grinder

A disc grinder of low power is useful for turning small-sized wooden products. For the machine shown in the photo, a 90 W three-phase transformer was used, launched through a capacitor. An engine with a speed of 2750 per minute is connected in a triangle with a starting capacitor and reverse. Connections are soldered and hidden in heat shrink.

The base is fixed on four steel rods - if necessary, quickly installed and removed. A mandrel for M14 is attached to the shaft, it is possible to install different nozzles from a grinder.

Safety precautions when working on homemade grinding equipment

When performing work on the machine, it is worth adhering to a number of rules that will help protect yourself and others from possible injuries:

1. Do not touch work surfaces and moving parts with your hands.
2. Protective goggles must be worn during operation to prevent particles of hot scale and abrasive from getting into the eyes.
3. Before starting work, it is necessary to check the reliability of the fastening of the shafts, tape and disk.
4. It is important to control and check the integrity of the wire braid. If the slightest malfunction is detected, work must be suspended.
5. A protective cover must be used. The element somewhat narrows the view, but greatly increases the level of security.

Homemade vertical grinder: video

The cost of a factory-made grinder is quite high. If a power tool is not affordable, you can try to make it yourself. On such a machine, it will be possible not only to grind wooden blanks, but also to sharpen tools. You can assemble a grinding machine with your own hands in three types: belt, disk and drum.

To assemble a belt type grinder, you will need an electric motor, a solid frame and rollers on which the belt will rotate. Be sure to have a drawing on hand or detailed diagram with all nodes and dimensions. We suggest looking at the photo for an example of a machine diagram with a wooden frame.

The following photo shows the finished design of the machine. In this embodiment, the location of the three working shafts is made so that the moving belt forms a vertical grinding plane. A belt drive is used as a drive.

Four rollers can be used in the design of the machine. One of them is leading and mounted directly on the motor shaft. The photo shows an example of such a design. Installing four rollers allows you to get two grinding planes: horizontal and vertical.

The wooden frame smooths out the vibration of a running electric motor, however, the wood is short-lived. It is optimal to cut a workpiece with a size of 50x18 cm from steel 2 cm thick. One edge of the bed is made perfectly even in order to fix the platform for the electric motor to it. For the next part, you will need steel 1 cm thick. The platform is cut out with a size of 18x16 cm, after which it is fixed to the frame with a bolted connection.

A large electric motor power for such a machine is not needed. An engine from an old washing machine will do. If a high performance grinder is required, then it is desirable to find an electric motor with a shaft speed of 1500 rpm with a power of 2.5 to 3 kW. High-quality grinding can be achieved by moving the emery belt at a speed of 20 m / s. To achieve such parameters, working drums with a diameter of 20 cm are used. If the rollers are made thinner, it will be necessary to reduce the speed of the motor shaft using a gearbox, which is extremely inconvenient.

The driving drum can be mounted on the motor shaft. If this option is not suitable, a separate unit is made. The drive shaft with bearings is fixed on the frame. A belt pulley is mounted from this end, and a drive drum is installed from the other end. Then a pulley is also placed on the motor shaft and a V-belt is put on. The driven rollers rotate arbitrarily on bearings.

Belt pulleys will have to be machined on lathe, and rollers can be made from square pieces Chipboard size 20x20 cm. The plates are stacked on top of each other until a total thickness of 24 cm is obtained. A hole is drilled in the center of the square plates, a threaded pin is inserted and the plates are tightly tightened on both sides with nuts. A square blank is machined so that a drum with a diameter of 20 cm is obtained.

During the groove of the rink, a thickening is provided in its central part. In relation to the edges of the drum, the difference should be 3 mm. Due to the thickening, the tape will not move out of the rollers. The surface of the wooden drum is covered with rubber. An old bike tube will do. The rubber will prevent the belt from slipping on the rollers.

For the manufacture of a sanding belt, cloth-based sandpaper is suitable. You can cut a single strip of the required length, the edges of which are glued end-to-end. If there is no long strip of sandpaper, cut off a strip of strong fabric and sew it into a ring. Sandpaper is cut into rectangles, and then glued to a strip of fabric. When making a sanding belt, it is important to choose a quality adhesive so that the sandpaper does not peel off.

Making a disc grinder

The disk machine is considered the easiest to manufacture. The principle of its operation resembles an ordinary electric emery. The assembly of the grinding machine is presented with an instruction with a step-by-step photo:

• The power plant of the machine is a three-phase electric motor. This choice is not accidental, since a phase change when connected allows you to organize a reverse. The motor can be connected to a 220 V network through capacitors.

• The working disk is cut out of plywood 1.5 cm thick. Two identical blanks are glued together. The result is a disk 3 cm thick. A hole is drilled strictly in the center, the diameter of which is equal to the thickness of the electric motor shaft.

• To assemble the frame, it is better to use an edged board, and the guides and the desktop are cut out of plywood 1.5 cm thick. Wood for the manufacture of the machine better fit than metal. Wood dampens motor vibrations.

• The working disk can be ground and even sharpened. It is important to choose the right abrasive materials. They must be Velcro and fit for purpose. If you need to grind a product made of stone or granite, a Turtle diamond wheel is glued onto the working disk.

• To grind a wooden blank, a sandpaper circle is glued onto the working disk.

• There are similar circles on Velcro for metal. On such a disk, you can sharpen knives, axes and other tools.

When designing a disc grinder, it is important to take care of safety. From above, the rotating working disk is covered with a protective arch. An adjustable heel is provided on the desktop, which serves as a stop for the workpiece.

The tabletop of the machine should not be varnished or painted. Over time, an unevenly worn coating will make it difficult to move the workpiece.

Production of a drum machine for grinding boards

For the manufacture of a drum machine, a frame is assembled. You will need a hardwood beam. From below, an electric motor with a pulley is attached to the frame. A drum with bearings will fit from a used conveyor. The sandpaper is cut into a tape and wound tightly end-to-end on a working roller. At the edges of the drum, the paper is fixed with clamps.

Attach the working roller from above to the frame. Under it will be the tabletop of the machine. A pulley is mounted on the drum shaft and a belt drive with a motor is created. The tabletop is made adjustable with screws so that boards of different thicknesses can be sanded. To avoid vibrations of the machine, it is advisable to fix the legs of the bed to the floor.

If you try and make an effort, then any considered unit will work no worse than a factory-made grinding machine.

1. Machine assembly materials
2. Engine selection
3. Assembly of drums and tape
4. Assembly process

The main function of wood sanders is to finish natural material with abrasive elements. Machines and fixtures of various types can have a wide range of capabilities and allow you to sharpen knives, grind decorative and furniture products, and also perform internal and external polishing of the workpiece.

Ultra-fine polishing, which gives products a perfectly smooth surface, is possible for modern units.. One of the advantages of such equipment is excellent performance and high efficiency both in the rough roughing process and in high-speed grinding.

In production, you can often find a calibrating, disc and oscillating (spindle) type of grinding units. No less popular is the disc grinder, belt grinder and drum polisher. The kinematics of all grinding devices without exception, whether it is a calibration or polishing sample, is based on rotation or movement. wood detail along a straight or arc path and simultaneous rotation of the working part of the unit, but this applies to stationary machines. If it means hand tool, then we are not talking about the movement of the workpiece, but only the grinding machine moves. Returning to stationary wood grinding machines, we note that it is better to perform high-quality surface treatment of large-sized products on tape samples. Factory equipment is not cheap, so many owners of small home workshops are increasingly interested in how to make a belt sander on their own.

The design of the belt units

To have an idea about the manufacture of a grinding unit with an emery belt, you need to familiarize yourself with its design, which includes:

• abrasive belt stretched horizontally or vertically on the bed;
• a pair of drums (drive and tension cylinders). In this case, the kinematics provides for the launch of the leading element with the help of an electric drive that transmits torque by means of a belt drive;
• a metal or wooden table, the first option making it possible to work with more complex details;
• an electric motor with a power of at least 2.8 kW, due to which the sanding belt (emery) can move at a speed of 20 m / s;
• extractor hood that removes wood dust.

There is a close relationship between the length of the working tool and the bed, as well as similar parameters of the workpieces that are subject to processing on this unit. Every experienced master will confirm that working with the equipment is more comfortable if the processed wooden element is inferior in length to the working surface. A properly assembled homemade belt sander will allow you to easily level the surface and remove all errors, making it even and smooth. Also, belt units will quickly and efficiently remove old paint and varnish coatings, cope with the processing of edges and ends, polish curvilinear figures and polish a flat wooden furniture element.

Machine assembly materials

Many novice carpenters make a grinder from a drill, but we propose to create an improved tool. Before assembling a belt sander with your own hands, you need to decide on the material for the manufacture of its main components. For example, it is better to make a desktop from thick metal, giving preference overall dimensions canvases within 500x180x20 mm. We draw your attention to the fact that the larger the bed, the more functional it is and the more diverse the details will be, the processing of which is planned.

Table

The production of the working surface is as follows:

1. Cut off one of the sides of the metal sheet.
2. Conduct markup.
3. Three holes are drilled at the end of the cut web, through which the work surface is bolted to the bed.

Engine selection

A home-made wood sanding unit is equipped with an engine, and in this case, an electric drive from washing machine, although you can pick up any motor with a power of about 2.8 kW, capable of averaging 1200-1500 rpm. The drive is tightly fixed in a stationary state to the frame.

Assembly of drums and tape

Now we have to make two drums for a surface grinding unit, for which we need a chipboard sheet, from which blanks of 200x200 mm are cut out and a package with a diameter of 240 mm is assembled. After assembly, the structure is machined to a diameter of 200 mm. The master cylinder is mounted on the drive shaft, and it is he who will set the abrasive material in motion. The tension element is fixed around the axis of the frame on bearings.

Make sure that the tape can easily touch the tabletop, which is achieved by providing a bevel on the side of the drum.

When assembling the drums, do not forget that their inner diameter must exceed the outer diameter by a few millimeters. This is necessary so that the tape is placed in the middle of the cylinder and does not slip off. Now we need a sanding belt, for which abrasive emery material, cut into strips, and then glued together with a high-quality adhesive, is suitable.

Drum grinding unit

Just like industrial designs, household units can have different configurations, although, as noted earlier, their kinematic scheme and principle of operation are similar. Above we talked about how to assemble belt sanding equipment, and now we will find out what to make a homemade drum sander from.

In this case, instead of a stretched abrasive belt, the homemade product is supplied with a disk, shaped like a drum, with which wooden blanks are polished. As in the previous case, this simple type of aggregates is created quickly and without much difficulty, moreover, here we also do not need a complex diagram or intricate drawings.

Assembly process

When building a drum grinder with your own hands, you can use an asynchronous motor from a washing machine, and in addition to it with old typewriter remove pulleys, belt and useful electronic parts. Sanding drums are usually made from cylindrical bars, wooden rings, cardboard or plastic pipe.

Starting to make a wood grinding machine, a segment is cut off from the pipe, equal to the length of the main grinding element, so that it is slightly shorter than the rod, on which it will be fixed in the future. End caps are cut out of a sheet of plywood, equal to the diameter of the pipe, with holes in the middle. The plugs are fixed in the end sides of the pipe with screws.

Now you can install the axis of the rod, fixed with reliable glue. The surface of the pipe is covered with sheet rubber, which will ensure a better fit of the workpiece. The emery cloth is attached in a spiral to the surface of the drum with a stapler, and the grinding drum is ready.

The body and working surface of the unit are made of wood or dense plywood. The movable part of the desktop is attached to the adjusting screw in front, and sits on hinges at the back. The engine is hung on the lower part of the body, where a hole is made in advance, and the drum, made by hand, is attached to the upper part of the bed. The rod (axle) sits on both sides of the bearings fixed to the side posts. At the final stage, pulleys are installed on the axle and the belt drive is pulled. To consolidate the knowledge gained, we suggest watching the video.

The working surface of the wood after cutting needs special treatment. Grinding will help to eliminate roughness and other flaws for further application of paintwork.

A do-it-yourself wood grinder is able to perform the final technological operations related to calibrating and leveling surfaces. At the same time, the cost of acquiring such equipment will be minimized. Unlike factory models, they are small in size, so they are easy to install in the workshop, in the garage or in the barn. To work with them do not need special qualifications. It is enough to know the functional features of the device and follow the safety precautions. Grinding machines are used in everyday life, in construction and in furniture production.

Design - the initial stage

Different models of grinding devices allow you to process all kinds of wooden materials.

Before you start making a homemade wood grinder, it is important to decide for what purposes it will be needed.

This will depend technical specifications tool:

• The performance of the device is affected by its power. For home use, 400 watts will be enough. High efficiency is provided by machines with a power of up to 1 kW.
• The quality of grinding is affected by the speed of rotation of the working tool. The maximum figure is 3 thousand revolutions per minute.
• Depending on the type of surface to be treated, the working area is calculated. The width of the drums of the machine depends on it.
• The size of the machine is an important indicator of where the equipment will be used: in workshops or in a small home workshop.

A simple homemade grinder

Types of equipment

Woodworking machines have the same principle of operation - the surface is ground with an abrasive material, for example, sandpaper tape or circles with a rough surface.

Grinding machines differ from each other in structure and scope of use. The purpose of the device depends on which drawings you need to use in your work.

Belt machine

The simplest of all models for domestic use. It allows you to adjust in different planes, clean and give the desired shape to products.

The basis of its mechanism is an abrasive belt stretched between the shafts, which is located in a horizontal and vertical position or at a certain angle. Beneath it is a low-friction work surface against which the tool rests.

During operation of the device, the speed of the mechanism can be adjusted. There are several models of belt sanders. They can be with a stable and movable work table, and with a free belt.

An obligatory element of their design is an exhaust device for removing dust. To make a homemade product, you will need an electric motor that can be removed from an old washing machine, rollers and a strong frame made of metal sheet.

Work items are made of chipboard. The drive shaft is directly connected by an electric motor, while the other is free to rotate on an axle mounted on bearings.

The abrasive belt from the emery cloth is located strictly in the middle of the shaft. It should smoothly touch the surface and not slip off.

To assemble the structure, you may need the following consumables:

• boards and bars made of wood;
• metal pipes;
• bearings;
• electric motor;
• pulley;
• rubber belt;
• fasteners;
• abrasive material;
• working tool for installation;
• welding machine, if the frame body is made of metal.

drum device

Necessary for horizontal alignment and calibration of surfaces. With it, you can process slats and MDF and chipboard materials. The design of the device consists of two rollers with an abrasive belt stretched in a spiral.

Under them is a smooth tabletop on which the workpiece is located. The distance between the shafts and the working surface is adjustable.

Work on the manufacture of a drum machine is carried out in stages. First, a body is made of sheet steel or plexiglass, then the engine is mounted. An abrasive belt or a cone with cutting edges is attached to the drum.

A desktop is installed at the top of the diagram. It must be adjusted in relation to the vertical cylinder. The on and off buttons are used as controls.

disk device

Another simple homemade grinder is a disc grinder. It is necessary for turning large wooden products. As a working tool, an abrasive wheel is used, which is mounted on the axis of the electric motor.

A special stand is installed in the center of the disk on a hinged mount, fixing the part at a certain angle. To improve the equipment, experts advise using wooden discs with different types sandpaper.

Combined variant

Combines circular grinding and surface grinding equipment.

You can make the device in this way. A shaft with a disc with a diameter of up to 230 mm is attached to the increased frame of the belt grinder.

It uses a belt drive. The design is complemented by a support table. The combined technology will save space and provide convenience in work.

Proper operation of the equipment is the key to success

The process of installing a wood grinder with your own hands must meet all the requirements of safety regulations. Every master should remember this in order to prevent injuries in the workplace:

• The manufactured machine is made from quality materials and has robust design. During surface treatment, do not touch the working tool and moving parts of the mechanism with your hands.
• Work on homemade grinding equipment should be in protective glasses.
• For woodworking, you cannot use discs designed for metal processing, as they have a different surface structure.
• Before starting work, it is important to check the serviceability of the design details.
• The use of a protective cover for grinding wheels increases the safety of work.