What is the French Shepherd called. French Shepherd: description of the breed. History and interesting information about the breed

The most unusual dog breed is the French Shepherd. The fact is that it includes four completely different varieties: Beauceron, Picardy, Briard and Pyrenean. Each subspecies has its own characteristic appearance and temperament. But caring for them comes down to performing standard actions.

Each subspecies of the French breed has its own origin:

• the Beauceron shepherd dog descended either from ancient peat dogs that lived in the swamps, or from ordinary wolves;
• the first representative of the briar was brought to France in the X century. Over time, the appearance of animals under the influence of the local climate has undergone some changes. The original name of this breed is the Briard Sheepdog. But later it was reduced to briar. Officially, this breed was officially registered only in 1897;
• picardy. These animals came to Europe in the Middle Ages. Counts ancient species. It was almost completely destroyed during the First World War, but breeders restored it;
• Pyrenean Shepherd. Decorative breed of dogs, which since ancient times grazed herds of sheep in the Pyrenees.

Although French Shepherds have different origins, they are united by the fact that they all live in the same country. All of them belong to the shepherd breeds.

Video "French Shepherd: features and care"

From this video you will learn what is interesting about the French Shepherd and how to care for the dog.

Appearance and standard

Each subspecies of the French Shepherd has its own characteristic appearance and standard. Therefore, they should be considered separately.

Representatives of the Beauceron variety are a smooth-haired French Shepherd. The size of the animals at the withers is 70 cm, and the weight is 42 kg. They must meet the following standard:

• muscular, lean and strong body;
• triangular ears that are set high;
• the coat is hard and shiny to the touch;
• the color is black or with reddish patches. Marble spots are allowed. White blotches are considered a defect;
• tail hanging and long. It has a saber shape.

Briard dogs are quite large animals. Males at the withers have 70 cm, and females - 60 cm. The weight of pets is 30-35 kg. A characteristic feature is beautiful long hair that covers the eyes.

Briard has the following standard:

• powerful head, moderately long. The muzzle is covered with long hair that hides the head and forms a mustache with a beard;
• erect ears (often docked);
• large eyes that are widely spaced. Dark iris;
• short neck. She is muscular and set high;
• rounded body. His features are hidden under the coat;
• tail of medium length and fluffy;
• the color is uniform with a predominance of dark shades. The presence of two colors and a very shiny coat is considered a defect.

Representatives of the Picardy breed also belong to large animals. At the withers, they reach 60–65 cm. To be considered thoroughbred, dogs must meet the following breed standards:

• the head is not very massive. It is in proportion to the body;
• broad but very neat muzzle. She has a mustache and a beard;
• black nose. Eyebrows clearly stand out;
• eyes are small. The look is kind and very smart;
• neck proudly curved, very muscular and massive;
• strong bones with a smooth body;
• the chest is deep and wide;
• withers are weakly expressed;
• the belly is lean and rather slender;
• paws with developed muscles. They are adapted for long running;
• the coat is thick and slightly wavy. At the same time, it is hard to the touch. Smooth coat is considered a defect;
• the color is different, but gray-sable or gray-cream are considered rare and the most beautiful.

As for the Pyrenean Shepherd, these are the smallest representatives of the French breed. Their height at the withers reaches only 36–49 cm, and they weigh up to 15 kg. The following standard has been developed for these dogs:

• small head;
• long body with well-developed muscles;
• strong and strong paws;
• high, but not wide chest;
• there are long-haired and smooth-faced subspecies;
• deer color. There is a coloring according to the type of "mask".

Animal character

French Shepherds also differ in character:

• Beauceron - stubborn, but very quick-witted, cheerful and good-natured. The owner must dominate the pet;
• Briard - have an obedient and friendly disposition. This is an excellent shepherd or watchdog;
• picardi are proud and independent. At the same time, they are balanced and friendly. It is best to train in a playful way;
• The Pyrenean Sheepdog is an affectionate and friendly pet. They will never bite a child. Therefore, they are often used as "nannies" for young children. Excellent guards.

Features of care

Since the main focus of the use of subspecies of the French Shepherd is to herd sheep, you need to keep such pets in the yard. Caring for animals is simple, you just need to periodically perform the following procedures:

• cleaning ears, eyes and teeth;
• combing out wool (especially in long-haired representatives of the species) to avoid the formation of tangles;
• bathing should be done as needed (long-haired animals should take water procedures more often).

Pets need to be socialized early so that they do not show aggression.

Approximate cost of a puppy

It is recommended to purchase a dog from trusted breeders, and not from hands. You can buy a Beauceron puppy from 20 thousand rubles. The cost of Briard babies starts from 40 thousand rubles. The most expensive will be representatives of the Picardy and Pyrenean varieties - from 60-70 thousand rubles.

Animals that do not meet the standard according to any criteria can be purchased cheaper. Show class puppies will cost the most.

The French Shepherd breed is multifaceted. Her any representative will become a true friend. The main thing is to properly train and care for the dog.

The French Shepherd is an amazing and wayward dog. The number of this species is small, in total there are about 7 thousand dogs of this breed. It should be noted that the Beauceron differs from other shepherd dogs not only in appearance, but also in liking. They are very self-confident, so the owner of such a dog must be a strong personality, as he is faced with the task of properly raising a wayward beast.

The history of the breed

Already in the XVII century, for the first time there are references to the French breed of shepherd dogs. However, the Beauceron as a separate species was recognized only after two and a half centuries, namely in the middle of the 19th century. At that time, the main task of this dog was security and protection.

French Shepherd Beauceron: description of appearance

It should be noted that descriptions of this breed have been preserved since the 19th century. So, the Beauceron was presented as a dog with a short and smooth coat, cropped ears. And also in representatives of this breed it was very often possible to meet brown-red marks on the limbs. Remarkably, since then appearance The dog hasn't changed much. So, modern French Shepherds are large dogs that have a well-developed muscles. The height of adult males can be 65–70 cm, but females are slightly smaller, their height can vary from 61 to 68 cm.

What are the distinguishing features in appearance have Beaucerons?

• The head of a dog of this breed has a clear shape.
• The nose is always black and there is no cleft.
• The lips are black pigmented. The jaw itself is very strong.
• The eyes are oval in shape. The color of the iris may be dark brown.
• The ears of the Beauceron are not pressed against the head. Their natural state is a hanging or semi-standing position.
• The chest is wide and powerful.

It should be noted that such dogs walk smoothly and easily. If we talk about wool, then it is short, and undercoat thick enough.

What color options are there for the Beauceron?

It should be noted that a deviation from the norm or a defect will be reckon:

• light eyes;
• growth below or above normal;
• permanently erect ears;
• color that differs from the standards;
• if there is a cleft in the nose.

What is the personality of a Beauceron dog?

First of all, it should be noted that these dogs are quite calm and devoted to their master. However, they are very wary of strangers. Dog training should be handled by a professional. By themselves, these dogs have the character of a leader, so they want to show it in every possible way in the yard. During training the coach should be as calm, consistent and firm as possible. These dogs are smart enough that they will not tolerate injustice or humiliation. It should be noted that violent and demanding behavior can even be dangerous. Therefore, in everything you should know the measure.

It is very important to properly socialize your dog. Since this breed used to be a watchdog, they are wary of strangers. If there is a child in the house, then they should be introduced as soon as possible. It is very important that the dog understands that there is a child in front of him. Although they are friendly and love to play, their size can play a cruel joke.

Beaucerons can be quite aggressive towards other dogs. To get rid of this, you should take a course of interdisciplinary training.

And also these dogs need constant physical and mental care. Therefore, it is better to keep this breed in a private house with a large yard than in a small apartment. If the dog does not receive the necessary exercise, he may either get bored or become irritable.

Features of the care and maintenance of the French Shepherd

First of all, it should be noted that these are unpretentious dogs. They should be brushed once a week. To do this, you can purchase a massage brush for short hair. So you not only remove excess hair, but also do a massage that will positively affect blood circulation your pet.

Attention should be paid to the fact that Beauceron wool has a pronounced sheep smell. Therefore, such a dog is best kept in an aviary, although such dogs feel good in apartments, it all depends on the preferences and capabilities of the owner.

The dog should be loaded daily with active runs and games. Most of all, Beaucerons love cross-country running.

What to feed Beauceron?

French Shepherds are not picky eaters, so they can be fed both purely natural food and ready-made rations. The choice is up to the owner.

If we talk about natural food, then the diet must include low-fat meat, you can sometimes give boneless sea fish, raw or boiled vegetables, as well as cereals.

If we are talking about ready-made rations, then you should buy only high-quality products.

french shepherd puppies

It should be noted that this breed not very common in Russia. Therefore, Beauceron puppies are not so often seen. Sometimes it even happens that the owners book puppies in advance and wait for a very long time.

Often puppies are sold at 7 months of age. As soon as you brought a new pet home, you should immediately begin its socialization, that is, from the first days the puppy must understand who is the boss in this house. It is noteworthy that these dogs have a late development, so they become mentally mature only by 3 years.

Possible diseases

Like any other dog, Beaucerons can also get sick. Often these dogs suffer from:

In order to avoid digestive problems, you should carefully select the dog's diet. It should be noted that these dogs are very sensitive to medications.

Despite the fact that this is a large dog, they may have some psychological problems. They may present with timidity and lethargy. If you notice this for your pet, you should immediately carry out correction.

As a result, it should be noted that, as such, there was no certain fashion for French shepherds. However, this is a very valuable breed and its cost is appropriate. Beaucerons are not only good defenders, but also excellent companions. In addition, such a shepherd dog has a high life expectancy, unlike other breeds of large dogs. In addition, Beaucerons very often serve in the army and police as bloodhounds or liaisons. This is a very valuable breed.

This is a strong and stately sheepdog, originally from France. The population is only about 7 thousand individuals. Each dog is under the control of the Beauceron community. to preserve the purity of the breed.

The origin of the breed is rooted in antiquity, although the first mention of it can only be found in texts of the 16th century.

The ancestors of the Beauceron are not known for certain. There is speculation that they either from wolves or from peat dogs that lived back in the 2000s BC. e.

The breed as it is known today was formed on the territory of France and was a shepherd. In the 19th century, it spread throughout Europe.

The Beauceron French Shepherd is a purebred dog. she was little influenced by other genes, although it is possible that they have features of dog-like ones.

In 1911, the French Beauceron Club was formed, which strictly enforces the exterior standard.

During the World Wars, the breed was on the verge of extinction., but the breeders managed to restore the population.

Exterior Standard - Breed Description

FCI Standard No. 103 dated October 25, 2006 "Beauceron".
Group 1 Shepherd and Cattle Dogs other than Swiss Cattle Dogs.
Section 1 "Sheepdogs".
The FCI standard specifies the height at the withers:

• in males - from 65 to 70 cm;
• in bitches - from 61 to 68 cm.

This is a medium-sized dog with well-developed muscles and a well-proportioned body. Weight can reach up to 45-50 kilograms.

The standard allows two types of color:

1. Deep black with reddish tan. The red color in this case has a chest, part of the neck, eyebrows, partially limbs and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe lower part of the tail and under it.
2. The color called "harlequin". The color of the coat is gray-black or blue-black with tan tan all over the body. A small white spot on the chest of "harlequins" is not considered a deviation from the norm.

The description of the Beauceron breed is best reflected in the photo of purebred French Shepherds.




Appearance:

• an elongated head with clear outlines and a flat skull with a rounding from one side to the other;
• the nose is without a cleft and is black;
• the jaw is developed, sharp white teeth, and the lips are hard and painted black. Crossbite;
• the eyes are an elongated oval, with a dark brown iris. Sometimes there are dogs with eyes different color, for dogs of "harlequin" color, this is not considered a defect of the individual;
• the ears should be half the length of the head. They are usually in a semi-standing position. The shape is a triangle;
• the neck is muscular and dense. The back is straight with a very powerful lumbar region;
• chest is wide girth of the chest exceeds the height at the withers by 20%;
• the tail is long, hanging down when the dog is at rest, resembles the shape of a hook. During the movement of the animal rises;
• the limbs are well muscled and straight. The paws have black claws and hard pads. Beaucerons have double extra fingers, which is not considered a fault. This trait is attributed to the characteristic purebredness left over from their pastoral past;
• the length of the coat is on average about 4 centimeters. The hair on the head is shorter and coarser than on the body. The undercoat is dense, short and gray color, but it is not visible under the integumentary hair. IN winter time the undercoat becomes denser and tougher.

The movements are light and smooth, the type of gait is a wide trot.

The average life expectancy is 12-14 years.

Character and abilities, training

Dogs of the Beauceron breed are characterized by their liking on the positive side.

Main character traits:

• loyalty to the owner, alertness to strangers;
• they are smart and well feel the mood of people close to them;
• active and mobile;
• have the skills of a guard and a shepherd;
• independent and unfriendly to any other animals. Behavior of the leader and leader;
• freedom-loving, therefore they are not kept on a chain;
• require a lot of physical activity, games and walks;
• love water and water procedures.

They love and obey the owner, especially when. Good for children, but not recommended for young children. Due to the shepherd's instinct (as in or), tend to bite those they want to control. This feature is minimized by training, but only in relation to adult family members.

Beaucerons do not tolerate abuse.

They can be dangerous for those who are inclined to raise a pet with aggressive methods.

In order to properly train the Beauceron, it is important to take into account the main features of his character. The main thing is a patient, calm, respectful, but firm attitude.

It is important to show the dog from the first training who is in charge, but not to use brute force, screaming and punishment. Stimulate the pet with rewards in the form of games and delicious food.

The process of socialization of the dog is important, the sooner it begins, the more favorable will be its relationship with others. Beaucerons are fully-fledged at the age of 3, so the main education is carried out up to this age.

Care and maintenance

The optimal place of detention is the countryside with large expanses for jogging. In the case of keeping a dog in an apartment, it is necessary to walk twice a day, at least for 1.5 hours, otherwise she will become irritable. Walks should be vigorous.

Comb out one once every one to two weeks with a brush for short hair. Wool has a very pronounced smell, which should be considered when choosing this pet for an apartment.

Beauceron - French Sheepdog very fond of water procedures.

They wash the pet in the apartment up to 2 times a year, in conditions countryside- up to once a month. Be sure to regularly inspect the ears, eyes of the dog and keep them clean.

Nutrition

Dogs of the Beauceron breed are unpretentious in matters of maintenance, nutrition and care. They are fed either natural food cooked at home, or.

A healthy adult dog can even get by. In the case of a one-time meal, the dog is fed at lunchtime. In the case of two meals a day - in the morning and in the evening.

Little Beaucerons need to get enough calcium.

An adult dog needs low-fat varieties meat and fish daily and plenty of clean water. Food is served fresh, slightly warm.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantages include loyal and helpful character of the dog. She is well trainable. For the owner, this is a real friend and protector. The strong and energetic temperament of the Beauceron will not let you get bored.

The disadvantages include freedom and a tendency to lead in everything. To be its owner, you must always maintain your authority. In addition, the breed is not suitable for families with small children and those who are contraindicated in vigorous walks.

In apartment conditions, it can stand sharply the question of the smell from wool, which is absorbed even into the things of a person.

Otherwise, this is a wonderful, smart and beautiful dog that is always ready to be near the owner.

Additionally, check out detailed video about the Beauceron breed:

Perhaps many of you have already met these animals, which are easily confused with a Doberman or outbred Rottweiler. Beauceron is one of the lines of shepherd dogs, which is not suitable for every owner. Members of this breed have ancient history, and they were born thanks to the natural course of evolution. Alas, there is no detailed information about the breed, so you have to be content with different versions.

History and interesting information about the breed

These imposing, self-confident dogs have a rich history:

1. According to the first theory, people believe that the predecessors of the Beauceron are peat dogs. The first mention of these dogs appears in the sixteenth century, and a century before that, peat dogs existed in France.
2. A number of other researchers prefer to believe that this breed originated from wolves, since direct external similarities and some similarity of character can be found.

Officially, as a breed of Beaucerons, it was recognized in the 19th century. The main role of these dogs was protection. Sheepdogs on French lands were used as shepherds, helping to return the sheep that had strayed from the flock, and as defenders, scaring off wild predators. Despite a number of excellent qualities of this dog, they are not very popular in Russia.

breed standard

Beauceron is not widespread on the planet, it is often found in Europe, and in last years it can also be found in Russia. Often, people believe that this is a cross between a Doberman and an ordinary shepherd, but this assumption is at odds with reality.

The following description is accepted as a standard:

• Height does not exceed 68-72 cm.
• Weight is usually around 52 kg.
• Dogs have a lean, strong complexion.
• The ears are triangular in shape and set high.
• The coat is hard, short and glossy.
• The tail hangs down, rather long.

The color is often completely black, tan marks are often found. Marble stains are allowed. The appearance of white spots on the coat is unacceptable.

Beauceron character traits

These dogs have excellent makings of a true leader. Even by nature, predominance over other animals was laid in his character, since the predecessors of today's dogs could easily control a large flock of sheep. If the owner of the dog cannot demonstrate his own superiority, then the dog will consider himself the only owner in the family, which will lead to appropriate behavior. As a result, the Beauceron will become too aggressive, will not succumb to education and training.

Note! This dog should be chosen by a person with a strong and confident character. When priorities are set in the right way, the owner will get a brave, kind and sociable dog, which will become an excellent protector for him.

Beaucerons mature quite late, at the age of about three years. Bitches may become adults a little earlier. And until this age is reached, it is recommended to pay a lot of attention to raising a pet, to teach him strict rules, and to train better, combining the process with games. You will need to carefully monitor how an adult behaves. At first, it is important not to overwork the dog in the learning process, but it is recommended to encourage it with treats.

Beauceron is a dog that ignores the rules and limits of fashion, while having considerable value. If initially the French Shepherd was characterized by a certain ruthlessness, a certain cruelty and aggressiveness, then due to the precise approach to breeding and the correct policy regarding education, excellent results were achieved. As a result, admirers of shepherd dogs began to have the opportunity to get an independent pet with a developed intellect, which is a sensitive protector, friend and watchman.

In their historical homeland, representatives of the breed are engaged in a variety of activities, except perhaps for shepherds. They can serve in the army, acting as a bloodhound, guard or liaison dog. The police use the help of Beaucerons when it is necessary to find missing people. They are considered faithful pets, and if the owner sincerely cares about them, they respond to him with true reciprocity and transcendent love.

Security qualities and aggression

Representatives of the breed do not show excessive aggression:

1. In relation to strangers, they demonstrate tolerance, do not show excessive suspicion and anxiety.
2. Beauceron only speaks in situations that really require such behavior.
3. Sheepdogs are considered ideal option for security and surveillance activities. The appearance of the dog is the subject of intimidation of criminals.
4. When a real danger arises, the pet will turn into an angry defender of all family members.

The process of socialization

It is worth noting the following qualities of Beauceron:

1. Representatives of the breed can safely coexist within the same territory with other pets if they live with them from puppyhood.
2. It is undesirable to have such a pet if the house already has a pet with tendencies towards leadership and dominance. An endless struggle for the first place in their internal hierarchy is bound to happen.
3. To kids, these dogs are treated with all favor. At the same time, they never tolerate bullying, as well as games that are combined with cruelty and humiliation. It is likely that such actions of the kids will turn into the anger of the Beauceron, so it is not recommended to start such dogs if the children do not have an idea about the proper handling of a pet.

Breed features

If you pay attention to their character, you can see the incredible stubbornness, special arrogance and self-confidence of the Beauceron. They will not put up if the owner shows disrespect to them and uses force. If we talk about the process of education, then such dogs are reluctant to obey and obey, so it is important to cheat a little and expose education in such a way as if it were cooperation with a dog. In other situations, Beaucerons love to work, are happy to respond to encouragement and affection, and have excellent courage.

Despite the independent disposition and the considerable size of the Beauceron, some representatives of the breed face problems associated with the psyche. As a result, instead of courage, dogs show fearfulness, often withdraw into themselves and become anxious. Sometimes they can be scared of strangers. This can happen after a mental trauma, and this can be corrected only through a sensitive and warm attitude towards the pet.

Features of care

Beauceron is an unpretentious animal. It is best to give him the opportunity to live outside the city. A massive dog can turn into a number of inconveniences if he lives in a small city apartment. In other situations, it is best to settle a pet in a spacious aviary if it is possible to walk it often.

1. The dog's coat needs regular brushing. Often dogs shed, and during such a period, you can use a special comb in combination with scrapers.
2. Shepherd dogs perceive water procedures well, but it is not recommended to bathe dogs more than 2 times a month.
3. It is necessary to cut the claws if they have grown too much and turn into a problem for the pet when walking.
4. Dirt that can accumulate in the corners of the eyes is easily removed with a cotton swab.
5. Ears are important to keep clean and well-groomed.
6. Beauceron is a street dog, so it is important to walk with him often and regularly.

Health

Along with many other breeds of "shepherds", Beaucerons often experience health problems. They may experience bloating, retinopathy, and retinal atrophy. They also often suffer from a common canine disease - hip dysplasia.

If pets are fed incorrectly, they often encounter digestive difficulties. Beauceron is especially sensitive to medicines, and it is important that the pet is under the supervision of a good doctor from puppyhood.

First of all, your pet's well-being is due to the right choice diet. You can stop both on natural food and on dry balanced feed.

It is important to understand that the food sold in stores is balanced for different breeds. If you choose a natural diet, you will have to follow a number of recommendations:

1. Eliminate pork from the diet, as this meat is too fatty. It is advisable to choose chicken or veal.
2. Avoid dairy products. Occasionally, you can offer cheese, as well as low-fat cottage cheese.
3. It is definitely worth including cereals in the diet, it is advisable to cook cereals.
4. The pet must be offered vegetables and various fruits.

Food is offered to an adult pet once a day, and there should always be clean drinking water next to it. If you plan to feed the Beauceron with natural food, it is important to remember that this breed is not omnivorous, but dogs of this breed may well have preferences for certain dishes.

As treats, it is best to use products intended for this, which can be purchased at the store. It is important to eliminate chocolate products and sweets completely from the diet.

The process of training and education

It is quite difficult to correctly train the Beauceron. The owner will need to show all his patience and calmness. It is important to remember the personality traits of your pet.

Beauceron has a developed and sharp mind. It is important to start training puppies of this breed as early as possible, but do not immediately make the set of commands too diverse. In order for training to always proceed effectively and without conflicts, you should understand your pet and learn to trust him, then he will reciprocate.

It is strictly forbidden to physically punish a pet, otherwise it will result in increased aggressiveness of behavior. When the Beauceron trusts you completely, it's time to start mastering the commands. It is better to use deserted and quiet places for training, where nothing will distract your pet.

It is also important that the puppy immediately after entering the apartment understands where his place is located. The puppy should not be allowed to gnaw on a variety of objects and ask for treats.

Video: Beauceron dog breed

A new pet in the family is always a joy, and today a thoroughbred dog is also considered a source of special pride for the owners. A pet often becomes an excellent watchman of his own home; security qualities can also come in handy in the service. But before bringing a dog into the house, you should carefully study the history of the breed, character traits, ability to train, and, importantly, ask about the attitude of the breed towards children and other pets. The French Shepherd Beauceron will be an excellent choice for those who appreciate four-legged endurance, firmness of character and devotion to their owner.

History of the Beauceron breed

The Beauceron is a purebred French Shepherd that has never crossed with other breeds throughout its existence. The exact origin of this dog cannot be established today, however, many experts are inclined to believe that its ancestor is the French Peat Dog. Others argue that the Beauceron breed originated from wild wolves and, in the process of evolution, acquired modern characteristics.

Beauceron French Shepherds have never crossed with other breeds, so they are a type of purebred dog breed.

Nevertheless, the first mention of the dog dates back to 1578. Later, in the 18th-19th centuries, when sheep breeding was flourishing in France, the Beauceron gained popularity as an excellent guard dog.

Two dogs could cope with guarding a flock of 200-300 sheep. Their endurance made it possible to accompany the herd throughout the day, covering distances of 70–80 km. The French professor of zoology, veterinarian Jean-Pierre Menin, in his book on army dogs for watchdog functions, first called this breed “boss shepherds” (from the French berger de Beauce, Bos is the region in France where the breed came from).

Beauceron is a watchdog breed capable of guarding flocks of several hundred sheep.

In 1863, the first dog show was organized in Paris. The Beauceron dog, previously unknown, and even of rural origin, was presented there. Despite the proud posture and strict straight look, this breed did not receive the general attention of the visitors of the exhibition, which is not surprising: miniature dogs or hunting greyhounds aroused much more interest at that time. However, the "boss' shepherds" in 1863 were still officially recognized. Their other name, which is still preserved in some places - “red stockings” (French bas rouge), obtained due to the reddish-red color of the bottom of the paws, then was better remembered.

Another name for the breed - "red stockings" - French shepherds acquired because of the fawn color of the lower part of the paws.

In 1896, Jean-Pierre Menin, already known to us, farmer and owner of shepherd dogs Emmanuel Boulet and minister Agriculture France's Ernest Menot gathered in the village of Villette to set the breed standards for Boss shepherds. Then the main division of one breed into two was made: long-haired shepherd dogs began to be called Briard shepherd dogs (berger de Brie - a Brie shepherd, where Brie is a region in France), and the name Beauceron was finally assigned to smooth-haired ones.

French Shepherd Briard - a long-haired analogue of the Beauceron breed

Later, the French Sheepdog Club was formed in France, and in 1911, Jean-Pierre Menin organized the French Beauceron Friends Club (Club les Amis du Beauceron), which was engaged in maintaining the characteristics of the breed and its popularization among dog lovers. However, over time, sheep breeding ceased to be a popular branch of agriculture, and the main area in which the Beaucerons were involved began to disappear. Concerned about the existence of the breed, the Club of Friends of the Beauceron began to introduce herding sheepdogs as guard dogs for the protection of homes and people.

During World War II, French Shepherds were often used by the military to relay information, find mines, and track down saboteurs. After that, only 50 such dogs remained in the world. But thanks to breeders, the popularity of the breed began to increase in the second half of the last century, and today they are actively used as companions, service and military, and also, as before, guard dogs. Now there are more than 7,000 individuals worldwide.

The Beauceron is an excellent watchdog and companion breed, capable of protecting the home and family members from attack by intruders.

It wasn't until the early 2000s that Beaucerons first appeared outside of France. In 2003, the Beauceron Club of America was formed in the United States. However, this breed, unfortunately, has not won much popularity overseas.

Characteristics of breed standards

In the century that has passed since the registration of the Friends of the Beauceron Club in France, the main characteristics of the breed have been reassessed only 6 times. The last amendment was made in 2001, so that the appearance of the shepherd's shepherd dog has not changed much since its first mention in the 16th century. The main difference in standards was that earlier ear cropping was considered necessary, but today most veterinarians are calling for abandoning this procedure, since it does not make any sense.

If earlier ear cropping was considered necessary in the Beauceron breed, today it is quite rare to find a French shepherd shepherd dog with cropped ears.

Ear cropping in dogs of fighting and hunting breeds used to be done so that during a fight with other dogs and wild animals this part of the body was less prone to wounds and tears. Today, this procedure is not necessary, unless the owner of the dog himself wants to make the appearance of the pet more aggressive and aristocratic.

The Beauceron breed resembles a Doberman to many, only these dogs look a little larger in body, with a lot of hair and they look good-natured. Many believe that French shepherd dogs were used in the breeding of the Doberman breed.

Table: the main standards of the Beauceron breed, approved in 2001

Characteristic	Description
Appearance	A large dog with well-developed muscles, with a direct bold look, strong, hardy.
Dimensions	Males - 65–70 cm at the withers, females - 61–68 cm.
Weight	The mass of an adult male is 40–50 kg, the female weighs from 36 to 40 kg.
Behavior	Calm, bold, open.
Wool	On the body it is short (3-4 cm), on the inner side of the thigh, tail and neck it is longer and thicker, thick, hard to the touch, on the head it is smooth. The undercoat is dense, dense, soft, fluffy, short, dark gray in color.
Eyes	Oval, set horizontally. The color of the iris is brown, even if the tan marks are light. Heterochromia is allowed only in case of harlequin color. The look is smart.
Teeth	White, healthy, strong. Scissor bite.
Head	Elongated, its dimensions are 0.4 length of the dog at the withers. The transition from the forehead to the muzzle is smooth, sloping. The muzzle is long, but not narrowed or pointed. A tubercle is clearly seen in the region of the occiput. The nose is black, without a cleft.
Ears	Not erect, but not too hanging, should not be pressed against the cheeks. The length of the ears is half the length of the head.
Neck	Thick, strong, smoothly passing into the shoulders.
Frame	The chest is long and broad, reaching to the elbow. The back is straight, the croup is slightly sloping. The length of the body slightly exceeds the height of the dog at the withers.
Tail	Thick, long, reaching to the hocks. Often resembles the letter "J". In a calm state, it is lowered, and when moving it can rise horizontally to the level of the back.
Paws	The forearm and thighs are large and muscular. The paws are strong, rounded, the fingers are collected, the claws are black. On the hind limbs there are dewclaws (a characteristic feature of the breed), they are clearly separated from each other. The closer they are to the main fingers, the better. The hind legs are straight, slightly turned inward.
Color	Black monophonic shiny coat with red tan marks in the chest area, on the inside of the tail and hips, as well as on the paws. Color of the "harlequin" type: black coat color, interspersed with marbled gray, and red tan in the same places as the black and red Beauceron. The spots are clearly visible.

A real specialist will always be able to determine how accurately a dog matches the breed. Any deviations are considered a defect, and such pets are not suitable for exhibitions. Among the flaws of the breed stand out:

• excessive inversion of the hind limbs;
• light eyes (lighter colors dark walnut) and heterochromia in black and red Beaucerons;
• nose with a cleft;
• too erect ears;
• non-standard color (for example, when there is more marble gray than black);
• non-specific behavior (timidity, excessive aggression).

Photo gallery: the main external characteristics of the Beauceron breed

The croup of the Beauceron is slightly sloping. The coat of dogs can be either black and red (black with tan marks), or the “harlequin” type - black and gray (sometimes marbled) with red tan marks. Double dewclaws are a characteristic feature of the Beauceron.
Beauceron's gaze is always direct, open and very intelligent. The ears of Beauceron dogs should be semi-erect or hanging. When at rest, the dog's tail is usually lowered; when moving, it can rise horizontally to the level of the croup.

Beauceron character

Beaucerons are quite proud and capricious, it is difficult to force them to do something if they do not want it, but when proper training character becomes more flexible. Such dogs are always devoted to their master, the family in which they grew up, but the servility often found in mongrels is not theirs. characteristic. Beaucerons are balanced, not hysterical. These are quite contact dogs, capable of companion service. But you need to remember their origin and historical occupation - watchdog functions forced dogs to bite sheep in order to direct them in the right direction. In the absence of training, innate instincts can negatively affect the attitude towards people. Plus, Beaucerons have leadership qualities, and if you don’t initially put yourself more important than a dog, then this can play a cruel joke with the owner.

Beaucerons are good companions, and also do an excellent job with military service and guard duties.

These dogs are highly intelligent, but cautious and always wary of strangers. If a person, especially one they see for the first time, shows aggression, then this can pay off. Beaucerons do not tolerate cruelty.

The French Sheepdog loves children, but, again, it is worth remembering the innate instincts. Acquaintance with the child should take place gradually, and then their friendship will be strong. However, it would still be better to teach children not an adult Beauceron, but a puppy. Yes, and the baby needs to be taught that the dog should always be treated with caution, do not pull the fur, do not beat. It is better not to leave a small child alone with a dog.

Beaucerons get along well with children, but it is better not to leave the dog alone with very young children.

The Beauceron is a very energetic, agile breed. The lack of training, a favorite pastime - cross-country running, the right amount of walking - can make a dog naughty, aggressive. Only splashing out of energy makes this shepherd a devoted dog.

Video: characteristic of the Beauceron breed

How to choose a puppy

If you want to have a thoroughbred pet, then it is better to choose a puppy. Firstly, this way the dog will quickly get used to the owners, and secondly, if there are small children in the house, it will be easier to accustom the four-legged friend to the presence little man in the house, and there is a good chance that they will become strong friends.

Before choosing a Beauceron puppy, you need to determine exactly whether this breed is right for you.

The French Sheepdog is a fairly large dog. At the same time, she has no place on the street - an ordinary booth for a mongrel is not suitable for a Beauceron. The house or apartment should have enough space for this pet. The size of the dog also indicates how much it will eat (it must be taken into account that cheap food will have a very bad effect on the health of the pet, and complementary foods with meat and other natural products are obligatory). In addition, the dog should be constantly given vitamins and minerals. You will also have to invest in the services of a veterinarian, the purchase of bedding (bed), collar and muzzle, plates and drinkers, toys and even clothes for the dog.

If you are going to buy a Beauceron puppy, remember that he will still need to buy toys, collars, change the drinker and bedding: the costs will be multiple

If the owners are often not at home, you need to check with your friends in advance whether they will be ready to take it for a while big dog. Unfortunately, there are few such people, so you often have to resort to the services of overexposure or a special dog hotel.

You need to know that the Beauceron will not grow and be brought up on its own: this dog constantly needs training and walking, she needs to devote a lot of time. In addition, the French Shepherd may not get along with an insecure or too cruel person.

The Beauceron will always need frequent walks and constant training, so count on the fact that a lot of free time will be spent on raising a dog.

If you have finally decided that you need a dog of this particular breed, and you have all the conditions for keeping it, decide what purpose it will serve: companionship and home protection (pet class), breed breeding (breed class) or participation in exhibitions and competitions with procreation (show class). In the first case, a Beauceron puppy is suitable, which does not meet all the requirements of the breed (with flaws). Breed-class puppies must pass the parameters of the Beauceron breed, but external features may not allow them to participate in exhibitions. Show class dogs should look flawless, but not to mention conform to the characteristics of the breed. They often become champions, and puppies of such pets are very expensive.

The most expensive Beauceron puppies are those that belong to the show class: in the future they will win many competitions and conquer dog shows

Decide for yourself what gender you want to have. It is worth remembering that males at the exhibition are valued more. They don't go into heat and will never breed. At the same time, there is an opinion that males are less trainable, they are more aggressive, and in search of bitches they can run far from home if they are poorly monitored. Beauceron females are more devoted to humans, they become attached faster, are well trained and more amenable to training. But bitches often go into heat, and besides, they can bring offspring, which for some owners can be a headache. Beauceron females are inferior to males at various exhibitions.

When choosing a Beauceron puppy, think about whether it is worth getting a female: let them be more loyal and trainable, but frequent estrus and offspring can be your headache

Next, decide on the kennel where you are going to take the dog. It is desirable that he specializes in this breed, and the reviews about him were exceptionally good. Ask the breeder in detail about the puppy's parents, about the presence of genetic diseases, vaccinations, how often and what exactly the puppy eats.

A good cattery owner will be happy to answer questions. His irritation is not very good sign, try to choose other breeders. It would be nice to chat with other Beauceron owners.

Carefully study the puppy's pedigree, it is advisable to get to know his parents and their grown puppies from another litter. Clarify the relationship between the female and the male: a close relationship can negatively affect genetics. Inspect the place where the puppy is growing: it should be clean, the floor should be hard and non-slip. An unpleasant smell in the room is a bad sign: either it is poorly cleaned, or one of the dogs is sick. The drinker, plate of food and bedding for sleeping should also be kept clean. Puppies should have enough space for outdoor games.

Get to know the puppy: he should be playful, agile, open to communication. The nose, eyes and ears of a healthy baby are always clean. The body of a small Beauceron is ideally dense, but at the same time the stomach is not bloated (which may indicate illness), and the puppy itself shows a good appetite.

When choosing a puppy, watch him: the dog should be playful and healthy in appearance

Ask the breeder about the puppy's temperament. A good cattery owner knows these key points. See how the little Beauceron treats his brothers and sisters - this can tell a lot about his features.

A puppy should be taken at the age of 2 to 6 months, not younger and not older: it is at this time that it will be easier for him to adapt to people, and especially to children.

To assess the courage of the baby, you can throw something on the floor: cowardly puppies will scatter from a loud sound, and daredevils will approach the fallen object with interest. Fearlessness is a trait of true Beaucerons. Otherwise, the dog must be selected according to the approved breed standards described above.

It is best to take a puppy at the age of 2 to 6 months: it will be easier for them to adapt to the family, and especially to children

Beauceron Care

A purebred dog always requires special care. And the Beauceron is no exception. Dog care includes careful attention to it, starting with the hygiene of the pet and the place where he most often lives, ending with the adoption of childbirth.

Features of the content in the apartment

A large dog like the Beauceron needs a lot of space. Make sure your apartment is big enough for this pet. Despite the fact that he will not rush around the room, the dog should have enough space to lie on the floor, wander around, lightly drive his favorite toy and, finally, sleep sweetly stretched out to his full height on the sunbed. If you live in your own two-story house, it is better to settle the dog on the ground floor so that it does not risk injuring its paws when descending the stairs. The floors should not be slippery so that the Beauceron does not twist its paw when playing.

The Beauceron is a free-spirited shepherd that spends most of its time outdoors. Keeping it indoors or on a chain in the yard for a long time is fraught with a mental disorder of the dog, and this can become dangerous for humans.

Hygiene

The place where the Beauceron lives must be kept clean. Beds and bedding need to be changed periodically. Make sure that the dog's plate and drinker are also not dirty. Frequent cleaning of the apartment is welcome.

Dog body hygiene is also important. But despite the fact that the Beauceron, like many shepherd dogs, loves to rinse in the water, you should not wash dogs of this breed too often: it is advisable to carry out the procedure no more than twice a month.

Of course, washing goes better in warm water with the use of special shampoos for dogs, human ones should never be used - an unpredictable reaction of the dog's body to them may begin. A shower for a shepherd dog can be organized both in the bathroom and outside with a hose.

Beauceron can be washed in the bathroom or hosed down with warm water outside

After each walk, it is advisable to rinse the paws and the tip of the Beauceron's tail under a stream of warm water.

The dog's ears are cleaned with a cotton swab with a special tool once a week.

Nutrition

Since the Beaucerons are an expensive and purebred breed, their diet must be appropriate. If you want your dog to be healthy and energetic, win competitions and give good offspring, cheap food will not come in handy at all. It is best to pay attention to dry canned food, although natural food will be healthier. It is worth choosing premium and super-premium dry food: this way you will be sure that your pet gets the right daily share nutrients. Despite the fact that the French Sheepdog is undemanding to food, its nutrition must be balanced. It will not be superfluous to feed with natural lean meat, boiled sea ​​fish. You can give your pet cereals boiled in water or broth, boiled or fried vegetables. Dairy products should always be given separately from meat products, preferably at separate meals.

The Best Super Premium Dog Foods Ranked 2017

Periodically, once every 3-4 months, the dog should be given a vitamin-mineral complex. This is especially important for puppies. At 3 months, their teeth begin to change, at this age it is important to feed babies with preparations containing calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D, which affect the formation of bones and the musculoskeletal system as a whole. By six months of a dog's life, the constant need for such mineral baits disappears.

Vitamin and mineral complex for large thoroughbred dogs is especially necessary for puppies

An adult dog should be fed twice a day - this will be enough, a puppy - 3-4 times. If for some reason a meal was skipped, the next one will still go strictly according to the schedule and in the same, and not in double quantity.

Finding out if the dog is getting enough food and whether to increase the portion is quite simple: look at how he behaves immediately after eating, whether he licks the plate or calmly moves away from it. In the first case, it is clear that the Beauceron does not have enough food, and next time more should be applied. But you can’t let the dog overeat either: excess weight may appear, and the dog will become lazy and lethargic. To get enough food, Beauceron needs 20 minutes. Even if the dog has not touched the food, after this time the plate must be removed: the schedule is the schedule.

The plate of food should be at the height of the dog's sternum so that he does not bend down for food. To do this, you can purchase a special stand at the pet store.

The plate and drinker should be at the level of the dog's sternum, for this there are special devices and coasters

Make sure that the drinker is filled with clean water. Every day it needs to be changed to a new one, preferably filtered. The drinker, like the plate, should be on a stand.

Any meal should take place no later than 2 hours before training and no earlier than an hour after it: only then the food eaten will not adversely affect the health of the dog.

paddock

Raised on the French foothills, the Beauceron Shepherd Dog needs frequent walking, and a dignified walk in the park is not suitable for such a dog. Cross-country running is simply necessary to maintain the physical and mental health of the dog. This pet must splash out its energy to the fullest, otherwise it will negatively affect the quality of its life. You need to walk the Beauceron for at least 1 hour.

Long runs, agility is what is ideal for the Beauceron. True, in the latter case, you yourself also need to stock up on time, energy and patience: the game implies the active participation in this sport of both the dog and its owner.

Agility running - the best option walking for beauceron

Pregnancy and childbirth

If you chose a Beauceron bitch when buying a puppy, there is a chance that she will give birth twice a year.

The first estrus in a dog begins at the age of six months to a year, and this period lasts from 1 to 3 weeks. Perhaps the appearance of the so-called false estrus is a meager discharge from pets close to puberty. Even if a mating with a male occurs at this time, fertilization will not occur. But a real estrus may appear after 1-2 months, and at this time the owner of the Beauceron should be especially careful.

Dog behavior during estrus:

• playfulness and some disregard for the owner;
• licking the perineum;
• attracting the attention of males;
• frequent urination, which is actually a mark of territory.

The owner must clearly record the time from the first to the second estrus. It is in the third phase of the cycle that the mating process is most favorable.

Despite a strong sexual desire, bitches for the first time can be aggressive towards males and not let them near them. After 1.5-2 weeks after the onset of estrus, spotting is replaced by yellowish. At this time, the behavior of the Beauceron shepherd changes greatly, and when they see dogs, they take a position of readiness for sexual intercourse, moving their tail away. The loop becomes greatly enlarged, which indicates a strong excitation. It can last up to 1 week. It is then that the females are most ready for mating.

In the absence of mating in a dog, a false pregnancy may occur. In this state, she may seek a secluded spot, surround herself with toys, and even experience false contractions. The owner must prevent this behavior by taking away toys and distracting the bitch. In the diet you need to reduce the amount of protein. Sometimes a false pregnancy can indicate liver disease.

Cynologists advise allowing a Beauceron female to mate at the age of one and a half years, but some owners insist that the bitch be at least 2 years old.

If the mating was successful, the following symptoms may appear in the French Shepherd in the second month:

• poor appetite and toxicosis;
• lethargy, drowsiness;
• an increase in the abdomen;
• swelling and lightening of the nipples.

Some of the symptoms of Beauceron pregnancy are lethargy and drowsiness.

If pregnancy is confirmed, then the dog should be sharply limited in activity so that future puppies do not suffer. Every week increase the diet by about 10%, gradually reducing the amount of proteins (meat, eggs) in it. A week before giving birth, feed the dog with dairy and sour-milk products - milk, cottage cheese, cheese, and boiled vegetables. During this period, determine the place for childbirth, keep it clean, often change the sheets on the lounger.

The need for pregnancy and childbirth for a dog's health is practically a myth. This condition is a huge stress for the bitch's body, which can result in many different diseases. Only perfectly healthy dogs should be allowed to mate.

2-3 days before the expected birth, it is worth starting to measure the temperature of the dog. Lowering it to 37–37.5 °С speaks of an approaching event. Decide for yourself whether you are ready to take birth yourself, or whether you should contact a veterinarian. Even if you are confident in your abilities, let the number of the breeder or zoodoctor always be at hand: the whelping process may not go according to plan, and difficulties are not ruled out where the advice of an experienced person will be necessary.

Prepare the following items:

• scissors;
• alcohol;
• sterile wipes;
• oilcloth;
• heating pad.

Before giving birth, the Beauceron bitch begins to whine and scrape the wallpaper, often urinates. There is frequent breathing and chills. Contractions soon appear, which can last from 1.5 to 24 hours. Then attempts begin, accompanied by sitting down of the dog. She can also lie down. Whelping occurs within 2.5-3 hours, puppies can go head or pelvis forward. For each of the kids should appear afterbirth. If it doesn't, call your veterinarian and breeder.

Steps to take when giving birth to a dog

As soon as the puppy comes out, remove the mucus around the nose and start wiping the body of the little Beauceron with a napkin. Do it gently but quickly. Squeeze the umbilical cord so that the blood moves towards the puppy, and cut it at a distance of 2-2.5 cm from the tummy. If it starts to bleed, you can tie it up with a thread. Give the baby to the bitch, she will begin to lick him, stimulating the blood circulation in his body. When a second puppy arrives, put the first one in a box so that it does not get hurt. Immediately after giving birth, the pet will begin feeding the newborn.

At the end of childbirth, contact your veterinarian and ask him for answers to all your questions.

Education and training

Beauceron needs to be trained from childhood. Only then will the dog become obedient and accustomed to follow the commands of his master.

The most important thing here is to establish contact between the dog and the person (one of the family members). Beauceron must trust his handler, otherwise the pet will ignore him and act distant or even aggressive. In the process of education, you should show your leadership qualities and strength of character, otherwise the dog will take on the role of the owner and commander in the house. The Beauceron is an independent dog and should be brought up rigorously. However, the “whip” method of censure is not welcome: it can cause aggression and destructive behavior in the French Shepherd. It is necessary to explain to the dog from childhood where its corner for relaxing in the house is located, what cannot be done in the rooms and how to properly ask to go outside. Wean Beauceron from manifestations of impudence: he should not beg for an extra piece of goodies.

Beauceron should be raised from childhood, only then the dog will be obedient and accustomed to follow the commands of the owner

Raising a dog of this breed requires a lot of patience. The main thing is to never allow injustice and a hostile attitude towards it: the Beauceron will forever lose confidence in the owner, and further training and training will be wasted.

Training should begin in a playful way with early age(about 3 months), as soon as you get complete confidence from the puppy: this way the dog will respond better to commands. Each success of the pet should be followed by a reward in the form of a treat, this will stimulate him to new exploits.

Beauceron training should be carried out in a playful way, starting from an early age.

Initially, Beauceron training should be carried out in a quiet, as deserted place as possible, so that the dog is not distracted by extraneous noise. As the dog grows older, you can move on to classes on a specially designated area. But remember: a pet can react unpredictably to a large number of other people's dogs. Teach Beauceron new commands, make him run and splash out energy. But do not overwork your pet, otherwise all his interest in the training process may disappear.

French Shepherd Diseases, Vaccination

Beauceron, despite the appearance, which speaks of the power and health of the dog, is subject to various diseases. Among them, the most common are:

• bloating and volvulus;
• retinal atrophy;
• retinopathy;
• hip dysplasia.

Bloating is a small problem, but it is a discomfort for the dog's life. You can solve it by starting to feed the dog strictly according to the schedule. Meals should be separate, meat and fish dishes should be given separately from dairy and sour-milk. Overfeeding Beauceron is one of the causes of bloating.

With volvulus of the intestines, the Beauceron stops eating, becomes lethargic. He barely has a bowel movement and looks very sick. If you do not contact the veterinarian in time, death is inevitable - the disease does not go away on its own.

Retinal atrophy is a very serious and almost incurable disease. At first, the Beauceron begins to see poorly or not see anything at all in the dark, then blindness appears during the day. The pupil becomes more brilliant and enlarged. The disease develops only within a year, and if you do not follow the condition of the pet, the consequences will be disastrous: a neglected case involves the removal of the eyeball. Today, veterinarians have drugs to slow down retinal atrophy.

Hip dysplasia is a very common disease in the Beauceron. At first, the dog begins to limp, pain appears when walking and running. In the absence of proper treatment, the disease can lead to immobilization.

X-ray showing signs of hip dysplasia in a Beauceron

All Beauceron diseases need to be treated in time, and this should be done only with the help of an experienced specialist.

In order to prevent certain diseases (distemper, parvovirus enteritis, leptospirosis and parainfluenza), Beauceron puppies are given a comprehensive vaccination twice: at the age of 8 and 12 weeks. Usually, drugs such as Multakan, Eurikan and Nobivak are used for vaccinations.