Building drainage calculator - what it is and what it is eaten with. Calculation of an internal flat roof drainage How to calculate a roof drainage system
The internal drainage system is a whole complex of elements that perform a specific function. The whole structure works as follows: the water flows into the gutters, through which it enters directly into the funnels. The correct calculation of the drain is impossible without data on funnels, which are considered an important link in the entire structure.
The funnel of the internal drain is a structural component into which water that has entered the upper part of the catchment is drained. The element is located longitudinally to the roof axis at the lowest point of the roof, which is hermetically connected to the downpipe. The main purpose of the component is to remove water from the roof. Funnels are of two types: flat and bell-shaped. The former are used on a flat surface, the latter - on sloped roofs.
The funnel may not be singular. According to SNiP, the number of components on a flat roof must be at least two. The general requirement depends on the diameter of the downpipe: no more than 250 square meters should fall on one ordinary pipe. m roof.
Factors affecting the amount
A correct calculator that calculates efficiently must meet the following requirements:
- If there are no obstacles between the downpipes for expanding the gutter to 12 meters, then one funnel will be enough;
- If the distance from the blind area to the drainpipe is more than 12 meters and has no obstacles, then two or more components are needed;
- If the gutter is not connected with downpipes, but covers the building around the perimeter, then joint development of funnels and expansion joints is needed.
The main factor that the calculation procedure should take into account: the number of funnels directly depends on parameters such as the diameter of the downpipe and the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof. The latter depend on the height of the building and the number of places where the water flows. The general calculation formula can be represented as follows:
1 component \u003d 0.75 sq. m flat roof and 1 sq. see pipes. Example: given a roof area of \u200b\u200b100 sq. m and 125 sq. see pipes. Based on the ratio, we get about 130 funnels for a hundred-meter roof area.
Knowing the diameter of the downspouts and the coverage area, you can calculate the number of components that will subsequently help in calculating the roof drainage, because the funnel is one of the main components of the entire structure.
Calculation of the whole structure
To calculate the drainage system, you need to know the following characteristics:
- Roof area;
- Temperature minimum in winter;
- Average annual rainfall.
The listed parameters must be known in order to calculate the drainage system. The entire gutter structure consists of brackets, funnels and gutters. Consequently, the formula that calculates the roof drainage system must include information about the component parts of the system. With regard to funnels, the dependency looks like this:
- If the diameter is 80 mm, then the water flow is approximately 5 l / s;
- If the diameter of the funnel is 100 mm, then water is consumed at a rate of 12 l / s;
- With a diameter of 150 mm, the water flow is considered to be 35 l / s.
Knowing how to calculate the number of funnels, you can calculate the approximate amount of water consumption for the entire structure. For an external drain, which loses its popularity over time, different rules apply, and therefore the calculated result will be different. A calculator that calculates the internal drain and takes into account such a component as a funnel helps to obtain complete information about the entire structure.
From the name it is clear that this system is designed to drain water from the roof of the building. In the article we will explain why it is necessary to install a drain and provide instructions for calculating it.
Do you need a drainage system?
Some developers claim that there is no great need to install a drainage system. Firstly, this will lead to material costs, and secondly, installation of the system is also not the cheapest pleasure. In other words, water from the roof should flow freely to the blind area, and then to the ground. A truly special drainage system is not needed if:
- increase the roof overhang to 0.7-0.8 m;
- perform high-quality waterproofing of the foundation and walls of the basement;
- use moisture and frost-resistant material (for example, clinker tiles, natural stone or basement siding);
- provide the necessary slope of the blind area to the side opposite to the house;
Calculating the costs of additional work and the materials given in this list, you can understand that the installation of a roof drainage system will be much cheaper. Also, do not forget about a comfortable pastime near the building. It will be extremely difficult to enter the house without a drain during heavy rain.
Gutter elements
Gutter elements- The gutter acts as the main receiver of water from the roof;
- Brackets are necessary for attaching the gutter: short to the frontal board, long ones are mounted directly on the crate;
- The gutter connector has a rubber seal and is required for a sealed gutter joint;
- The plug prevents water from escaping beyond the extreme gutters, thereby all the drain from the roof falls only into the funnels;
- The funnel of the gutter is the connecting element between the gutter and the downpipe;
- The pipe elbow is necessary for turning the pipe to the building facade for easy fastening, installed on 2 sides of the connecting pipe;
- The connecting pipe is cut to a certain length, depending on the width of the roof overhang;
- The drain pipe carries out a vertical flow of water;
- The pipe holder fixes it to the building wall;
- The outlet sets the direction of the flow of water from the downpipe
Calculation of the drainage system
In order to make an independent calculation of the drainage system, it is first of all necessary to measure the distance at which the drain will be installed in the future. In case of gable roof it is enough to know the width of the slopes (for the gutter) and the height from the eaves to the bottom of the house (for the drain).
After all the required dimensions are known, you can begin to calculate this material.
One should start by counting one of the main elements of the drainage system - gutters... As a rule, it is 3m in length, but there may be differences depending on the manufacturer. Let's look at the example of a house with shed roof size 6 by 16, where 16 meters is the length of the cornice, 6m is the length of the slope.
Calculation of the drain By simple division, rounding into a larger number, we get that in this case 6 gutters will be needed: 16/3 \u003d 6. In the same way, you can calculate the quantity for other sizes. It should be noted that it is not necessary to calculate the whole number of gutters, the remaining trimmings can be successfully used for another building.
The next step is to find out how much is needed hooks (holders) for the gutter. The average distance at which they are mounted is 0.7 meters. In a similar way, we find that the brackets need 16 / 0.7 \u003d 23.
Plugs are calculated very simply. For such a roof shape, their number will be 2 pieces.
Also, to increase the tightness of the drainage system, gutter connectors with a rubber gasket should be installed. In total, you need 5 elements.
In order to find out the exact number of funnelscarrying out the flow of water from the gutter into the drain pipe, an important point must be taken into account: each element of the drain should not have more 50 m2 roof... In other words, if in this case you have a slope more than 6 meters long, it is better to install 2 funnels on each side of the house. Otherwise, the entire system will not perform its functions 100%, and in the future, water leaks through the gutter are possible. In our case, you should install 2 funnels.
amount pipe elbow calculated according to the rule: 3 for each funnel. One of them will serve as a branch and will be located at the lowest part of the pipe.
Like the gutters, the pipes are about 3 meters long and there are also connecting elements (1 meter long) that are mounted between 2 bends and are designed to bypass the roof overhang. Accordingly, you can easily find out how many pipes are needed for a particular drainage system.
Don't forget to attach the pipe. They need 1 piece for each meter of pipe.
For more complex roofs the gutter is calculated individually using additional elements such as gutter angle (external and internal), pipe tee, etc. We hope that this article will help you determine how many components you need for the catchment area of \u200b\u200ba private house, cottage or bath.
A large amount of precipitation falls on the roof of any building.
So that they do not then flow down the walls and seep into the ground under the foundation of the house, it is necessary to arrange reliable system drainage.
In total, there are two types of drainage systems in construction:
- unorganized;
- organized.
When water flows down the slopes of the roof directly onto the blind area of \u200b\u200bthe building, then this is called a disorganized system.
When a drainage structure is installed on the roof and water is diverted to a specific place, then such a system is called organized.
Unorganized drainage is mainly used on flat roofs.
The advantage of this method is only one - you do not need to spend money on gutters, pipes, fixtures and work.
And there are a lot of shortcomings!
Water contributes to the destruction of walls, basements, blind areas.
The foundation wears out much earlier than expected.
If people walk under the house, then the water falls directly on them.
An organized drainage system from the roof of a house is a completely different matter!
Water does not fall on structural elements at home and they serve as much as possible.
After all, special drainage units are installed to drain water, and the water goes to a specially organized place.
Also, the drainage system has certain aesthetic functions.
The house, on which no drainage structure is installed, looks unfinished.
It looks as if there were no curtains in the room.
And if the type of gutter is chosen correctly from the point of view of design, then it will become an additional decoration of the house.
How to calculate correctly
Where does the calculation of the drain begin
The main characteristic of the drainage system is its capacity.
That is, a certain amount of water that the system can easily drain from your roof.
Let's take an example of how the calculation is performed.
We calculate the drainage area.
First, you need to calculate the roof area from which you want to drain water:
S \u003d 5.5 x 12.5 \u003d 68.75 sq. meters.
Now we use the formula:
Q \u003d S x q / 10000 \u003d 68.75 x 267/10000 \u003d 1.84 liters / sec.
The number 267 is the maximum precipitation intensity.
Each region has its own.
Now we take a table that indicates the throughput of the systems:
| Gutter system | Bandwidth qn (l / s) | Bandwidth qn (l / s) | Drainage area S (m2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stand at the corner of the house | Riser in the center of the wall | |||
| X1 | 1,91 | 71,54 | 3,82 | 143,07 |
| X2 | 3,09 | 115,73 | 6,18 | 231,46 |
| X3 | 4,78 | 179,03 | 9,56 | 358,05 |
| X4 | 7,49 | 280,52 | 14,98 | 561,05 |
And we select a specific system.
For our drainage area, the X1 system will be the most effective.
That is, when the riser is installed at the corner of the building.
Such a system has a throughput of 1.91 liters / sec.
Knowing our throughput, it is easy to calculate the required number of risers:
N \u003d Q / qn \u003d 1.84 / 1.91 \u003d 0.96.
That is, one riser is enough for us.
Video about the roof drainage system
Sergey Novozhilov - expert in roofing materials with 9 years of experience practical work in the field of engineering solutions in construction.
- House length (cm) (L)
- House height (cm) (H
- Number of corners of the house
To find out the exact price for the Alta-Profile drainage system, you can call the nearest partner of our company in your region - all phones and addresses are located on a special page. And so that you can make a preliminary estimate of the cost of materials for the installation of a drainage system, we offer you a convenient online calculator.
What do you need to calculate the gutter system using a calculator? Just prepare the initial data about your project and enter it in the fields of the calculator. The result obtained depends on the accuracy of the following parameters:
- The number of roof slopes - depends on the type of roof (gable, hip, hip, mansard, etc.);
- The length of the lower perimeter of the roof slopes;
- The height of the walls from the lower edge of the basement to the overhangs of the roof slope.
Using our calculator, you will find out the approximate cost of gutters, which is also influenced by other factors. For example, this is the choice of the execution of the drainage system (Elite or Standard), the material of the walls of the building. Also important are the possibility and methods of installing fasteners, the presence or absence of a stormwater system, protrusions on the walls, the distance between the eaves of the roof and the wall of the building. All this information will be required in order to clarify the calculation of the gutter in the future when ordering the material and select the required set of elements for its installation.
How to calculate the drainage system?
Upload date: 2014-12-29
How to choose drainage elements?
The number of types of elements is quite large, and they cost differently. But in each specific case, you will need your own configuration option in order to assemble reliable and efficient plastic gutters... The final cost of such a kit can only be made by a specialist - after careful measurements and evaluation design features buildings.
One of the important protective measures that contribute to an increase in the life of the facade, base and roof covering of a building is robust design drainage of atmospheric precipitation from roof surfaces.
Only a correctly and correctly made calculation of the drainage system can become a guarantee of a comfortable and long stay in the house. Possession of knowledge regarding the calculation of components for the assembly of a drainage structure helps to optimize the costs of its creation.
Types of drainage systems
Structures for drainage of water from buildings, depending on the slope, parameters and type of roof, are:
- organized;
- unorganized.
When calculating the elements of external drainage systems, a number of rules are followed:
- gutters can be mounted on a roof in which the slope of the slopes is at least 15 degrees;
- the slope of the gutter in the longitudinal direction must be at least 2%;
- the height of the sides of the gutters cannot be less than 120 millimeters;
- the diameter of the pipe is determined at the rate of 1.5 cm² of section per 1 m² of the roof;
- the gap between the pipes cannot exceed 24 meters.
The above rules apply exclusively to gutter systems installed on the roofs of buildings located in regions where the likelihood of water freezing is minimal.
Regardless of the climatic zone, experts advise organizing internal gutters with external liquid drainage systems, which consist of the following elements:
- risers;
- funnels;
- branch pipes;
- release.
The drainage system, depending on functional purpose and configurations can be supplemented with various accessories.
Determination of the number of funnels
The purpose of internal drainage structures is to remove water from the roof surface at any outside temperature, regardless of the amount of precipitation. Next, the liquid must be redirected to the rain or municipal sewer.
The number of gutters per roof area is calculated as follows: 1 product must be installed per 0.75 m². For internal systems these elements are placed along the longitudinal axis of the roof. Both funnels and risers are not mounted in the outer walls, since in winter time they can freeze.
When determining the number of funnels, a number of conditions are taken into account:
- When there are no obstacles for the linear expansion of the gutter, the length of which does not exceed 12 meters, mount 1 funnel;
- With the length of the gutter from 12 meters and the presence of obstacles, a compensating funnel is placed at the end of the slope;
- If the gutter is laid along the perimeter of the building, joint installation of both expansion joints and funnels is performed.
Funnels are calculated on the basis of passport data regarding their size, fixation method and throughput. It must be remembered that the number of these elements always corresponds to the number of pipes in the drainage system.
Calculation of pipes, number of gutters and fasteners
Before proceeding with the device of the external drainage structure, it is necessary to examine the house for the presence of features in its architecture. It is impossible that the drainage system of drainage from the roof violates the appearance of the house. If it does not fit into the facade of the building, it is better to place it on the back side. For this purpose, special commercially available accessories are used.
It is necessary to begin the calculation of the drainage system by determining the area of \u200b\u200bthe roofing surface from which precipitation will be removed. For this, simple geometric formulas are used. It is generally accepted that a 100 mm downpipe is capable of draining liquid from a roof area of \u200b\u200bup to 220 m².
The size of the groove section is determined taking into account the slope angle. The steeper the slope, the higher the edge of the gutter should be. This is due to an increase in the area from which precipitation is collected.
To determine the number of gutters, you need to know the length of the cornice and the dimensions of the components sold on the market. Plastic products, as a rule, they are sold in a length of 3 or 4 meters, galvanized - 2 meters. For example, the length of the cornice is 14 meters, then you need to purchase 7 galvanized gutters or 3 plastic gutters of 4 meters each and 1 three-meter length. Couplings for docking take one less than gutters.
To determine the number of hooks for fastening, use the formula:
N \u003d (L - 0.3) :( 0.6 +1), while:
N is the required value;
The number of downspouts is determined using the formula:
N pipes \u003d (0.2 × N cornice – H bend + Linserts): Lpipes, where:
H cornice - the distance between it and the ground;
H bend - the height of the pipe bend;
L insert - length of the funnel insert;
L of pipes - the length of the pipe (usually 3 or 4 meters).
A minimum of 2 clamps are used to secure each length of downpipe.
We take into account the length and area of \u200b\u200bthe roof
When calculating the internal drain, based on the cross-section of the pipe, for example, for the drainage system gable roof, you need to know the maximum volume of liquid that can drain from the roof surface. For this, the area of \u200b\u200bboth rays is measured and multiplied by the maximum possible amount of atmospheric precipitation characteristic of the region.
You can use a simplified calculation when it is assumed that there is one "square" of the roof per 1 cm² of pipe section.
A timely and competent calculation of the drainage structure for the roof of their own household allows owners to save a considerable amount of money by optimizing the purchase of components and components.
