Why the basement is the coldest place in the house at any time of the year. Why is the basement the coldest place in the house? Basement ventilation Why basement ventilation is such an important question
It happens that we wonder why the basement is the coldest place in the house or how to make it so. And if there is no basement in a private cottage? What else can serve as a special multifunctional room for storing winter spins, household utensils, sports equipment, placing communications? What is the difference between a cellar and a basement? The advantages and disadvantages of each are briefly described in this article.
Cellar or basement?
Answering the question, it is important to understand the goal setting, the purpose of this or that room. The basement is an underground non-residential part of the building. Often it is adapted for a workshop, utility room, garage and other useful open plan area. It is characterized by longevity, full height of a person, lack of natural sunlight, constancy of daily and average annual temperature regimes... When arranging it to a depth of 2 meters and below, the average annual temperature fluctuates between +5 - + 10 ° C both in the heat and in severe frosts, even when no one lives in the house and it is not heated. That's why it's the coldest place in the basement. Usually it settles down under the kitchen, but it can run along the perimeter of the entire residential building.
The cellar serves exclusively as a storage place for blanks. This is a kind of roomy refrigerator equipped with shelves and partitions. It can be arranged at the house, in the same basement, or stand apart on summer cottage, more often on dry slopes, hills to minimize contact with groundwater. It is compact in comparison with its "brother", you can only look into some structures to get a can of a blank from the shelf. Its size will depend on the needs of the owner and the expected volume of harvesting. In terms of finance, it is less costly.
The average student studying the basics of physics will be able to answer this question on the fly: cold air is heavy, dense, it goes down. This is the so-called natural convection. And the heat generated by heating the roof sunbeams, does not reach the lowest room. But this is far from the only one possible variant answer.
Basement quality characteristics
The basement requires significant investments in construction and decoration (about a quarter of the estimated cost of the whole house). Why? The basement is the coldest place in the house. In order for this statement to correspond to reality, a high-quality construction of a structure is required, which requires the determination of the structure of the soil, the implementation of land (for the preparation of a volumetric pit), drainage (for the removal of surface and ground water), concrete work. It is also necessary to make a clay castle of dense ramming, a waterproofing sand and gravel pad, to treat the walls, the floor (for example, with bitumen emulsions). After all, the main enemies for such a room are water, dampness, musty, stale air. Hence, the main parameters that can extend the service life of the room are important: the resistance of the walls to the pressure of earth rocks, destructive effects, high waterproofing and ventilation properties.
Thermal insulation - the basis for the basement
Also why is the basement the coldest place in the house? The answer to the question is good thermal insulation, providing protection of ceilings, doors, hatches, walls around the perimeter of the room from freezing.
The use of state-of-the-art insulating materials (expanded polystyrene, fibrous wadding), as a rule, from the outside of the building, will avoid the formation of condensation, mildew and mold, and will also save 15-20% of thermal energy, which will not leave the house, spent on heating. unheated premises.
It happens that we wonder why the basement is the coldest place in the house or how to make it so. And if there is no basement in a private cottage? What else can serve as a special multifunctional room for storing winter spins, household utensils, sports equipment, placing communications? What is the difference between a cellar and a basement? The advantages and disadvantages of each are briefly described in this article.
Cellar or basement?
Answering the question, it is important to understand the goal setting, the purpose of this or that room. The basement is an underground non-residential part of the building. Often it is adapted for a workshop, utility room, garage and other useful open plan area. It is characterized by durability, full height, lack of natural sunlight, constancy of average daily and average annual temperature regimes. When arranging it to a depth of 2 meters or less, the average annual temperature fluctuates between +5 - + 10 ° C both in the heat and in severe frosts, even when no one lives in the house and it is not heated. This is why the basement is the coldest place. Usually it settles down under the kitchen, but it can run along the perimeter of the entire residential building.
The cellar serves exclusively as a storage place for blanks. This is a kind of roomy refrigerator equipped with shelves and partitions. It can be arranged in the house, in the same basement, or stand apart in a summer cottage, more often on dry slopes, hills to minimize contact with groundwater. It is compact in comparison with its “brother”, you can only look into some structures to get a can of a blank from the shelf. Its size will depend on the needs of the owner and the expected volume of harvesting. In terms of finance, it is less costly.
The average student studying the basics of physics will be able to answer this question on the fly: cold air is heavy, dense, it goes down. This is the so-called natural convection. And the heat generated from the heating of the roof by the sun's rays does not reach the lowest room. But this is far from the only possible answer.
Basement quality characteristics
The basement requires significant investments in construction and decoration (about a quarter of the estimated cost of the whole house). Why? The basement is the coldest place in the house. In order for this statement to correspond to reality, a high-quality construction of a structure is required, which requires the determination of the structure of the soil, the implementation of land (for the preparation of a volumetric pit), drainage (for the removal of surface and ground water), concrete work. It is also necessary to make a clay castle of dense ramming, a waterproofing sand and gravel pad, to treat the walls, the floor (for example, with bitumen emulsions). After all, the main enemies for such a room are water, dampness, musty, stale air. Hence, the main parameters that can extend the service life of the room are important: the resistance of the walls to the pressure of earth rocks, destructive effects, high waterproofing and ventilation properties.
Thermal insulation - the basis for the basement
Also why is the basement the coldest place in the house? The answer to this question is good thermal insulation, which protects ceilings, doors, hatches, walls around the perimeter of the room from freezing.
The use of ultra-modern (expanded polystyrene, fibrous cotton insulation), usually from the outside of the building, will avoid the formation of condensation, mildew and mold, and will also save 15-20% of thermal energy that will not leave the house, spent on heating an unheated room ...
Have you ever wondered why the basement is the coldest place in the house, and how to ensure the optimal temperature level in this room?
The basement in a private house is used for private purposes. Since it is cold in this part of the house, in 90% of cases foodstuffs are stored on the basement floor: fruits, vegetables and canned food. Sometimes a workshop, a gym, a sauna are set up in the room.
Regardless of the purpose of using the basement, it is required to ensure harmonious air circulation. This can be achieved by conducting ventilation systems or by organizing natural air exchange. You can cope with the task yourself or with the help of a wizard. The volume and complexity of the work will depend on the complexity of the basement ventilation design in the house and the size of the room.
With properly equipped natural ventilation, the coolness will remain inside the basement, regardless of the season. But if assembly work on the arrangement of the ventilation system were carried out in violation of technical recommendations, it will be necessary to provide artificial or forced ventilation. Carrying out such a communication system is not complete without special devices that are not cheap. For example, an air conditioner.
Why is ventilation in the basement such an important issue?
The lack of constant air circulation in the room does not contribute to the elimination of excess moisture, which subsequently, settling on the walls, contributes to the formation of mold and mildew. To prevent this from happening cottage with a basement provide a well-designed ventilation or air conditioning system.
Design features of a natural duct
The well-coordinated operation of the ventilation system in the basement is possible with the correct placement of the lower part of the chimney. It is located under the basement ceiling.
If the basement is planned for storing food, then the pipe is placed over a rack or shelf where fruits and vegetables are stored.
The upper part of the chimney is led out through the constructed ceilings. Its end is taken out at a distance of 30 to 60 cm from the roof, which minimizes the ingress of snow and melt water from the roof into the basement.
Understanding the question of why the basement is the coldest place in the house, keep in mind that condensation forms inside the pipes, and so that moisture does not get into the basement, a special reservoir is installed in the cellar to collect water.
Any pipes are used for arranging ventilation in the basement. These are PVC or asbestos-cement products that are distinguished by their efficiency, thermal conductivity, and durability. This is why the basement is the coldest place in the house.
Why is it cool in the basement?
Cold air is denser and heavier than warm air, which is why it sinks to the lower level of the house - to the basement. Cooled air accumulates here, forming a microclimate, explaining the reason why the basement is the coldest place in the house. Passing the way from the upper floor to the basement, the air masses are gradually cooled, and warm air rises to the top. Thus, natural convection is formed - heat exchange between air masses of different temperatures.
Now you know the reason why the basement is coolest and what contributes to it. The considered example of natural ventilation is easy to implement, therefore it is easy to cope with such a task on your own. But due to the need, special air exchange and air conditioning systems are installed in the basement, and with such a question it is better to contact the master.
Try to control the ventilation arrangement in the basement. If you are planning to build a house, then pay special attention to this activity. It is advisable to develop a separate project in order to prevent the occurrence of problems during the further operation of the premises.
