Technology of installation of stair railings. Manufacture and installation of stair railings Installation of stair railings
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During this time we have acquired successful experience in the implementation of the most complex and large-scale projects.
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We have a team of professionals
Our company exists in the market of installation services for more than 10 years. During this time we have gained successful experience in the implementation of the most complex and large-scale projects.
Quality production
Using only the best and proven materials, as well as the work of highly qualified employees is the key to success for the implementation of your plans.
Speed and quality of installation
Large volumes of production enable us to offer customers the lowest prices for railings, without loss of quality and with the minimum installation time.
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Benefits of working with our company.
- Experience.
- Terms of manufacture and installation.
- The quality of work.
- Price.
More than 10 years of work in the industry has allowed us to accumulate a colossal store of knowledge.
The management of the company have specialized engineering and construction education. We can solve engineering problems of any degree of complexity.
We have developed design solutions for design organizations. These solutions comply with all SNIP standards and greatly simplify the work of designers.
The team of welders consists of specialists of the highest category. Argon-arc welding allows you to perform work of jewelry precision and workmanship.
Installation of railings, as a rule, takes place in the final stage finishing works. The speed and quality of installation directly affects the delivery time of the object.
Our experts carry out installation in the shortest possible time even on large objects. We leave no dirt or debris behind.
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Our experience and qualification of employees allows us to carry out installation on several large objects at the same time. Large volumes of production enable us to offer customers the lowest prices for railings, without loss of quality and with the minimum installation time.
Installation of stair railings
Installation of stair railings Each employee of the company is a specialist of the highest category. Quality production Using only the best and proven materials, as well as labor
Fastening the railing to the stairs: installation instructions
Any multi-storey building is not complete without stairs. This is often the only way to move from floor to floor. The fact that in large shopping centers and similar enterprises all work is carried out by contractors is a matter of course. But if you are installing a staircase in a private house, then you can make a staircase and railings or handrails for it yourself, in order to save money.
How to attach railings?
wooden railing
Wooden railings consist of handrails and balusters. Handrails perform the coupling function of all balusters, which ensures the reliability and strength of the entire structure. In addition, it provides convenience when moving up the stairs. To mount them, you will need a hacksaw, a chisel, a hammer, a square, screwdrivers, a level, a plumb line, and so on.
The installation process itself consists of several stages:
- First of all, extreme pedestals are installed, at a height of 80-90 cm, from the floor. This is the average height at which a person feels comfortable lifting. After installation, you need to pull the rope and try to go up and down the stairs, if the height suits you, then leave everything as it is, no - fix it.
- Then you need to calculate the frequency of the balusters and drill holes in the handrail. The gap between the balusters can be different, but not more than 20 cm, otherwise small children can crawl into them and fall down the stairs.
- Then you should saw off the upper edges of the balusters at an angle of a stretched bowstring. The bottom edges remain straight if mounted on steps, or at a similar angle if mounted on a straight board.
- It is best to mount on self-tapping screws, having previously made notches on the handrails and steps and spikes on the balusters, additionally putting the entire structure on glue.
aluminum railing
Do-it-yourself installation of aluminum railings is quite simple and does not take much time. It is produced in just a few steps:
- Before starting installation, it is necessary to make markings on the stairs in those places where you will install balusters. In these places it will be necessary to make holes 18 mm in diameter and 100 mm deep. After all the holes are drilled, it will be necessary to fill them with two-component adhesive and insert anchors into them.
- Scroll the anchors, you need them to be well fixed, only then inflate the baluster racks on them. It is necessary to make 2-3 holes in different places, so that in the future it would be convenient to adjust it. But the total height of the holes should not exceed the height of the anchors.
- Put on a flange through the upper edge, which in the future will be an additional fastening of the entire structure. Lower it to the floor, and put the hinges on the upper edge.
- Now it is necessary to put a handrail on the hinges and adjust it in height, after which the height is fixed with self-tapping screws, screwing them to the anchors. The flange must be glued to the floor with silicone adhesive.
- The handrail is fixed to the hinges with self-tapping screws. If the staircase consists of several flights, then all the handrails are interconnected with the help of rotary elements, which are made in two types: 90 and 135 degrees.
Stainless steel railing
Assembly begins with the installation of racks on the last and first steps. Keep in mind that it is necessary to drill holes for the posts in the middle of the step, retreating from the edges by 35-50 mm, this will prevent the occurrence of chips and cracks. Next, install intermediate racks, as in the case of aluminum railings. Depending on the design, you can end the railing with end caps or you can make turns to the next floor.
Wrought iron railing
Do-it-yourself installation of forged railings is not so difficult as it seems at first glance. You can buy ready-made elements, the choice now seems to be wide. Or you can turn to a blacksmith to make it to order, then he will make all the details according to your individual sketches, which will fully comply with the aesthetic requirements of your building.
The installation itself requires minimal welding skills. The main thing is to make the corners on the steps, and then connect all the parts by welding. Of course, you first need to mark the places where the parts will be welded. When the structure is installed, you need to prime and paint in any color that suits you.
That's all the main types of railing fastenings for stairs. Choose a convenient and acceptable way for you and decorate your favorite home or make an individual beauty salon. Remember, everything is in your hands.
Fastening the railing to the stairs: installation instructions
Installation of railings and handrails for stairs is quite feasible with your own hands with minimal building skills.
Ladder installation: reliability at the forefront
Installation of the span: with feeling, with sense, with arrangement
Not only apartment buildings, but private buildings often have more than one floor in height. To move between levels, the installation of flights of stairs and landings is required. This article provides basic ideas about structural elements stairs, their characteristics and GOST standards.
Metal frame of the staircase
Elements of the staircase
When choosing a transitional structure between floors, the inhabitant most often gives priority to the beauty and aesthetics of the stair elements, but one should not forget that the staircase device must first of all ensure the utilitarian requirements regulated by GOST, among which safety is paramount.
Structural elements of stairs
Below are the definitions of the main ladder elements:
- Span of a marching type (march) - the number of steps between the platforms.
- The turning point is the horizontal zone of the division of march spans.
- Stringers - special bases for step stops.
- Riser - vertical elements of the step, covering the space under it.
- Bowstring - solid wood or metal beam connecting all steps of the march.
- Balusters - a support on which the railing of the fence is attached.
Materials for stairs
Depending on what materials the ladder is made of, both the price of the product and its characteristics depend.
For marches and spans used:
- wood is the most common material from which it is easy to make stringers, steps and fences,
- metal is the most durable
- stone - durable and reliable in operation,
- glass is a modern original solution,
- concrete and reinforced concrete are the "classics" of modern construction.
Old stone staircase
Main characteristics of marches and platforms
According to GOST, the slope of the march is 1:2 - 1:1.75 of the ratio of the height to the length of the step, for auxiliary steps - no steeper than 1:1.25. The steps in the march are made the same, convenient for walking, their number is not less than three and not more than 18. The most common marches with 10 - 13 steps - this number is considered the most convenient when climbing or descending.
The width of the steps should ensure the setting of a full foot (at least 250 mm), the height should be in the range of 130-200 mm. The fencing of platforms and marches is carried out with a height of 0.9 m. The width of the marches according to GOST is at least 800-1000 mm, and the width of the platform is not less than the same value chosen for the march.
Preparing for installation
Depending on the material, the work performed for the construction of the stairs differs. They can be divided into two stages: preparation of elements and installation.
Installation of stairs and landings by specialists begins with the preparation of a project, where they visualize the nuances of operations, the arrangement of parts of the structure and compliance with GOST.
Based technical documentation elements of the required sizes are purchased or manufactured: stringers, steps, platforms and fences. The place of their fasteners is marked and, if necessary, pre-assembly. At this stage, it is important to comply with the GOST requirements for the dimensions and configuration of stairs.
Installation of basic elements
Ways of fastening steps
The fasteners of the stair elements also depend on the type of material that determines what characteristics the stringers and other components should have. One thing is invariable - the installation must ensure a rigid fixation of flights of stairs and landings to the bearing walls. This is the price of security.
Installation of fences
The fencing of marches and platforms is one of the important components of the stairs. Its primary task is to ensure safety (to protect against a possible fall) and ease of movement (to serve as a support during ascent or descent).
- balusters - vertical or horizontal supports of the fence,
- handrails,
- filling - an element of the fence that performs as a decorative function (due to decoration), and protective (limiting the space between the balusters).
Requirements for stair railings are regulated by GOST standards, according to which their height for internal stairs is at least 90 centimeters. Fences should be free of sharp corners and protrusions and have a refractory finish.
The stairs must be safe for the child
Special requirements apply to stairs in institutions where children are located (schools or kindergartens). Here, the execution according to GOST should be such as to protect the kids: it is imperative to install additional handrails 50 centimeters high. The maximum gap between the balusters is 10 cm. If there are children in a private house, it is worth observing these GOST requirements when building a staircase fence.
There are various methods for attaching railing balusters to marches and platforms: welding, concreting, fixing with screws - for each material there is its own, most correct, solution. The main condition: the design of the stairs must be safe.
The collected information outlines the main milestones of "stair building". Those who wish to study in more detail the "narrow" questions, we invite you to find answers on our Internet resource or leave a comment with wishes on the disclosure of the topic of interest. For example, more details about the GOST requirements for flights of stairs have already been written in the corresponding article.
Ladder installation: reliability at the forefront
Installation of flights of stairs and landings must be carried out taking into account the requirements of GOST and SNiP. Otherwise, there is a risk of the span being skewed, which is dangerous for people.
Do-it-yourself installation of balusters and railings: methods of fastening and installation
When arranging stairs with your own hands, it is important to know how to properly fasten balusters and railings so that the structure is not only reliable and stable, but also looks neat. The technology for performing such work may differ depending on the materials used and design.
Functions and types of products
First you need to deal with the very device of railings and balusters, their functions and varieties, and only then consider the installation itself. Both of these elements form a fence with handrails, the installation of which in most cases is mandatory for arranging stairs. Balusters perform the following functions:
- create decoration march,
- serve as a support for handrails,
- give the fence rigidity,
- prevent injury or falling down stairs.
On top of the balusters, you should install the railing directly. They provide convenience and safety of movement on a ladder. In addition, they are a kind of final element of fences and carry a certain aesthetic load.
One design can combine various materials. At the same time, the methods of fastening such balusters and railings can be radically different. In order to better understand this issue, three main categories of materials used for fencing should be distinguished:
Varieties of stair railings depending on the material of manufacture
You can also find a combination of metal with glass or plastic and other spectacular combinations.
Hardware
Consider the process of installing balusters and railings with your own hands, starting with metal products. Such elements may differ in the type of alloy used, the shape and principle of use. First of all, the following categories should be distinguished:
- painted iron. The simplest option. Balusters are metal tubes, plates or molded pieces coated with paint to protect against rust.
- Stainless tubes. Standard option for both residential and office buildings. Goes well with plastic railings. They have a pleasant appearance and do not give in to corrosion.
- Forged elements. Curly and openwork balusters created by cold or hot forging.
Metal railings for stairs can be made from various alloys.
The fastening of such products can be of two types: welded and screw. In the first case, individual fragments are connected to each other and to the frame of the fence by means of welding. The seams should be sanded so as not to spoil appearance designs. In the second case, all parts are fixed with bolts. It is in this way that the fastening of the railing to the metal balusters is provided. Metal poles and wooden handrails are perhaps the best combination for both indoor and outdoor use.
The railing sections themselves are attached to the steps or the wall with bolts and base plates. If there are metal parts or fittings, they can be welded.
Methods of fastening metal fences
Wooden fences
Another popular type of structures for stairs is wooden fencing. Various fixing methods are also available here, allowing you to install railings and balusters from natural wood. First of all, it is necessary to distinguish between types of supports:
- Flat - products made of plywood or flat boards.
- Simple planks are planks of wood with a square or round section sawn into the desired segments.
- Figured - are made by processing a blank of wood on milling machine according to the template.
- Carved - decorated with carvings, are the most difficult to perform.
Types of supports for wooden stair railings
In order to mount such a fence, you can use several tricks. In most cases, it is better to install balusters directly to the surface of the steps. It can be fixed on stringers, if their dimensions allow. In some cases, it is possible to take them out of the stringers. Also, balusters are sometimes used, especially on marching platforms.
Wooden balusters themselves can be fixed in the following ways:
- on glue using dowels,
- using self-tapping screws
- on metal studs and screwed hinges.
Ways of fastening wooden fences
By the same principles, you need to fasten the railing. In order to display an even design, the height and position of each element are checked by level. The upper part of the baluster is sawn if necessary. From above to the beveled cut, handrails are mounted.
In order to avoid problems with the angle of inclination of the fasteners, it is best to use conformal mounting or screw-in hinges. The latter are especially good for joining elements on the turning sections of the stairs.
concrete models
Separately, you should consider the process of installing railings and balusters made of concrete. It is not always possible to do such work with your own hands alone, since structural elements often have considerable weight. This staircase design option is more suitable for street buildings, but it will also be appropriate in spacious buildings with concrete or stone stairs.
Concrete structures are more suitable for outdoor use
Such balusters are most often made by pouring a solution into a mold. To make them easier to carry, you can make half-pieces and then connect them with fresh mortar. For greater strength, concrete is reinforced with metal. In the future, it is the reinforcement that can serve as the basis for connecting the fragments of the fence. Such balusters are welded on in advance certain place, where a metal rod is preliminarily laid in concrete.
An alternative installation option is base mounting. In this case, it is necessary to provide for the presence of a hole in the center in the baluster. As a basis, it is best to use the same reinforcement. Concrete railings are laid with the same principle, additionally reinforced with mortar. In the future, they can be finished with tiles or stone.
Scheme of installation of concrete balusters
In order for the installation of fences with your own hands to be done with high quality, regardless of the material, be sure to check the strength of the fasteners and the desired level.
Do-it-yourself installation of balusters and railings: methods of fastening and installation
The purpose of railings and balusters, their main types and methods of fastening the elements of the fence, depending on the type of materials used.
Today we will consider the issue of fastening balusters and railings during the device wooden stairs. Even a person who is not tempted by the intricacies of carpentry understands how rich and noble the appearance of wooden stairs is, how difficult they are to manufacture and install.
Calculation and production of parts
The fencing of a wooden staircase consists of three key elements:
- Railings - horizontal or inclined elements for which a hand grip is carried out.
- Balusters - vertical supports between steps and railings.
- Pillars or pedestals - vertical racks against which the ends of the railing rest. Usually the pillars have chiseled or carved heads.
The details of each group are made individually, after which they are assembled at the installation site. Pillars and balusters are made mainly by turning, and railings - by milling.
It is necessary to start the calculation of the fence from the railing, including straight and curved segments. In general, the configuration of the railing is determined by the shape of the stairs in plan. For the base in the calculations, the outer edges of the steps are taken, the railings are located with some indentation from them to the center of the flight of stairs. The offset is necessary so that the fulcrum of the pillars and balusters is not located on the very edge. The amount of indentation is determined by the section of the supports, plus some arbitrary value is added, which is dictated by aesthetic considerations. It is also necessary to take into account such specific circumstances as the overlap of spans in the plan, achieving a symmetrical indent on adjacent flights and at the same time maintaining the width of the passage as much as possible.
In space, individual parts of the railing can be located strictly horizontally and under the general slope of the stairs. Calculation of the length and dimensions of the horizontal segments can be done by displaying the railing sketch on the stair plan drawing. Inclined elements are calculated in a similar way, but to calculate their actual length, it is necessary to divide the projection length by the cosine of the angle at which the flight of stairs is inclined relative to the horizontal normal.
When calculating pillars and balusters, several requirements apply, the most important of which is the height of the fences. According to GOST, the railing of stairs must rise above the plane of steps by at least 90 cm in residential buildings and at least 120 cm in public institutions and on street flights of stairs. The axial profile of the pillars and balusters can be arbitrary, but there are certain requirements: the thickness of the pillars in the plane of the support must be at least 10% of their height, the balusters can be 2-2.5 times thinner. The length of the balusters should be equal to the height of the fence + 7-10%, while in the base part a uniform profile (preferably faceted) should be maintained for a length of at least 5% of the total. Pillars are made in the amount of at least two for each flight of stairs, the number of balusters is equal to or twice as high as the number of steps.
The width of the railing in the plan should be less than the thickness of the faceting of the pillars in the junction zone by approximately 30-50 mm and more than the thickness of the balusters by 15-20 mm. The milling profile can be arbitrary, but the rounded top with two longitudinal necks for a more secure grip is considered the preferred option. The length of the handrail segments should have an allowance of 50-80 mm on both sides for cutting and fitting.
Pre-assembly and preparation for installation
Before starting the installation of the stairs, it is necessary to pre-assemble the straight segments of the railing on the adhesive joints. The spatial arrangement of the handrails is a guide for calculating the attachment points of the vertical elements of the fence. Since the railing is precisely machined and has a flat bottom edge, it is convenient to use it as a straight rail for further marking.
Sometimes, at the corners and turns of flights of stairs, the distance between flights forces the installation of short handrail inserts between the posts. Depending on the configuration of the stairs, these sections are assembled either from one or more radius segments, or from linear segments. The railing elements are prepared and glued in advance, the connection is made on hidden domino-type spikes, or on 2-3 cylindrical dowels.
Also, before starting work, wooden dowels for fastening balusters and pillars should be stocked in the right amount. It is also desirable to cut the poles themselves to size: if this could not be done in the workshop, then due to the significant section, processing with a miter saw is not possible. It is better to mark the perimeter of the base part under the square, making sure that the end of the last line coincides with the beginning of the first. Trimming is carried out along this line with a hand saw with a fine tooth, it is advisable to alternately go deeper into each face by 3-5 mm. For greater certainty, you can fix the limit rail with clamps.
Marking and fastening of pillars
The posts are the base for positioning the entire stair railing. They are located on each upper and lower step of each flight of stairs. If there are intermediate platforms, including turning ones, this rule must also be observed. At the same time, the uppermost post may be common for railings and balustrades.
Factory poles are of two types: solid and box-shaped, that is, glued from strips of thick plywood or wood panels. It is very important that each post has a straight edge at the junction of the handrails, because in the case of docking with a round support, factory trimming of the railing edges is required, which greatly complicates the installation process.
Hollow pillars are fastened through a boss - a 150-200 mm piece of timber, the outer dimension of which corresponds to the cavity of the pillar as much as possible. The boss is attached through a through axial hole by means of a pin screwed into a step or platform. This method of fastening allows the column to rotate around its axis and a small transverse play for its precise positioning. The gluing of a hollow column is carried out on a glue of a thick consistency, the lower end is preliminarily lubricated with a small amount of sealant, this belt around the perimeter will prevent excess glue from being squeezed out.
A - box-shaped pole with fastening through the boss. B - one-piece pole with fastening on a dowel. 1 - pillar; 2 - base; 3 - plinth; 4 - hairpin or anchor; 5 - dowel
Monolithic pillars are fastened to one large (20-30 mm) dowel or to several small ones evenly distributed over the support area. With this method of fastening, it is desirable that the junction of the pole to the site be framed by a plinth, which helps to hide the adhesive seam and increase the plane of support. If there is a skirting board, you can also use the tie-down method for cabinet furniture, since the niches for the nuts will eventually be hidden anyway.
Alignment of pillars is better with parallel standing pairs, that is, at intermediate platforms where flights of stairs converge. The distance between the posts should provide a sufficiently large gap between the lower handrail and the steps of the upper march. In the longitudinal direction, the position of the pillars is determined by two long straight slats laid on the edges of the steps of converging marches. The plane laid out through the line of intersection of the rails is the ideal position for installing the posts. If necessary, they can be moved towards the spans, but not back, otherwise the railings will overlap. When paired poles are positioned on platforms and turns, the end ones are marked according to the same principle, it is important here that the pairing with the railing is performed at the same height.
Trimming, installation of balusters
Looking ahead, we note that the sequence of fastening the balusters to the steps, to the handrails, as well as the handrails themselves to the pillars, can be different depending on the method of assembling the fence. Previously, all balusters must be cut and mark the places of their fastening.
The bottom of the balusters is best mounted on dowels with zero tolerance by drilling the steps to a depth of 20 mm. To mark the centers of the holes, you need to shoot laser level vertical plane parallel to the end of the steps. If the balusters are installed in the amount of one piece per step, it is enough to find its middle using a square, based on the riser. When installing balusters in pairs, it is necessary to achieve their uniform pitch, for which the protrusion of the upper step above the lower one is beaten off with a square, and the remaining “clean” width is divided so that the centers of the balusters are 1/4 of the resulting segment from the edges.
When installing balusters, it is important to keep their heads strictly on the same line.
Balusters with a figured profile should be aligned in length with respect to the handrails. To do this, they are laid out on a flat plane, combining the profiles along their widest part. Next, a line is drawn under the long straight rail, which serves as a marking for trimming at a right angle.
An oblique cut of the top of the balusters is performed on miter saw or in a precision miter box. Trimming of balusters is carried out in groups for each flight of stairs. First you need to determine the actual slope of the stairs by laying a rail on the edges of the steps and beating the horizontal axis along it with a laser level. Based on this markup, a template is made using a bevel, according to which the saw turntable is fine-tuned.
Before oblique trimming, centering holes are made at the ends of the balusters, their depth should be sufficient to deepen the dowel at least 40 mm after trimming. In the lower part, drilling is carried out after trimming the balusters along the length. It is quite simple to do this: first, dry and strictly vertically, two extreme balusters of each span are installed, which are temporarily fastened together with a regular rail with a straight edge aligned with the upper edge of the oblique cut. Then, one by one, the balusters are put in their place, the excess length is determined with a caliper and the lower end is cut, if necessary, deepening the center hole and be sure to number the parts.
Handrail fastening
Handrail can be attached to poles different methods, among which the most popular are fixing on spikes or self-tapping screws with making through holes. The first method is more time consuming and often spiked fastening cannot be done without slot router with precise adjustment of the inclination of the sole. In the second case, installation is easier, but mounting holes remain on the backs of the pillars, which must be closed with decorative plugs.
Railing with railing
Fastening railings to balusters is done in two ways. Simple - by railing and a little more complex - on wooden dowels. The choice of mounting method depends entirely on the profile of the handrail: when fixing to an intermediate rail, a rectangular groove must be selected at the appropriate depth at the bottom of the product. The handrails for mounting on dowels should also have a groove equal to the width of the base part of the balusters, but it is intended solely for masking the attachment points and should have a depth of 5-7 mm.
The final assembly of the fence, as mentioned, can take place in a different sequence. When attaching to the railing rail, first balusters are glued to the steps on the dowels, after which the rail is mounted, and then cutting and fastening the railings with self-tapping screws from below. When installing balusters on dowels and attaching handrails to poles with self-tapping screws, all railings are first glued, while drilling in them must be carried out with a tolerance: in this case, landing on liquid nails will allow for more accurate alignment. If the balusters are attached to the dowels, and the posts to the handrails - with a spike connection, the pedestals are installed last, which requires the simultaneous positioning of all elements of the stairs in a short glue setting time.
Handrail finishing
As a rule, railings of wooden stairs are assembled from already primed and painted parts. In such cases, it remains only to disguise the places where the railings are spliced, where they adjoin the pillars and balusters to the steps, where gaps up to 1-1.5 mm thick can form. To fill the gaps, you can use an acrylic sealant or wood paste based on natural wax.
If wooden details do not have a protective coating at the time of assembly, the gaps in them are sealed with wood putty, and then the entire fence is primed and painted along with the stairs. It is recommended to apply two coats of a transparent water-soluble primer, followed by fine sanding to remove the raised pile. Next, the steps are covered with stain or azure in 2-3 layers. It is recommended to choose two coats of transparent polyurethane varnish as the main protective coating.
One of the main elements of the staircase design is its fencing. It performs two functions: protective and decorative, and consists of balusters, main support and intermediate posts, protective screens and handrails. Railings provide a safe movement of a person along the flight of stairs, give him support when walking and prevent falling over the perimeter of the stairs. To properly install the fence, you need to know how to fix the balusters and railings, depending on their type and material of manufacture. Let's try to understand this issue.
Balusters - an important element of the stair railing
Balusters are vertical supports on which a handrail is laid. They are installed directly on the steps, or attached to bowstrings or stringers. The shape of the balusters can be different and depends on the interior of the room, design features stairs and design ideas. They are able to decorate even the most nondescript flight of stairs, and they make balusters from:
- tree;
- metal;
- natural or artificial stone;
- concrete;
- gypsum;
- glass, etc.
Often there are stair railings, in which there is a combination of two or three types of materials that are in harmony with each other. It is on them that it largely depends on how to attach the balusters to the stairs, which installation option is better to choose.
Requirements
In order for the stair railing to be reliable and safe, when installing it, it is necessary to ensure compliance with some mandatory rules and conditions:
- the clear distance between the balusters must be at least 150 mm;
- the safe height of the railing can be at least 900 mm;
- fastening of the supports must be done at two points - to the handrails and the staircase structure (steps, bowstrings, stringers);
- handrails should be as comfortable and smooth as possible, but not slippery. Near the wall, they can be attached directly to it without installing balusters.
The main protective function of the railings is assumed by the support posts - lower and upper ones, therefore, their fastening must be approached more responsibly. Although the installation of intermediate balusters should be taken no less carefully. It is necessary that the fence withstand a person weighing 100 kg leaning on it.
The railing installation process consists of the following steps:
- installation of extreme (upper and lower) support pillars;
- marking the locations of balusters. To do this, you can use a thin but strong cord, or a laser level. Do not forget that markup accuracy is extremely important and avoids unnecessary problems;
- drawing center lines in the center of the balusters with a pencil or marker;
- preparation of the upper ends of the balusters. They must be sawn off in accordance with the slope of the flight of stairs. The lower ends are filed only if the vertical supports are installed on top of the bowstring or the fastening of the railing to the stairs has an individual design.
wooden stair railing
The main load-bearing elements of the fences can be attached to the steps with ordinary nails, but such a design will very quickly begin to loosen and become unusable after a short period of time. There are three main ways to make a more reliable fastening of the railing; handrails are mounted identically to the balusters. Fastenings are carried out:
- on stilettos;
- on dowels;
- on self-tapping screws.
When installing the railing on metal studs, a hole is drilled in the middle of the lower end of the wooden baluster with a depth of no more than 80 mm. Its diameter is usually 12 mm.
It should be noted that the studs, in order to avoid rust, must be galvanized. A pin is inserted into the hole so that it protrudes 5-7 cm beyond the surface. Using special glue, they are fixed in the desired position and await its final setting.
Installation of balusters on dowels, which are rounded wooden spikes, is carried out as follows:
- at the lower ends of the balusters and on the bowstring or steps, larger holes are drilled than for metal studs;
- dowels are inserted into the finished recesses, using glue identical to PVA for fastening;
- a baluster is placed on the dowels, filling the pre-prepared holes with glue;
- check the verticality of the racks using a level or plumb line and leave them for 2-3 hours until the glue has completely set;
- start installing handrails.
The easiest way is to install wooden balusters on self-tapping screws, which must be made of stainless steel. A self-tapping screw is screwed into the vertical support at an angle so that its tip protrudes slightly beyond the end of the baluster. Then it is installed in the desired position, and the self-tapping screw is screwed into the ladder structure to the end so that its cap is slightly recessed. In the future, the recess will not be difficult to seal with putty or wax.
Feature of fastening metal railings
The metal railing is combined with almost any material from which the staircase is made. It can give it severity, make it elegant or massive, give a touch of mystery or super technology. Forged railings are sophisticated and expensive, so the question of how to fix balusters and railings will be taken care of by specialists.
A simpler option is vertical stainless steel supports or with a special protective coating. Their package includes universal fasteners suitable for wood, or glass and metal. These can be hidden screws or fasteners with protruding spectacular elements.
Glass balusters
Glass railing elements modern interiors quite popular. Despite the apparent fragility, they have sufficient strength and reliability. Glass is attached to any base using metal hinges or nozzles. Protective screens made of glass are installed in certain profiles.
There are many more different materials, from which the railings are made, but we considered the main options for their fastening above. And the nuances appear, add up and are resolved in each case individually.
When planning the construction of a private house consisting of two or more floors, it is very important to pay special attention to the arrangement of stairs and railings for it, because without this useful design you are unlikely to get, for example, to the attic.
Particularly beautiful can be made railing for stairs, which, in addition to decorative purposes, also provides us with a safe climb to other floors of buildings. In the manufacture of railings, it is important to use only quality material, taking into account a number of special points, which we will discuss later.
Wooden fences add coziness to the home atmosphere
State standards
GOST for stair railings and general technical requirements
If you are going to make stair railings on your own, then in addition to your imagination, you must take into account some of the norms provided by the state.
Fences must be of a certain height, from 90 to 120cm
According to these rules and regulations (SNiP), it is important to build structures that will be safe both for you and for everyone who wants to visit your wonderful home. Special rules exist for the arrangement of stairs, which means that you will have to familiarize yourself with them, because depending on the design and material chosen, the methods and fixtures for installation may be different.
Stair railings from different materials
Brick railing
Railings concrete
Wooden railing
Railings metal and forged
All elements of metal fences are fastened by welding.
We install wooden railings ourselves
Required Tools
Required materials
- Handrails.
- End cabinets, dense vertical racks at the end and beginning of the stairs.
- And, of course, balusters, selected to your taste.
Forged balusters in combination with wooden railings look unsurpassed
Stages of work
Unusual wooden fence is ready!
The cost of fences from different materials
Unique fences will cost you dearly
- Granite railing - 500 rubles per linear meter.
- Marble railings - from 1500 rubles per linear meter.
- Wooden railings - from 180 rubles per linear meter, the price depends on the type of wood.
- Stainless steel railings - from 27,000 per linear meter.
- Forged railings - from 28 thousand rubles and more, per linear meter the price is about 6000 rubles.
- Decorative endings of handrails - from 7000 rubles.
Wrought iron railings for stairs will decorate any building
Completion
When installing stair railings, it is important to take into account generally accepted norms and rules, do not forget that their height should be selected in the range from 90-120 cm. Choose only reliable and durable materials and strictly follow all installation instructions. Having studied all the information, get to work, the main thing is not to rush, do not be nervous, and never doubt your abilities!
