Roadbed and method of its construction. The Russian invented the "eternal" roadbed (2 photos) Roadbed definition

Non-woven geotextile Dornit - domestic production, made of polypropylene using a needle-punched method.

Today our geosynthetic materials with delivery in Russiaapplicable in road, hydraulic engineering, railway, airfield, residential, industrial construction, landscape design and gardening. In particular, needle-punched geotextile Dornitmade from polypropylene, pre-processed fibers. Thanks to needle-punching technology, the most durable canvas is obtained, resistant to enormous loads.

Dornit geotextile fabric is used in a variety of industries. But most often it is used during road construction... In this case, it acts as a separating layer, with the help of which crushed stone, gravel is separated from the soil. This is due to the fact that the material is ideally suited to those difficult conditions in which work is usually carried out.

Material description

Dornit pavement is manufactured from polyester, polypropylene fibers. In order to further strengthen them, manufacturers carry out twisting of fibers, as well as their heat treatment.

The resulting fabric is resistant to chemicals, acids, ultraviolet radiation... Geotextiles can be in a humid environment for a long time, but at the same time they will not form on the surface rot, mold, bacteria.

The dense structure of the roadway prevents germination of roots... Therefore, no additional action is required to protect the road surface.

Why Dornit Geotextile?

Our environmentally friendly geosynthetic materials with delivery in Russia increase the strength of slopes, embankments, any other structure... In addition, Dornit geotextiles are often used as an interlayer between crushed stone and the soil, excluding its subsidence, preventing the formation of cracks in the road surface. The volumetric geogrid copes not only with the soil, but also with any structures with embankments.

Geotextile Dornit is suitable for:

• creation of effective filtration systems;
• improvement of the site;
• pool construction and artificial reservoirs;
• preventing the emergence of weeds in place for seedlings;
• strengthening the foundation and load-bearing walls.

Modern geosynthetic materials with delivery in Russia have many advantages over classic building materials:

• dornit geotextile is permeable to water;
• high structural strength;
• excellent fixation of the top layer due to the volumetric geogrid;
• dornit geotextile is suitable for composition formation, ventilation and insulation;
• increased insulation strength;
• dornite geotextile reduces cost construction works;
• our geosynthetic materials with delivery across Russia remain resistant to ultraviolet light and temperature extremes.

In a word, Dornit geotextile, along with a volumetric geogrid, is the best solution for earthworks and construction.

OUR OFFER! Structural strength, high water resistance, minimal specific gravity, environmental friendliness and excellent filtering characteristics of geosynthetics with delivery in Russia and at a reasonable price. You can place an order by calling our consultant or by filling out a special form on the website!

Road Dornit

The Dornit roadbed has the following advantages:

• Due to the fact that its modulus of elasticity is high enough, the coating can withstand really serious loads. The reinforcing properties of the coating are retained even if there is minimal deformation.
• Even if the coating is damaged, it will continue to effectively perform its own functions.
• The level of water permeability of the material is high. That is why its presence eliminates the likelihood of condensate formation. Previously, this was a really serious problem that road builders could not cope with.
• The roadbed is quite difficult to damage. Even under strong tension, it does not break. By the way, this property allows you to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe canvas.
• The composition of the roadway does not include any additional impurities that can be destroyed under the influence of certain factors. As for the fibers made of polypropylene, which are used in production, they normally transfer radiation.
• The cover is easy to install. It is enough to properly prepare it, as well as select effective fasteners.

Geotextile Dornit: price

In order for you to be able to adequately assess the cost of the Dornit roadway presented on our website, you need to take into account several points.

So, when forming prices, various indicators are taken into account. Some of them don't change. This category includes raw material costs, technology implementation, other. These indicators are taken into account by manufacturers. They are the ones who set the initial cost.

There is also another category of indicators. You must analyze it without fail. This includes indicators such as delivery costs, batch size, equipment used, other. It is the analysis that will allow you to understand that the rates offered by us are the most profitable today. You can see for yourself by reading the table.

Please note that we currently have unique program... Its essence is to encourage regular customers, wholesale buyers. So, we provide discounts, we carry out the accrual of bonuses. You can get acquainted in more detail with the features of cost formation, the possibility of obtaining a discount, contacting our managers... For this, we have placed our contacts in the appropriate section.

Applications of the canvas

• Geotextile Dornit is applied for the formation of green roofs... This material acts as a drainage and also protects the soil from washing out minerals and organics.
• Dornit material is used in road construction as additional reinforcement.
• The use of Dornit provides additional protection against "Spreading" of soils, thereby reducing the need for backing materials.
• Dornit is laid under concrete slabs on road slopes and slopes. It protects the soil from washing out and reduces soil stress under concrete structures.
• Let's apply the material and when arranging a strip foundation: A number of studies have shown that this geotextile reduces structural stress even when installed in specific geological conditions.
• Also Dornit can be used when organizing drainage systems - it protects the drainage channels from the ingress of mechanical impurities.

If you are interested in our favorable prices, you want to buy Dornit geotextiles, then initially you need to determine which brand is right for you. To do this, you should study specifications various road surfaces, features of their use.

Then you can proceed to checkout... This is done very simply. You need to press the button that is located under the selected brand. The form is displayed on the monitor. It will need to be entered contact details... This is necessary so that our specialists can contact you.

It is in the telephone mode that you can indicate how many goods you plan to order. It will also be possible to make adjustments to the prepared order, find out more information about discounts, bonuses. Together with the manager who will supervise your order, you can choose an acceptable form of payment.

As for the delivery process, there are also nuances here. For material transportation different techniques can be used. Therefore, you must decide what is more acceptable to you. You also need to indicate the exact address to which the delivery will be carried out, as well as the time.

Multi-lane, oncoming, and also the passing direction of movement of motor vehicles.

The term includes a complex of functionally related structural elements and artificial engineering structures, specially designed to ensure the safe movement of automobiles and other vehicles with design speeds, loads and dimensions, with a given traffic intensity for a long time, as well as land plots provided for placement of this complex, and the space is within the specified size.

Story [ | ]

The definition of the concept of "road" in Russia is enshrined in legislation. According to the Federal Law of 10.12.1995 No. 196-FZ "On Security road traffic», road - a strip of land or surface of an artificial structure equipped or adapted and used for the movement of vehicles. A road includes one or more carriageways, as well as tramways, sidewalks, shoulders and dividing lanes, if any. IN Federal law of 08.11.2007 No. 257-FZ "On highways and road activities in Russian Federation and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation "a definition is given highway - an object of transport infrastructure intended for the movement of vehicles and includes land plots within the boundaries of the right-of-way of a motor road and structural elements located on them or under them (roadbed, road surface and similar elements) and road structures, which are its technological part, - protective road structures, artificial road structures, production facilities, road construction elements.

Highways have a large number of intersections, intersections with railways and pipelines, and therefore are designed taking into account safety requirements. The cost of work on the current repair and maintenance of roads is determined by calculating the products of the road sector. Some countries have introduced driver fees on some roads to fund the maintenance of good road conditions.

The main elements of the road[ | ]

Left-hand and right-hand traffic[ | ]

The presence of left-hand or right-hand traffic depends on the specific country. In countries with right-hand traffic, road signs are located mainly on the right side of the road, at roundabouts, traffic is carried out counterclockwise, pedestrians, when crossing a two-way road, first look to the left, in countries with left-hand traffic - vice versa.

Approximately 34% of the world population lives in countries with left-hand traffic (these include Australia, Great Britain, India, South Africa, Japan, etc.), 66% - in countries with right-hand traffic. In terms of the length of roads with right-hand traffic, the leaders are also - 72%. Individual countries can switch from one type of traffic to another: for example, in 1967 Sweden switched from left-hand to right-hand traffic, in 2009 Samoa underwent a reverse transition.

It is a single multi-layer monolithic high-quality compacted structure, consisting of a subgrade, base and cover. The device of the roadbed, or, as it is customary among the road workers, the road pavement, is a laborious and responsible process.

The coating is the upper most durable structural layer, excellently resisting shear and shock loads from wheels from vehicles, as well as the effects of natural factors (precipitation and temperature drops), providing a smooth surface and a high coefficient of adhesion.

The coating consists of 1 or 2 layers, the bottom of which is always leveling.

Base - the load-bearing part of the pavement, consisting of the upper and lower layers.

The top layer is most often made of crushed stone, or materials treated with a binder, and serves to uniformly transfer and distribute pressure to the additional layer of pavement below, or soil. As a consequence, such a layer must be resistant to shear and bending external forces.

An example of an organic binder is petroleum road bitumen. The base in this case is made of black rubble.

In the case of using an inorganic binder - Portland cement, the base can be made of cement concrete, or hydro-polymer cement-ground ( innovative approach in road construction) mixtures.

The lower layer (frost-protective) consists of materials that are resistant to excessive waterlogging: sand, ASG and is arranged on roads with unfavorable soil-hydrological conditions, hence one of its many names - drainage.

The main purpose:

Removal of excess moisture from the upper layers of the earth;

Prevention of possible swelling of the coating due to waterlogging;

Ensuring the strength of the soil of the earth.

The lower part of the structure is completed (or, to be precise, the construction of the entire structure begins with it) the earth of the earth, in the form of a previously compacted and planned layer on which the rest of the structural layers of the pavement are laid.

1. the main
2. Notes
3. Sectional roadbed

roadtm.com

Asphalt Concrete Roads - The Bituminous Basis Of Civilization | "Tips for Owners"

Asphalt can rightfully be called one of the whales on which the current model of human society rests, if only because the automobile transport system, without which the modern economy is inconceivable, and even the very appearance of a car in its current form became possible only thanks to the invention of the modern concept of an asphalt road ...

How the asphalt road works

Building a 21st century road is a challenging engineering challenge. The entire structure is based on a leveled and compacted subgrade, on top of which an underlying layer of compacted sand is poured. The task of this layer is to divert or retain free water in the pores of sand during construction work until the drainage devices of the road work.

A crushed stone or technological layer is arranged over the preparatory layer. Its task is to ensure the normal movement of machines and mechanisms during road construction. It also serves as the "body" of the road. The material is compacted crushed stone and (or) gravel of various granulometric composition.

For normal grip asphalt pavement a layer of crushed stone is spilled with a layer of molten bitumen or bitumen emulsion. And only after that, asphalting is carried out, that is, the device of the last, top layer of asphalt concrete, which is a mixture of mineral materials (sand, crushed stone, mineral powder of various compositions) and bituminous binder.

In addition to these basic layers, the roads can be additionally reinforced and modified with various additional layers: a reinforcing cushion made of sand-cement mixture can be installed on top of the crushed stone, a reinforcing layer of a special canvas made of rubber bitumen and fiberglass mesh can be laid. Geotextiles, etc. can be placed on the preparatory layer.

Asphalt road construction

The roadbed itself begins with the construction of a foundation pit, as the builders of the "bath" or "trough" say. The task of this construct is to remove weak and unstable soil to a solid base.

Sometimes, this has to be done to a considerable depth. For example, during the construction of the Sverdlovsk - Serov highway, in the swampy taiga of the Northern Urals, in some places it was necessary to remove up to 9 meters of floating soil.

The bottom of the "trough" is compacted with road rollers, after which it is covered with sand, which is also carefully rolled, achieving a compaction coefficient of at least 0.98.

On a layer of sand, crushed stone or sand gravel mixture is laid, with a layer thickness of about 12-18 cm in a compacted state. With the help of this layer, the transverse slopes of the road provided for by the project are also formed, therefore, it is carried out according to lighthouses with constant geodetic control.

Crushed stone is spilled with bitumen emulsion or molten bitumen. And not earlier than 6 hours after that, they start laying asphalt. This is done with the help of mechanical pavers, distributing the asphalt concrete mixture in an even layer and rolling with rollers.

In confined spaces, near various structures, asphalt laying and leveling is done manually, with compaction with vibratory rammers.

The works are carried out in dry weather, at an air temperature not lower than +5 degrees Celsius.

Independent construction of asphalt roads and driveways

Covering the road with asphalt concrete can be done independently.

Since self-arranged driveways and walkways, as a rule, are not designed for significant loads, so-called cold asphalt made from bitumen with a lower melting point is used. Such mixtures do not require significant heating and can be stacked at temperatures from 30 ° C.

Having performed the work carefully, with high-quality compaction of layers, you will get a comfortable road that can serve for decades.

Ask questions in the comments below or by mail. Subscribe to the newsletter. Good luck to you, and good to your family!

chonemuzhik.ru

Road pie, road cut. Road construction.

First you need to understand how an asphalt road works, how and what kind of loads it perceives and distributes.

Asphalt itself does not work well for bending (twisting, various forces having a shoulder), since the structure of the asphalt is granular. IN everyday life this can be observed in the autumn-winter, spring, i.e. then when the wet ground freezes. When frozen, the soil expands by 10%, thereby creating a pushing force on the road.

Reinforced concrete, for example, copes with this task much better due to the location of metal rods in its body.

At the same time, the asphalt resists shear and shear very well, for example when braking a car. As the asphalt granules are bonded with bitumen.

The main task of the asphalt road is not only to absorb shear and shear loads, but also to transfer the weight of the vehicle from the surface to the underlying layers with an expanding load-bearing field. Fig 2.

SECTION OF THE ROAD

In other words, cook road section you need everything completely, from the bottom layer to the asphalt itself.

Otherwise, the roadway will begin to break, pits and other various defects in the road surface will form.

The principle of transferring the load from the car to the road surface

Mathematically, it looks like this: 1, m2 of ABS should transfer the load to 1m2 + X, the bases where, X- is greater than zero.

In the physical sense, there is nothing complicated here, the whole point is that the fraction of the base (crushed stone) must be greater than the fraction of the ABS filling.

For example: the fraction of crushed stone in class A asphalt, 5-20, 5-10 and less, and the fraction of crushed stone in the base, 20-40. Since the particles of crushed stone of the base are larger, they increase the load field transmitted by the top layer of the road surface, from the wheels of vehicles and other loads. In no case, it is not necessary, to lay coarse-grained asphalt on a fine-grained base!

That is why, for example, on large federal highways and highways, where there is high traffic intensity and speed, the roadway structure has a multi-layer structure. Recently, various glass, basalt nets, nonwoven fabrics, various additives in ABS, SHMA, etc. have begun to be actively used.

Modern asphalting technologies are developing from year to year. A lot of new material appears and innovative technologies asphalt paving that improves the performance of the road surface.

Nowadays the use of road mesh and membranes takes 5-10% of the material costs. At the same time, it significantly improves the characteristics of load, intensity, road strength, and significantly saves material.

Road construction in private houses, near the cottage, summer cottage, parking

When working with small areas, a simplified asphalt paving technology is usually used. These facilities do not require high performance ABS. In order to park a private car at your cottage, there is no need to build a multi-layer structure of the road trough.

I would also like to note the fact that, for the improvement of small volumes, a vibrating plate can be used.

The compaction depth field of the vibrating plate is 15 cm, which is quite enough for layer-by-layer compaction and laying of asphalt on small adjoining territories.

I hope in this article you learned useful information on the choice of the "road pie" design and clarified the mechanics and principles of the road surface a little.

You can also ask your questions here, and we will answer them!

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Ancient Roman Roads | roadtm.com

Residents Ancient Rome During its centuries-old history, a huge number of artificial engineering structures have been created, but their most important achievement was a huge (even by modern standards) network of roads with a length of more than 100 thousand kilometers, which connected Rome with numerous provinces.

More than one millennium has passed, but the quality of Roman roads brought their builders eternal glory. It was a construction site of great scale and investment, some sections of which have survived to our times, more than two millennia after the start of construction.

The rapidly growing empire, in addition to obvious advantages, had obvious disadvantages: the empire had to be defended and guarded. To reduce the time it takes to move the army from the center to the province, it was decided to build a network of very solid roads. The motto was put at the forefront: “Roads should be operated, not repaired”.

The beginning of construction was preceded by land surveying work, during which the optimal direction of the future road was determined, taking into account the relief of a particular area, the border, and an engineering decision was made.

During the construction of the road, excess soil was removed into the excavations and the bottom layer of the sand base was carefully compacted. Next, a layer of cobblestone was arranged. Then came a layer of crushed stone, fastened concrete mortar... The next layer was brick chips, on top of which cobblestones were laid.

Total thickness of all structural layers sometimes reached 3-5 meters. Hence the expression: "Roman roads are walls dug into the ground." As a result, such structures did not need repair for a hundred years.

Features of Roman roads:

1. Cross slopes (gable profiles), as a result of the absence of puddles on the surface of the coating.

2. Straightness (the road began to twist in extremely rare cases).

3. High curbstone that strengthens the roadway.

4. Sophisticated drainage system (installation of side ditches).

5. A huge network of related infrastructure: inns, smithies, stables.

6. The road was built by the forces of legionnaires, i.e. military.

7. The road had an incredible margin of safety.

8. Thickness, reaching 5 meters in some areas.

9. The minimum width was 2.5 meters, the maximum width was 12 m.

10. Along the entire length of the road, milestones were installed, informing the traveler about the distance in miles to the nearest settlement and Rome.

11. If initially the roads were built exclusively for military purposes, later it turned out that they became a real driver for the development of trade, increasing the turnover of working capital tenfold.

1. the main
2. Notes
3. Ancient roman roads

roadtm.com

Cross section of the road - How to make apartment renovation yourself?

The construction of the cross-section of the carriageway must correspond to the tracing elements of the road in the plan and in the longitudinal section. It depends on the road category, vertical load, permissible speed and the component of heavy vehicles in the total traffic flow. The dimensions and sections of the road cross section are selected based on the RAS-Q guidelines (cross section).

Cross-sectional drawing road shows in scale 1:50 correct device road section at right angles to its axis. In this case, the dimensions of the road body, transverse slopes are set, in necessary cases - noise protection devices, drainage devices, construction class, minimum thickness and layers of the "pie", i.e. the upper part of the road section, as well as the slopes of the slopes (Fig. 1).

Figure: 1. Cross section of the road

Determining the width of the road

To determine the width of the road, the reference vehicle 2.5 m wide and 4.00 m high is taken as a basis (Fig. 2). Each car must have a certain free space when driving, allowing some deviations from the straight line of travel. This space depends on the expected speed and the traffic load is from 0.25 to 1.25 m. On the side of the carriageway, shoulders must be provided. Marking is applied to the shoulders. On the roads of lower subordination, the presence of curbs is neglected. The shoulders are also not made when the roads pass through the villages, if the carriageway is separated by curb stones.

Fig. 2. Components of the cross-section of the road

When arranging autobahns, for example, middle (dividing lanes) and parking (side) lanes with a hard surface are arranged. Dividing lanes separate carriageways with the opposite direction of travel, while parking lanes make it possible to turn to the side or stop in the event of an accident.

At the outer edge of paved surfaces, there should be non-asphalted side strips called banquets. They tend to be landscaped. Banquets are equipped with security and safety devices such as safety buffers or bollards.

Banquets, depending on the section, have a width of 1.00 and 1.50 m (Fig. 2 and Table 1). If we add the width of the banquets to the width of the carriageway, we get the width of the crown (Fig. 1).

Table 1. Width of the road section components according to RAS-L (excerpts)
Regular section	Number of lanes	Lane, m	Shoulder, m	Middle (dividing) strip, m	Stop lane, m	Banquet, m	Side stripes, m
RQ 35.5	6	3,75/3,50	0,75/0,50	3,50	2,50	1,50	3,00
RQ26	4	3,50	0,50	3,00	2,00	1,50	3,00
RQ20	4	3,25	0,50	2,00	-	1,50	1,75
RQ10.5	2	3,50	0,25/0,50	-	-	1,50	1,75
RQ9.5	2	3,00	0,25	-	-	1,50	1,75
RQ7.5	2	2,75		-	-	1,00	1,25

Space for movement, space for safety, space in the light

The traffic space for trucks consists of the space occupied by the design vehicle, free space to the side and top, as well as spaces above side strips, driveways or paved side strips. The space for the movement of trucks has a height of 4.25 m, for the movement of cyclists and for pedestrians, the height is 2.25 m. Safety spaces should be provided above and on the sides of the space for movement.

The width of the side safety spaces depends on the permissible speed vperm. These dimensions can be reduced by 0.25 m near the side paved lanes, near the middle (dividing) lane and near the curb stones. The clear space of the cross-section of the road is made up of the traffic space and the side and upper safety spaces. There should be no solid obstacles in the clear space of the cross-section of the road (Fig. 2).

The clear height for trucks is 4.5 m, for pedestrian and bicycle roads - 2.50 m.

Cycling and walking roads

Outside settlements, pedestrian and bicycle traffic passes without mutual delimitation along common pedestrian and bicycle roads, the width of which, as a rule, is 2.5 m. They can run parallel to the carriageway or independently of it. Cycle roads in built-up areas next to road curbs must be located at a distance of at least 0.75 m from the curb so that the cycle path is free of open doors parked cars.

Pedestrian paths (sidewalks) in built-up areas are at least 1.5 m wide.

Regular sections

The road design instructions, part - cross-sections (RAS-Q), provide regular cross-sections for all road categories and traffic loads (Fig. 3).

Fig. 3. Regular cross-sections of two-lane and single-lane roads (excerpts)

They differ in the number of traffic lanes, the width of the traffic lanes and the components of the sections (Table 1).

Slope device

If the edge of the crown of the carriageway lies above the existing surface of the earth, then an embankment slope occurs, if it lies below the existing surface of the earth, then a cut slope is obtained. The height of the slope is equal to the difference between the heights of the crown edge and the point of intersection of the non-rounded slope with the ground surface (Fig. 4). All embankment and cut slopes ≥ 2.00 m in height receive

Fig. 4. Standard slope slope according to RAS-Q

If the height of the slope is less than 2.00 m, then instead of the standard slope, a constant width b \u003d 3.00 m is used. In this case, the slope of the slope becomes more gentle with decreasing slope height, a harmonious transition to the landscape is ensured. The transition from the slope to the territory is usually rounded. The length of the tangent line (7) to the rounding depends on the height of the slope. For slope heights ≥ 2.00 m, the tangent length is 3.00 m, for slope heights below 2.00 m, the tangent length is 1.5h. In confined spaces, shorter tangent lengths are also possible. In this case, the rounding of the slope can be neglected.

spravochnik-stroitelya.ru

As you know, there is nothing eternal in our world, but you always want to use something that can serve for many years, invariably maintaining its high functional qualities. When it comes to Russian roads, in principle, I would like them to be just there. Not broken highways and city asphalt strewn with holes, but full-fledged roads on which it would be easy and pleasant to drive.

Perhaps one of the age-old Russian problems will be solved by a resident of Omsk, who invented a new generation roadbed that has no analogues in the world. At first, Alexander believed that his invention would be suitable exclusively for the northern regions of our vast homeland, but then he adjusted the project for megacities. According to the author, roads with moving elements will be extremely durable and easy to install.

Using miniature metal puzzles, the Russian demonstrated to journalists how his invention would work. The structure will consist of pyramid-shaped concrete blocks connected by special locks. When stress is placed on the pavement, the puzzles begin to slide, simultaneously increasing the strength of the road and creating drainage channels for rain and melt water. Moreover, the more pressure is exerted on the structure, the more the soil will be compacted from below.

Will Russia really have the best roads in the world?

The Omsk craftsman reports that such a road surface can be laid directly on the sand without any soil filling and auxiliary layers. This will significantly reduce not only the cost, but also the labor intensity of road laying in Russia.

Alexander has already managed to patent his innovation. For a patent to be issued, an examination was required, during which it was necessary to prove the benefits of the invention. A special commission examined an interesting collapsible road surface and tested it on several types of soil. It turned out that the brainchild of a Russian really has undoubted operational advantages over solid concrete slabs. Experts considered that such an innovation could be effectively used even in permafrost conditions.

Omich has already sent letters to the local construction ministry, the regional governor, Rosavtodor and even the presidential administration. In his messages, the inventor urges officials to get acquainted with his development and assess the prospects for its implementation in the country. While civil servants are thinking, Alexander is trying to improve the road surface, making it even more functional and durable.

Roadbed

A strip of land intended for driving.

(Terms of Russian architectural heritage. Pluzhnikov V.I., 1995)

Dictionary of Architectural Terms.... EdwART. 2011.

See what "Roadbed" is in other dictionaries:

MI 3114-2008: Recommendation. GSE. Automatic weighing devices for weighing vehicles in motion and determining axle loads on the roadway. Verification method - Terminology MI 3114 2008: Recommendation. GSE. Automatic weighing devices for weighing vehicles in motion and determining axle loads on the roadway. Verification method: Test vehicle: Vehicle with ... ...

The value of the actual load on the roadway created by a single axle of the vehicle. - The value of the actual load on the roadway created by a single axle of the vehicle. The value of the load on the roadway created by the single axle of a two-axle vehicle on a spring suspension, determined in the static weighing mode ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

The largest limit of measurement (NPI) of the axial load on the roadway - The largest limit of measurement (LRV) of the axle load on the roadway: The greatest load on the load-receiving platform, for which the scales are designed for weighing in motion without summation. A source … Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

The smallest limit of measurement of axle load on the roadway (IMPI) - The smallest limit of measurement of axle load on the roadway (IMPI): The load below which the weighing result in motion before totalization may contain an unacceptably high error. A source … Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

ROAD CONSTRUCTION - the construction industry engaged in design, construction, repair and maintenance highways, access roads and city streets. This concept usually includes management, organization of work and supervision ... ... Collier's Encyclopedia

canvas - and/; pl. polo / tna, ten, tnam; Wed see also. linen 1) a) Smooth linen or cotton fabric, in which each warp thread is intertwined with each weft thread; artificial or silk fabric of a similar weave Weave, bleach, ... ... Dictionary of many expressions

canvas - and; pl. canvases, ten, tnam; Wed 1. Smooth linen or cotton fabric in which each warp thread is intertwined with each weft thread; artificial or silk fabric of a similar weave. Weave, bleach, spread p. P. for sails ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Earthen road bed - subgrade structural element, which serves as the basis for the placement of road pavements, as well as technical means of organizing traffic and arranging a road; ... Source: Decision of the Customs Union Commission from ... ... Official terminology

subgrade - The structure, which serves as the base of the railway track superstructure, which takes the load from the superstructure of the track and railway rolling stock, evenly distributes it to the underlying natural soil, levels the ner ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

road base - The lower load-bearing part of the pavement, consisting of one or more layers of road materials and providing the transfer of loads to the subgrade [Terminological dictionary for construction in 12 languages \u200b\u200b(VNIIIS Gosstroy USSR)] Topics ... ... Technical translator's guide

Books

• The game "Flexible auto track. Fire brigade" (340 parts) (BB 2769),. Help the fire truck get to the scene of the accident. Collect one of the proposed track options or come up with your own. Create slides and bridges, dodge obstacles and bend the roadway ...