Explanatory dictionary of borrowed words online. Borrowed words in Russian - signs and examples. Examples of english words

Dictionary of foreign words

Dictionary-directory of linguistic terms. Ed. 2nd. - M.: Enlightenment. Rosenthal D. E., Telenkov M. A.. 1976 .

Watch what is a "dictionary of foreign words" in other dictionaries:

dictionary of foreign words - 1. A dictionary containing words of foreign language origin, more or less special, and their explanation. 2. The dictionary, which provides a list of words of foreign origin, their interpretation and sometimes etymology ... Explanatory translation

dictionary of foreign words Terms and concepts of linguistics: vocabulary. Lexicology. Phraseology. Lexicography

dictionary of foreign words - lexicographic edition explaining the meaning of foreign language words used in different functional styles ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Jerebilo

- "A pocket dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language" (century 1 2, 1845 46) was published by VN Majkova and M. V. Petrashevsky to propagate materialist and democratic ideas, utopian socialism. Destroyed ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Included in the Russian language (century 1 2, 1845 46), edited by V.N. Maikova and M. V. Petrashevsky in order to propagate materialistic and democratic ideas, utopian socialism. Destroyed by censorship ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Increased in the Russian language, a valuable source for studying the ideology of Russian socialists of Utopists Petrashevtsev (see Petrashevtsi). The publishing of the dictionary N. S. Kirillov, undertaken by the officer N. S. Kirillov, was used to propaganda ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Included in the Russian language "(in. 1 2, 1845 1846). Published edited by V. N. Majkova and M. V. Petrashevsky to propaganda socialist ideas. Destroyed by censorship ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Included in rus. Yaz., valuable source for studying the ideology of Petrashevtsev. The publication of the reference book, which explains the terms of journalism undertaken by the officer N. S. Kirilov, was used for propaganda democratic. and materialist. Ideas ... Soviet historical encyclopedia

Foreign Word Dictionaries - Foreign words. Dictionaries, giving a brief explanation of the values \u200b\u200band origin of foreign language words, indicating the language source, which brings such dictionaries with etymological. In addition to large S. and. from. There are vanity short. For example,… … New dictionary of methodical terms and concepts (theory and practice of learning languages)

A dictionary that gives an explanation of the meaning and consumption of words (in contrast to the encyclopedic dictionary that reports information on the relevant realities of objects, phenomena, events). Dialectic (regional) dictionary. A dictionary containing ... ... Dictionary of linguistic terms

Books

• Dictionary of foreign words, M. V. Petrov. A dictionary of foreign words contains more than 5000 words and terms. In the dictionary included international terms formed from elements of ancient Greek, Latin and partly from the eastern and ...

Borrowing is the most dynamic part of the lexical system of the Russian language, therefore, the dictionaries of foreign words, giving the interpretation of an invalid vocabulary that included in the Russian language in various periods of its history, were always one of the most common types of lexicographic publications. In connection with a significant expansion of the place of borrowing in Russian, recent decades, the need for this type of reference editions has sharply increased, which, in turn, caused the emergence of a large number of new dictionaries of various volumes.

Modern dictionary of foreign words, as a type aspect, describing certain fragments of the lexical system, are closest to sensible dictionaries, while the etymological certificate serves as a mandatory component of the vocabulary article. A feature of dictionaries of foreign words is also their encyclopedicity. Often interpretation in foreign words dictionaries approach the dictionary articles of the encyclopedic dictionary. For example:

Masons[Francs-Magons letters Free bricklayers] - otherwise Frankmads - members of a religious and ethical society arising in the XVIII century. in England, and then distributed the network of its cells (s) and in the rest of Europe (including in Russia); The preaching of moral self-improvement was accompanied by the Masons of special, ritual and mystery; Masonic organizations (lodges) exist now in France, the United States and other countries.

Many dictionaries of foreign words combine the features of intelligent and etymological dictionaries, encyclopedia, regulatory directories and reflect a certain level of culture of society. "Integration in the dictionary of interpretation and elements of a field structure, etymological and encyclopedic certificates of different volumes is cognitive and semantic information about the modern language picture of the world, in which borrowings occupy a very significant place" [Glinkina 2007: 99].

Due to the fact that the most active borrowing process occurs in the sphere of science and technology, the large percentage of the lexical units described in the dictionaries of foreign words is terminological. Foreign word dictionaries are faster than other lexicographic publications to changes occurring in vocabulary, significantly complement the materials of neological dictionaries, promptly presenting lexical innovations, reflecting the development of science, technology, culture of their time, connection with other countries and peoples.

In the Soviet times, the dictionaries of foreign words were a very ideological type of lexicographic publications, fed censorship, their content was strictly controlled by party bodies. For a long time, the "Dictionary of Foreign Words" was most common, edited by F. N. Petrov, created in 1939, regularly replenished with current vocabulary and repeatedly reprinted (later under the editorship of I. V. Lyubina and F.N. Petrov). It contains commonly used vocabulary, common term terms and terminological combinations in various areas of knowledge, at different times borrowed by the Russian language, as well as words formed from elements of ancient Greek and Latin languages. The Appendix provides a list of foreign language words and expressions encountered in Latin writing literature.

Deep transformations in public life 80-90s. XX century They demanded an operational "lexicographic reaction". In 1992, "Modern Dictionary of Foreign Words" was prepared and published (Sost. N.M. Landa, etc.), based on the "Dictionary of foreign words" I. V. Loehinaif. Petrov, but complements its lexical innovations of the last decades and reflecting significant changes in the ideological orientations of society.

Comparison of dictionaries of foreign words of different years of publications allows you to clearly see the change of ideological installations, changing the climate of the era. I will illustrate this by comparing the interpretation of the word cosmopolitanism In the 7th edition of the "Dictionary of Foreign Words" I.V. Lyukhina and F.N. Petrova (1980) and in the "modern dictionary of foreign words." In the first, this is the "reaction bourgeois ideology, preaching the refusal of national sovereignty, national traditions and cultures in the name of the abstract" unity of the human race "," a single state 44, denied patriotism under the slogan "man is a citizen of the world 44; to. The opposite of the proletarian internationalism "; In the second - "ideology t. World citizenship acts in the form of various ideological and political orientations - from the interaction and rapprochement of peoples and states to a nihilistic attitude towards national cultures and traditions. "

End XX - early XXI century. marked by the appearance of a large number of new dictionaries reflecting the results of an extremely activated borrowing process.

"Explanatory dictionary of foreign language words" L.P. Krysina is the first philological dictionary of foreign words and refers to the number of the most authoritative publications of this type. He reflected long-term studies of the author in the field of borrowed vocabulary and the principles of its description [Kratin 1997; 2004]. In the preface it is noted that the dictionary "describes the properties the words, And not the things indicated by him: its origin, meaning in modern Russian, as well as pronunciation, emphasis, grammatical characteristics, semantic links with other foreign language words, stylistic features, typical examples of use. " Much attention is paid to grammatical information about the foreign language, as well as the presentation of the semantic structure of a multi-valued word in its dynamics. The dictionary contains both commonly used vocabulary and special terms and terminological phrases. Special attention is paid to borrowings of the 80-90s. XX century ( airbus, Grant, Zombies, Yogurt, Kickboxing, Copyright, Cursor, Couturier, Stapler, Talk Show and mn. Dr.). In addition to the names of the homes, a number of own names, calling faces and objects that have a general cultural and historical importance (Apollo, Hercules, Amur, Buddha, Calvary, Quran, Antarctica, Renaissance). The dictionary is regulatory, so the author of a dictionary with caution made in it not enough developed lexical innovations. We give examples of vocabulary articles showing the specifics of the "intelligent dictionary of foreign language words" L.P. Rat:

IMMIGRANT,-but, m., Odash. [IMMIGRANS (IMMIGRATIS) is placed]. 1. A foreigner who arrived in any. Country for permanent residence. Immigrant- related to immigrants. || Cf. Migrant, emigrant. 2. zool. Animal is a representative of the species, genus or other groups that have been united to this territory on another territory, where these groups arose and developed.

CRACKER,-but, sobir., m. [Hyhead / g. Croacker Kerker - related to Cracker 1, 2. || Wed: Chips.

In the dictionary L. P. Kratin "1000 new foreign words" collected the most commonly used foreign words borrowed by the Russian language in the second half of the XX - early XXI century. (Brand, Voucher, Jacuzzi, Driver, Havel, Image Maker, Clone, Mentality).

Taking into account the pragmatic interests of the potential reader in the names of many dictionaries of foreign words, words appear big, new, newest, modern, relevant. So, the goal of the "Dictionary of New Foreign Words", as the author N.G. notes in the preface. Komlev, - to fill the natural lexicographic gap, which was characteristic of fundamental dictionaries of foreign words due to their specifics. Because of the rare reissue, they were not able to quickly respond to current lexical innovations and usually included such borrowed words that have already gained in Russian, received a steady composition of the values. Foreign borrowings are included in the dictionary, which are either quite widely distributed in Russian speech (as, for example, collage), or used in a professional language (for example, designat or operand), either generally met by the vocabulary in Russian version 2-3 times (for example, brokerage). Later and more complete "dictionary of foreign words" of the same author contains foreign-speaking words and expressions that are often used in modern media, in business documentation (for example, scanner, Squash, Skateboard, Skinhead, Scotch, Slots, Slogan, Spray, Sponsor, Stagnation, Stapler). The special section of the book is a "signpost of Russian-foreign correspondences", including Russian words and descriptive speeds and the corresponding foreign language borrowing (Wed: Large amount of winning in the lottery - jack Popeinaccessible knowledge - transcendent Porovna, in half - fIFT-FIFTI, Insurance receipt - policy, Enlargement of the National Monetary Unit - denomination).

Actual for a wide range of interpretation of new borrowing is presented in the G.N. Short Branch Sklyanskaya and E.Yu. Wowulina "Let's talk correctly! The newest and most common borrowings in the modern Russian language. " It includes foreign language words actively used in modern speech and reflecting topical concepts from the most significant areas (policies, economics, finance, commerce, journalism, computer science). An essential feature of the dictionary is the inclusion in it, along with the borrowings rooted in Russian, many words that have emerged in recent years and are often absent in other lexicographic publications. (blockbuster, bowling, badge, brand, migrant worker, grant, euro, cloning, condominium, laptop, top manager, hacker, euthanasia and etc.). An important part of a number of vocabulary are encyclopedic information and etymological references. So, the word spam Utualized in modern speech recently, gets (with litters inform., Disinforce) Interpretation ("Mass mailing (usually advertising), carried out without the consent of the user; network trash, issuing unsolicited commercial advertising and other information on the Internet"), accompanied by an illustrative material ( Advertising spam. Fighting spam. SPAM messaging program and etymological reference: "From spannedham.- Canned ham (annoyed product advertised). " Thus, the reader receives information about the semantics of the word (including the connotative components explicated not only in the litters, but also in interpretation elements - network garbage) On typical contexts of its use, on etymology, which, in combination with encyclopedic information, creates the "image of the word", fixes it in the consciousness of the reader. The dictionary is reflected in modern speech to continuously expand the sphere of functioning of lexical units. Ensure word best-seller, which is accompanied by the following interpretation: "Goods, service IT.P., which is enjoyed by increased demand, which are particularly popular in a period of time" ( The World Bestseller series. The film became a bestseller. Plate - real bestseller. The new model of the scanner is the bestseller of September). At the end of the vocabulary article, the compilers note: "Initially: only about the book published by a huge circulation", thereby translating the uzual use from the discharge of erroneous or unwanted in the regulatory or at least permissible. The dictionary demonstrates the process of developing the semantic structure of the borrowed word. So, the word shahid [Arab., lettersthe martyr for faith], which is absent in other dictionaries of foreign words, but is actively used in modern speech, two values \u200b\u200bare presented: "1. The follower of Islam, who fell in the war against the enemies of this religion. 2. Islamic suicide terrorist, kamikaze. An important stage in the development of many borrowed words is their variation (spelling, accentological, orphoepic). The dictionary expressively illustrates this phenomenon: high tech and heitёk, Kitch and kich, mass media and massample, Marketing and marketing, Fast Food and fast Food, Town House and townhouse, sequestor and sequist, Rielter. and rieltor, Public-Ryleyshnz, Public Ryleyshnz and public Rileyshenz, Laptop and laptop, Romeykand remotyk, Player and player.

"Modern dictionary of foreign words" M.N. Cherkasova and L.N. Cherkasy contains lexical units that are actively used in modern speech, in journalism, on television, in the environment of young people, in the socio-political sphere, in the field of computer and nanotechnology. In the body of the dictionary included: the latest borrowing 1990-2008. ( avatar, Anime, Bandana, Boutique, Jacuzzi, Rave, website, tattoo, foap, chat and etc.); New borrowing 1960-1990s. ( camping, Cybernetics, Slide, Hippie and etc.); Units that have received widespread in the XX century. or changed their semantics: (address, album, archive, virus, directive, president, pilot, editor and etc.); Actual frequency derivatives formed on the basis of foreign-speaking roots ( anoshnik, disk, drive ", limit, limiter", license, licensed, licensed); Translistered words and expressions ( public Ryleshnz, Pret-a-port, Aysicia, Ai-Kewand etc.); tracing (microwave, brain leak, girl with cover, computer or electronic virus and etc.).

In the "new foreign word dictionary" E.N. Zakharenko et al. Also reflected the latest foreign language borrowings of the end of the XX - early XXI century. A significant proportion was the terminology: Computer (applauding, posting, emoticon etc.), technical (Validator, concept card, crash test etc.), medical (generic, iridology, mammogrametc.), political and sociological (anti-globalism, monetization, exitpol et al.), sports (Aquabik, Velobol, Reiling and etc.). Widely represented by foreign language vocabulary related to the field of economics and business (Account, Keuch, Retail et al.), to the service sector (Barista, Cleaning,hostel and others), to promotional activities (Wobler, Store, pillar etc.), to the religious sphere (Bodhi, IRSMOS, Prokimen et al.), to the field of art and show business (Brit-Non, preview, trash etc.), to other areas of life (Bomber, Vintage, Spa and many others).

The orientation on the mass reader determined the emergence of a number of popular illustrated dictionaries of foreign words. A successful example of such publications is Vocabulary E.A. Grishina. A feature of the "new illustrated dictionary of foreign words", reissued under the name "Dictionary of foreign words" (edited by

V. Butomeeva), is its construction not only alphabetically, but also on the thematic principle: the words combined by a particular topic are interpreted in one nest. With the help of reference, the user gets the opportunity not only to know the meaning of an unfamiliar word, but also to obtain additional information about the relevant area. For example:

CERAMICSc. Keramos Clay] - pottery art, burned clay products: dishes, small plastic, architectural parts, facing tiles, plumbing, chemical instrument IT.P. MAJOLICA iT. Maiolica from the name of Majorca] - artistic K. from color clay, covered with opaque icing. TERRACOTTA [IT. Terra Earth + Cotta burned] - burned color clay without glazes and products from it. PORCELAIN [PERS.] - 1) artificially made mineral mass with various impurities (quartz, field swap) for the manufacture of various products in accordance with its physical and chemical properties; 2) products from F. as a kind of ceramics. FAIENCE fr. Faience by IT title. The Faenz, where it was produced] - white or colored mass of special clay grads with plaster and other impurities.

A number of dictionaries purposefully describes borrowing from specific languages. Here, first of all, dictionaries, acquainting antique heritage in Russian. So, the Dictionary-Directory

A.I. Voronkova, L.P. Obsova, L.M. Popova "Latin heritage in Russian" characterizes Latin borrowings and their word-forming potency. The first part of the work is a historical sketch of words with Latin roots in Russian with X to XX century. The second part presents Latin words that underlie Russian derivatives. The third part contains an alphabetic list of Russian derivatives, the time of the first fixation of these words is indicated. A similar purpose of dating users with antique borrowings is pursued by Dictionaries S.Yu. Afonkina, N.T. Babicheva and Ya.M. Borovsky, L.S. Ilinskaya, V.P. Somov.

In the "explanatory dictionary of French borrowing in Russian" T.I. Belitz gathered lexemes who came to the Russian language from the end of the XVII century. To present, and related to thematic fields of "nominations of trendy realities" (the names of the types of tissues, clothing, accessories, jewelry, hairstyles, etc.) and "culinary terms" (names of dishes and cooking methods, varieties of cheese, alcoholic beverages and other nominations related to the sphere of culinary art: ambigue, Bardering, Cheek, salers, pastilage and etc.). Actually linguistic characteristics of the lexemes are combined in a dictionary with national and cultural information about these realities.

Since the vocabulary of the Russian language is enriched and at the expense of the languages \u200b\u200bof the peoples of Russia and the former USSR, a number of dictionaries describe these borrowing layers. However, it should be borne in mind that not all of the words given in them entrenched in the vocabulary composition of the Russian literary language. Many function only in the Russian speech of residents of national republics and other states and are used in fiction as exotic. Thus, in the brief thematic dictionary of the city of the Hoiliani "Georgian vocabulary in Russian", Georgian words neglected into Russian ( chakhochili., chacha, Suluguni, Tamada et al.), presented in 40 thematic groups: the names of grape varieties, wines, dishes, clothes, etc.

"Dictionary of Turkicism in Russian" E.N. Shipova has a serious historical-etymological basis (it is widely represented by borrowing from Turkic languages, starting with the ancient Russian written monuments, the etymology and the history of the appearance of words in Russian) are disclosed), which allows it to be used in the study of Russian vocabulary in a historical aspect.

Dictionary R.A. The Junaleva "Tree Trugisoms in Russian", compiled on the material of numerous and diverse sources, also contains turkims "in the pedigree tree of derivatives formed in Russian soil" ( quince: ivina, Ivovy, Ivea, "Bai: bay, essential; biaz: bumpish, bezine; Uryuk: Uryukova, imperious, imperceptible, "jackal: shakali, Shakalian, Shakalka etc.).

The specific reservoir of foreign language borrowing is presented in a special lexicographic publication - "The dictionary of foreign language words and expressions" A.M. Babkina and V.V. Shenderman. It contains lexical borrowing, which, despite the long-term operation in Russian, are not given at all with its foreign language and are used in untrained form. The dictionary is rapped by expressions, terms of terms and chassis quotes or their debris, commonly used (or in the past) without reference to the source and the replenishment of the phraseological supply of the language (Adhoc, Censor Morum Comme Si Comme Ga Homo Sapiens and etc.). The database of the dictionary was samples from scientific, artistic, memoir and episristolar literature in chronological boundaries from Pushkin Powder to our time.

Emergency activation of the borrowing process at the end of the XX - early XXI century. It leads to the fact that existing authoritative dictionaries do not have time to reflect new linguistic acquisitions. Dictionaries appear, giving the user an operational response to emerging issues. Such, for example, a small dictionary - directory I. V. Gladkova, B. V. Emelyanova, A.E. Zimbuli "Naughty Words in our language", containing borrowing, quite actively used in the media and in many cases not included in the intelligent dictionaries and in the dictionaries of foreign words, "Dictionary travelers: a small intelligent-etymological dictionary of foreign words", designed for a wide range readers and includes other-language words used in modern media (for example: impeachment, lobby, pubicati, voucher, dealer, marketing, voice recorder, air conditioning, printer).

In the "Abbreviation Unit of Interactive Origin" L.N. Baranova considered abbreviations like NATO, NASA, SD, DVD, Their decoding is given, their pronunciation and consumption in speech.

In recent years, there have been a lot of training dictionaries of foreign words that, in the composition of the Sloven, and according to the descriptions of the description, are focused on studying different ages.

In the "School Dictionary of Foreign Words" L.P. Krysina preference is given to that vocabulary, which is often found and is actively used in the speech practice of schoolchildren. In addition to interpretations and data on the origin of the word, the vocabulary article includes grammatical and stylistic litters, instructions on the proper pronunciation, short currencies illustrating different values \u200b\u200bof borrowed words. Important for students are certificates of cultural and historical nature. There has been a lot of borrowing of recent years (fax, file, shaping, hacker etc.).

Useful benefit for students is the "School Dictionary of Foreign Words" by V. V. Odintova, etc., which includes foreign words in modern oral and written speech. Word articles contain broad information: they reveals the meaning of the word, its origin, gives grammatical and accentological characteristics. In the vocabulary article, the words forming the nest with the header word. Where it is possible, a cultural and historical comment is given. The values \u200b\u200bof the words are illustrated by consideration and examples of fiction. For example:

Popure nOT., Wed (Fr. Pot-Pourris - letters Kushany from different meat varieties). 1. Musical play, composed of excerpts of famous musical melodies. The military orchestra in the city garden played Popourry from herp. 2. (Turn.) Mescanin, mixing heterogeneous things.

In Fr. The word "Popourry" was originally called the Kushan, consisting of small pieces of various products. And in Russian in the first half of the XIX century. It marked the dance made up of small dances or from passages from different dances.

Afonkin S.Yu. Zries in the root: Explanatory dictionary of foreign words of Greek and Latin origin. Spb. : Chemisma, 2000. 336 p.

Babichev N.T., Borovsky Ya.M. Dictionary of Latin winged words / ed. Ya.M. Borovsky. M.: Drop: Russian - Media, 2008. 987 p. .

Babkin A.M., Shenden V. V. A dictionary of foreign language expressions and words used in Russian without translation: in 3 kN. 2nd ed. St. Petersburg: Quotas, 1994. KN. 1-3. .

BaranovaL.N. Dictionary of abbreviations of foreign-speaking origin [about 1000 abbreviation]. M.: AST-PRESS BOOK, 2009. 320 p.

BarbashovaL.IN. A dictionary of foreign words [about 4000 words of foreign-speaking origin]. St. Petersburg: Publishing House of S.-Petersburg. State University, 1999. 171 p.

Belitsa T.I. Explanatory dictionary of French borrowing in Russian: (on the material of thematic fields "nomination of fashionable realities" and "culinary terms"). Novosibirsk: Novosibir. State University, 2007. 223 p.

A large illustrated dictionary of foreign words [about 60,000 foreign words and expressions]. M.: East - West: Biblio, 2009. 958 p.

Large illustrated dictionary of foreign words. M.: Astrel [et al.], 2006. 957 p.

Large dictionary of foreign Words / Sost. V.Yu. Nikitin. M.: House of the Slavic Book, 2009. 991 p.

Large dictionary of foreign words: A-I [more than 25,000 words] / Sost.

A.Yu. Moskvin. 7th ed., Act. and add. M.: Centerpolygraph, 2008. 685 p. .

Large dictionary of foreign words. M.: Petya, 2008. 703 p. (Russian language). .

BrussenskayaL.A. A dictionary of unchangeable foreign language words of the Russian language. Rostov N / D.: Publishing House Rostov, State. Ped. University, 1997. 236 p.

Bulyko.n. Large dictionary of foreign words. 3rd ed., Act. and recreated. M.: Martin, 2010. 702 p. .

Vasyukova I.A. Dictionary of foreign words [about 3000 most commonly used foreign words] / d. ed. E. E. Zorin. M.: Act [et al.], 2006. 415 p.

Vasyukova I.A. Dictionary of foreign words [about 6000 words] / Ed. I. K. Sazonova. M.: AST-PRESS BOOK, 2001. 631 p. .

Galchenko I.E. Glossary of vocabulary of the peoples of the Northern Caucasus languages \u200b\u200bin Russian: Tutorial. Ordzhonikidze: Publishing House of Seast. University, 1975. 199 p.

Gilar'evsky R.S., Starostin B.A. Foreign names and names in the Russian text: Directory. 3rd ed., Act. and add. M.: Higher School, 1985. 303 p. .

Gladkova I.V., Emelyanov B.V., Zimbuli A.E. Naughty words in our language: Dictionary-Directory [about 800 borrowing]. Ekaterinburg [b. and.], 2011. 128 p.

Nauteani G.G. Georgian vocabulary in Russian: a brief thematic dictionary. Tbilisi: Publishing House of Tbill. University, 1972. 255 p.

Grishina E.A. Illustrated dictionary of foreign words [about 5,000 words and phrases, more than 1,200 illustrations]. M.: Act: Astrel, 2008. 319 p.

Grishina E.A. A brief dictionary of foreign words [about 8,000 units]. M.: Astrel: Act, 2005. 638 p. [The same in 2002].

Grishina E.A. The newest illustrated dictionary of foreign words [about 30,000 words and phrases, more than 5000 illustrations]. M.: Act [et al.], 2009. 878 p.

Danilyuk I. G. Modern dictionary of foreign words for medium and higher school. Donetsk: Bao, 2008. 560 p.

Egorova G.V. Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language for schoolchildren. M.: Adendant, 2014. 351 p. (Library of pocket dictionaries).

Zhukovsky S. G. Live dictionary of foreign words in modern Russian [more than 600 words]. M.: School press, 2001. 189 p.

Zakharenko E.N., Komarov LN., Nechaeva I.V. A new dictionary of foreign words [Over 25,000 words and phrases]. 3rd ed., Act. and add. M.: Azbukovnik, 2008. 1040 p. .

Ilyinskaya L.S. Latin heritage in Russian: Dictionary-directory. M.: Gloss-Press, 2003. 400 p. .

KavetskayaR.K.,Lenchenko K.P. Initial words on the pages of the modern press: the [about 660 words] dictionary. Voronezh: Publishing House Voronezh. State University, 1996. 97 p.

Komlev N.G. Foreign word in business speech: a brief dictionary of new words with translation and interpretation. M.: MKDZI, 1992. 125 p.

Komlev NG. Foreign words and expressions. M.: Contempor, 1997. 205 p.

Komlev N.G. Dictionary of foreign words [more than 4500 words and expressions]. M.: Eksmo, 2006. 669 p.

Komlev N.G. Dictionary of new foreign words: (with translation, etymology and interpretation). M.: edit - in power. State University, 1995. 142 p.

Komlev N.G. School dictionary of foreign words. M.: Eksmo-Press, 1999. 544 p.

Krysin L.P. Illustrated Explanatory Dictionary of Foreign Words [Over 25,000 words and phrases, 2000 illustrations: the most common foreign words included in the Russian language in the XVIII-XX and early XXI century]. M.: Eksmo, 2011. 863 p. Rattles New dictionary of foreign words. M.: Eksmo, 2007. 480 p. (School dictionaries).

Krysin L.P. A new dictionary of foreign words: the most consumable foreign words included in the Russian language in the XVIII - XX and early XXI century. M.: Eksmo, 2005. 475 p.

Rattles Modern dictionary of foreign words [Over 7000 words and expressions] / Ros. Acad. science M.: AST-PRESS, 2012. 410 p. (Desktop Dictionaries of the Russian Language).

Krysin L.P. Explanatory dictionary of foreign language words [over 25,000 words and phrases] / Ros. Acad. Science, In-t Rus. Yaz. them. V. V. Vinogradova. M.: Eksmo, 2010. 939 p. .

Krysin L.P. Training dictionary of foreign words. M.: Eksmo, 2010. 704 p.

Krysin L.P. School dictionary of foreign words [about 1,500 lexical units]. M.: Drop: Russian, 1997. 299 p.

Krysin L.P. 1000 new foreign words. M.: AST-PRESS BOOK,

2009. 319 p. (Small Desktop Dictionaries of the Russian Language). Latin heritage in Russian: Dictionary-Directory / Sost.

A.I. Voronkov, L.P. No, L.M. Popova. M.: Flint: Science,

Moskvin A.Yu. Large dictionary of foreign words [more than 25,000 words]. 7th ed., Act. and add. M.: Centerpolygraph, 2008. 685 p. .

Muzhrukova T.G., Nechaeva I. V. Popular dictionary of foreign words [about 5000 words] / Ed. I.V. Nechaeva. M.: Azbukovnik, 2002. 496 p. .

Nechaeva I.V. Dictionary of foreign words. M. : Act, 2007.

538 p. (Pocket dictionaries library).

The newest dictionary of foreign words: A-I [about 5000 words] / autochet. E.A. Okunpov. 2nd ed. M.: Iris press, 2009. 509 p. .

The newest dictionary of foreign words and expressions [more than 25,000 vocabulary articles, over 100,000 foreign words and expressions]. Minsk: Modern Writer: Belarusian House Press, 2007. 975 p.

The newest School Dictionary of Foreign Words / Sost. L.A. Aslanova. M.: House of the Slavic Book, 2012. 639 p.

New Illustrated Dictionary of Foreign Words / Sost. L. V. Barbashova, V.A. Grachev, V.P. Rose; Ed. V. Botrosheev. M.: Dekont +, 1998. 309 p.

A new dictionary of foreign words [more than 4500 words] / Sost. M. Sitnikova. 4th ed., Ched. Rostov n / d. : Phoenix, 2008. 299 p. (Dictionaries). .

New dictionary of foreign words [more than 20,000 words] / ch. Red

V. V. Adamchik. Minsk: Modern writer, 2005. 1087 p. Popular dictionary of foreign words / ed. So-called Gurieva. M.: Ripol Classic, 2002. 799 p. (Encyclopedic Dictionaries). Semenova N.M. New brief dictionary of foreign words: over 6500 words. 3rd ed., Ched. M.: Drop: Russian - Media, 2008. 793 p. [In the 1st ed. 2005, in the 2nd ed. 2007 d. ed. N.M. Semenova (without Decree. Avt.)].

Skarevskaya G.N., Vaulin E.Yu. Let's talk right! The newest and most common borrowings in modern Russian: a short dictionary-directory. Spb. : Philol. Fact S.-Petersburg. State University, 2004. 217 p.

Dictionary of foreign words / ed. So-called Gurieva. M.: World of Book, 2003.415 p.

Foreign Word Dictionary / Sost. I.E. Zemlyanskaya [et al.]; Ed.

So-called Gurieva. M.: Terra - Book Club, 2009. 398 p.

Dictionary of foreign words in Russian [for schoolchildren and students] / Sost. E. Gruber. M.: Lock-press; Minsk: Modern Word, 2005. 654 p.

Dictionary of foreign words [in 2 tons] / d. ed. S.N. Berdyshev [and others].

M.: Terra - Book Club, 2002. T. 1-2.

Dictionary of foreign words for schoolchildren /Avt. V. V. Morkina.

M.: Iris-Press: Rolf, 2001. 406 p.

A dictionary of foreign words for schoolchildren [about 3,500 words] / Avt - Cost. L.A. Subbotina. [Reisd.]. Ekaterinburg: y-factor,

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Dictionary of foreign words for schoolchildren / Ed. MP Sterligova. St. Petersburg: Regatta: Lite, 2000. 509 p.

Dictionary of foreign words for schoolchildren [about 6000 words] / Sost.

G. A. Lebedeva. M.: Slavic House of Books, 2002. 509 p.

A dictionary of foreign words and expressions [more than 17,000 units] / Auto, Cost. E.S. Zenovich; Scientific ed. L.N. Smirnov. M.: Act: Olympus,

2008. 778 p. [Also in 1997; Also in 2006 under the following: Dictionary of Foreign Words].

Dictionary of foreign words [about 2500 words] / Red.-Cost. D.K. Khachaturian. M.: Omega, 2001. 303 p. (To help the schoolchild).

Dictionary of foreign words [about 3000 words] / Red.-Cost. E.D. Goncharov. M.: Drop: Russian - Media, 2008. 211 p.

Dictionary of foreign words [about 4000 words] / Sost. V.P. Bootroeyev, T.V. Rose; Ed. V. Butomeeva. M.: Prestige KN. [et al.], 2005. 541 p. (Library of encyclopedic dictionaries). [The same in 2000 in the series "Illustrated Schoolboy Dictionaries"].

Dictionary of foreign words [about 5000 words] / Sost. MP Sterligov; Ed. K. B. Vasilyeva. St. Petersburg: Avalon: Alphabet Classic, 2010. 382 p.

Dictionary of foreign words [about 10,000 most common words of modern lexicon] / Sost. M.Yu. Groom, E.S. Yurchenko. Rostov N / D.: Phoenix, 2001. 797 p. (Dictionaries).

Dictionary of foreign words [about 10,000 words] / Sost. That Ears. St. Petersburg: Victory: Victoria Plus, 2008. 813 p.

Dictionary of foreign words [about 20,000 words and terms] / Ed. I.V. Lyukhina and F.N. Petrova. 19th ed., Even. M.: Russian, 1990. 624 p. .

Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language for schoolchildren / Sost. T.V. Egorova. M.: Adendant, 2014. 351 p. (Library of pocket dictionaries).

Dictionary of foreign words [Over 6000 words] / d. ed. TM Martynova, N.G. Kotova. M.: Alta Print, 2008. 542 p.

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Modern dictionary of foreign words [about 7,000 words, 14,100 phrases and suggestions, 1750 quotes] / Sost. LM Bash

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Universal Dictionary of Foreign Words [about 45,000 borrowed terms] / Ed. T. Volkova. M.: Veva, 2000. 687 p.

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School dictionary of foreign Words / Sost. A.A. Medvedev. M.: Center - Polygraph, 2011.607 p.

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School dictionary of foreign words [more than 1,500 words] / Sost.

V.V. Odintsov, V.V. Ivanov, G.P. Smolitskaya, E.I. Golanova, I.A. Vasilevskaya; Ed. V. V. Ivanova. 3rd ed., Pererab. M.: Enlightenment, 1994. 272 \u200b\u200bp. .

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illustration. Kazan: Taglimat, 2005.

Adammed words are absolutely in every language of the world. They come with any interaction of countries. This article will help to figure out what borrowed words are, and how to distinguish them.

In contact with

Dictionary of borrowed words

Borrowed words in Russian Appears when relationships with representatives of other countries, nations are similarly complemented and the speech is improved. Borrowed vocabulary appears when there is no important concept.

Borrowing words from other languages \u200b\u200bwill noticeably complement the speech, where they enter, make people closer to each other, it becomes easier to understand foreigners using international terms in speech.

In the dictionary of borrowed words contain admirable words that came to Russian in different time segments. Value They are revealed very fully, the etymology is explained. It is possible to find the necessary word on the first letter, as in the usual glossary.

Words borrowed from other languages

The foreign speakers who came by admiorming behave differently. Some come true, enter into speech, changing through all the rules of the Russian dialect (for example, sandwich), others do not change, are applied in the original condition (a bright sample word sushi).

Words borrowed divided into Slavic and Neslavian. For example, Slavic dialects, Czech, Ukrainian, Staroslavlyansky, Polish, and others. Nestlavian - Finno-Ugorsky, Germanic, Scandinavian, Turkic, etc.

List of foreign language words in Russian

Borrowed words in most of them are simply forced to change over all rules of Russian adverb: phonetically, semantically and morphologically. But over time, such terms are so firmly included in everyday life that most simply cease to be regarded alien. For example, words "School", "Sugar", "Activist", "Banya", "Artel" And others were initially brought into Russian from other dialects, only now they are accepted for the Russians.

Attention! Borrowed from others Narachchi words can change dramatically: alone only end endings, others can change the race, others even change their meaning.

Consider the words conservatory, conservative, canned food.

At first glance, their values \u200b\u200bare completely different, even these three expressions came from completely different countries, but they have something in common, the fact that even at first glance is striking - they are similar to writing.

This is explained very simple. In our dialect, they came from Italian, French and Latin. And on them, for their part, one term came from Latin, meaning to "save".

Important! To correctly determine the lexical meaning of any word, you need to know where it was brought from.

If there is no confidence, an expression has come from other languages \u200b\u200bor is an invalid Russian, dictionaries come to revenue, where not only the value is explained, but also the emergence.

For clarity below are given. examples of borrowed words in Russian:

Borrowing language	Adammed word	Semantics
	Business	Case, case
	Price list	Price list
	Gameplay	Game process
	Diving	Swimming underwater
	Penalty	Punishment
	Blogger	Man publishing a online diary on the Internet
	Parkovka	Parking
	Cake	Cake
Arab	Admiral	Marine Lord
	Score	Warehouse
	Bathrobe	Honorary outfit
Ancient Greek	Aristocracy	The power of the elected
	Atheism	Barless
	Comedy	Joyful songs
	Optics	See
	Skeleton	Dried up
	Telephone	Far hear
	Tragedy	Goat
	The photo	Light record
	Bank	Bench, shop
Italian	Vermicelli	Chervilla
	Paparazzi	Docted mosquitoes
	A tomato	Golden Apple
Latin	Gravitis	Severity
	Oval	Egg
	Rail	Straight stick
	Soldier	Coin for military service, salary
	Stimulus	Palk for animals
	Pan	Rounded boiler
German	Cup	Bowl
	Camp	Storage
	Mouthpiece	Product for mouth
	Ratuzu	Pants for riders
	Market	Circle, Square
	Jail	Tower
	Apron	Front scarf.
	Barrier	Ciled tree
	State	State
	Chess	Shah died
Persian	Barbecue	Six suckers
	Suitcase	Warehouse of things
	Bydlo	Skot
Polish	Klyanch	Kneel
	Bouillon	Decoction
	Conductor	Led
French	Corset	Body
	Marauder	Robber
	Still life	Dead nature
	Dude	Dove
	Masterpiece	Professional business
	Floor	Land

Inoyasic words

Often you can hear the phrase foreign word. What are there such andWhat do they imagine?

Inowy-speaking words are passaged terms from other dialects. The introduction of borrowed words occurs in two ways: through a conversation and through literature. This is a natural process in the interaction of two different languages \u200b\u200band cultures.

There are a number of differences, you can install on them, how are the original Russian words from borrowed.

The first feature is phonetic:

1. Begins with the letter a. It is easy to distinguish them, since truly Russian expressions with the letter and begin to be extremely rare. Begin with but only interjections, imitation sounds And their derivatives.
2. Ordonously Russian words in the root do not have the letters e, it is typical for adopted terms. Exceptions -, interjections and formed from adopted words.
3. Letter f. Exceptions - imitation of sounds, interjections, the word Filin.
4. Several vowels in the root of the word indicate borrowed words in Russian.
5. Combinations of consonants "Kg," KD "," GB "and" KZ "in the roots of words.
6. Combinations "Ge", "Ke" and "Hee" are rooted. Original Russian words have these combinations only in the bundle.
7. Combinations "VU", "MJ", "Kyu" and "BU" are rooted.
8. Doubted consonants are rooted.
9. Solid sound consonant before vowel e, reading as er
10. The words, starting with the letter.

The second sign is morphological:

1. Nouns that are not inclined.
2. The immutability of the genus and the number of nouns.

Third sign - word-forming:

1. Foreign consoles.
2. Sufifixes of foreign origin.
3. Such roots such as aqua, geo, marin-, graph-, etc.

Summing up, it should be noted that original Russians and borrowed words easily distinguish, just paying attention to the above signs.

Borrowed vocabulary

What is actually borrowed? These are the expressions that entered into speech from other languages \u200b\u200bdue to external (political, commercial, general cultural relations, definitions of concepts, objects) and internal (the law of savings of verbal means, language enrichment, popular term) reasons.

Consider examples of borrowed words and their meaning.

Examples of english words

Russian term	English term	Value
Body.	Body - Body	Fitting body
Jeans	Jeans - Denim.	This kind of trouser has in the wardrobe of almost any person
Clutch	To clutch - squeeze, grab	Female bag of small size, she is worn in hand
Leggins	Leggings - Hamashi, leggings Leg - Noga	Tight gamashi of various textures and colors have been extremely popular among fashionable
Sweater	To Sweat - sweat	The sweater is very warm, and the origin of the name is obvious
Stretch	To Stretch - stretch	Strong tissue. Russians transformed him in Stretich
Hud.	Hood - Hood	hoodie
Shorts	Short - short	Shouted trousers
Jam	To jam - put pressure, compress	Jelly jelly jam
Roast beef	Roast - Fried Beef - Beef	Most often a piece of meat fried on the grill
Crisps	Chips - Crispy Fried Potatoes	One of the favorite delicacies of children and adults
Brand	Brand - title, brand	Popular brand goods
Investor	Investor - Depositor	A company or a separate person who invests in the money projects in order to increase the invested funds
Know-how	To Know - Know	Unique technology allowing to make an exceptional product or service
Release	Release - release	Production of such products as a music disc, book, etc.
Browser	Browse - view	Utility to view sites on the Internet
Notebook	Notebook - notebook	Portable computer
Best-seller	Best is the best Seller - Sale	That product that is best suited
Loser	To Lose - lose, fall behind	Jonah
Puzzle	Puzzle - puzzle	Puzzle from an impressive number pieces
Rating	To rate - evaluate	Product Form Level
Soundtrack	Sound - Sound Track - track	Most often music written for the film
Thriller	Thrill - nervous trembling	Film that can cause restless chills from fear

List of foreign language words in Russian You can continue endlessly. Learning, from what language the word came to speech, you can trace how the interaction between countries.

Examples of invariably Russian and borrowed words in science of lexicology are strictly distributed by origin.

There are many glossaries explaining what other language terms are. They are explained from which language This or that expression has come. It also provides offers with borrowed words of all centuries. Many expressions after a long time began to be perceived as the original Russians.

Now the most famous dictionary is "School Dictionary of Foreign Words" of the authorship of V.V. Ivanova. It is described in it, what language came from what language what it means, examples of use. This is one of the most complete glossary, which reveals the most basic concepts of the most frequently used terms.

Examples of borrowed words

Do you need borrowed words

Output

Find out what language this or that word, quite simple, sobering in its initial value. The dictionary gives a whole list of expressions, while it is constantly updated. The story of terms and their occurrence can tell a lot, it is worth only to find a word in glossary.

Rich and mighty Russian language, and this is the richest rich is constantly growing. Moreover, often new words come from other languages. Today we will tell you about the most frequently used words of English origin in Russian. You will find that you know more than a hundred words in English, not even studying them specifically.

Let's see what concepts concerning the names of the items of clothing and the world of fashion came to us from English.

Russian word	English word	Value
ivori.	ivory - Ivory	Ivory.
body.	a Body - body	Apparently the word happened from the fact that this type of clothing fits the body.
windprof	a WIND - wind; Proof - impenetrable	Wind-proof clothing, usually jacket.
jeans	jeans - Pants sewn from dense cotton fabric (denim)	Once there were gold leaving clothers, and today they find a place in the wardrobe of almost every person.
clutch	to clutch - grab, squeeze, squeeze	Little lady's handbag, which is compressed in hands.
leggings / Legins	leggings - leggings, hammashi; A Leg - Leg	Fashionable glamorous hammashi are now called Legins :-)
longsway	long - long; A Sleeve - Sleeve	T-shirt with long sleeves.
sweater	to Sweat - sweat	In the sweater and the truth is hot, so the origin of the word is quite logical.
the tuxedo	a Smoking Jacket - "The jacket in which smoke"	This word has an interesting origin. Previously, "the jackets in which they smoke" were homemade clothing. When a gentleman was going to smoke, he put on a tight jacket (a smoking jacket), which was called upon to protect his clothes from the smell of smoke and falling ash. By the way, in English, the tuxedo is a tuxedo or a Dinner Jacket, and smoking is "smoking".
stretch	to Stretch - stretch	So called elastic fabrics that are well drawn. In Russian, the wrong pronunciation of this word is also common - stretch.
hilisa	a Heel - Heel	Sneakers with a wheel on the heel.
hud.	a Hood - Hood	Hoodie.
shorts	short - short	Borrowed from English Short Trusers (short pants).
spouses	shoes - shoes	So on slang call shoes.

The kitchen of English-speaking people is hundreds of tastes and utility, so our domestic hostesses also prepare all sorts of overseas. These words and dishes have enriched Russian due to English:

Russian word	English word	Value
jam	to jam - compress, press	Analogue of our jam, only fruit pressure, mix so that the dishes have a jelly consistency.
kramble	to crumble - crumb	Pie, the basis of which consists of butter-flour crumbs.
cracker	to crack - break	Crisp cookies that breaks easily.
panketa	a Pan - frying pan; a Cake - Cake, Pellet, Pancake	American version of our pancakes.
roast beef	roast - fried; Beef - Beef	A piece of beef meat, usually cooked on the grill.
hot Dog	hot - hot; A Dog - Dog	Let's deal with why the dish favorite many people called so strange. The fact is that hot dogs came to the United States from Germany, where they were called Dachshund Sandwiches (Sandwich-Dachshund). This name was difficult to pronounce and replaced it on Hot Dogs. But why was the dish in Germany related to dogs? There is a version that many historians defend that in Germany until the middle of the 20th century, a dog meat was added quite often in sausages, so long sausages began to call "dachshunds".
crisps	chips - Fried Criste Potatoes	This word is interesting to the fact that in American English Chips is chips, and in British is Potato Fries, who in American English is called FRENCH Fries.
shortbred	short - fragile; Bread - Bread	So called crumbly shortbread cookies. The word Short is used in the value "fragile, brittle" for the products made of test, in which the high ratio of oil to flour.

English - international language, which is most often used on a high-level business negotiation. The terminology of the world's business is built on the words of English origin, so if you work in the field of economics, management, marketing and finance, then you already know hundreds of English words. Imagine the most frequently used of them:

Russian word	English word	Value
outsourcing	outsourcing - Attracting resources from external sources	Transfer on a contractual basis for certain types of work to third-party specialists.
brand	a brand - brand name	Mark of goods, which uses great popularity from buyers.
broker	a Broker - mediator, agent	A physical or legal person who serves as an intermediary when concluding transactions on the stock exchange, and also acts on behalf of its customers.
dedine	a deadline - deadline, deadline	Deadline for delivery.
defalt	default - non-payment, negligence, lack	Inability to fulfill obligations to return borrowed funds or interest on securities.
diversification	diverse - different, diverse	The development of new (various) activities by the enterprise. As well as the distribution of investments between different objects.
dealer	a Dealer - Trader, Sales Agent	A company that is engaged in the wholesale purchase of goods and selling it to consumers. Also a professional participant in the securities market.
distributor	to distribute - distribute	The representative of the manufacturer who purchases the goods from it and sells them or retailers and dealers, or directly to the buyer.
investor	an Investor - Depositor	A person or organization inserting funds to projects in order to increase its capital.
crowdfunding	a CROWD - Crowd; Funding - Financing	Financing new interesting ideas by cash or other resources with a large number of people at voluntary principles is usually carried out via the Internet.
leasing	to lease - rent	The shape of lending to acquire fixed assets of the enterprise, in fact it is long-term rental with the subsequent redemption right.
marketing	marketing - market promotion, market activity	Organization of production and sales of goods / services, which is based on studying the needs of the market. Marketing specialist is called marketer or marquet.
management	management - Management	Management of socio-economic organizations.
networking	a net - network; Work - work	Establishing business contacts, creating a network useful for dating.
know-how	to Know - Know; How - as	Technology, the secret of production, which allows you to create goods / service uniquely.
pR	public Relass - Public Relations	Activities for creating an attractive image of anyone / anywhere, including with the help of the media.
prime Time.	prime - the best part; Time - Time	Time when near the screens or the radio is going to the greatest audience
price list	a Price - price; A List - list	Price list, price list for goods and services of a particular company.
promoter	to Promote - promote	A person who is engaged in promoting goods / services in the market.
release	to Release - release, publish	Release into the light of a new product, such as a film, musical album, books, programs, etc.
retailer	retail - retail sale	A legal entity that purchases goods wholesale and sells them to retail.
realtor	rEALTY - Real Estate	Real estate specialist, mediator between the buyer and the seller.
startap	to Start Up - Run the project	The newly emerged company, which builds its business based on innovative ideas or technologies.
freelancer	a freelancer - a self-employed employee who provides its services to various companies	A person who performs temporary work (job to order).
holding	to Hold - Keep, own	A company that owns control packages of actions of several enterprises and due to this supervises control.

The dictionary of sports amateurs almost completely consists of English borrowing, so we can say that the fans are taught not only sports terms, but also expand their vocabulary of English. Look, what words from the world of sports gave us English.

Russian word	English word	Value
arm wrestling	an arm - hand; Wrestling - Fight	Fighting hands.
basketball, Volleyball, Soccer, Baseball, Handball	a ball - ball; a basket - basket; a volley - a blow from the summer, receiving the ball on the fly; a foot - foot; A BASE - base; A Hand - Hand	Sports of sports with the ball.
body-building	a body - body; To Build - build	Exercise with simulators or heavy shells for muscle buildup.
scuba diving	to date - dive; SCUBA (Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) - Aqualung	Scuba diving.
doping	dope - Drug	Forbidden means, swinging the organism for a short period of time.
curling	to curl - twist	The game in which you need to get a stone, moving on ice, in the target. At the same time, the stone of the rounded shape is spinning.
kickboxing	a Kick - kick; To Box - Boxing	A variety of boxing, in which kicks are allowed.
cross	to cross - cross	Running or rice of rough terrain.
penalty	a Penalty - Punishment, Fine	Pantry strike on the goal of the opponent.
rOPO-Jumping	a rope - rope; to jump - jump	Jumping with a climbing rope from a height.
surfing	surf - Surf Wave	Riding on the waves on the board.
skateboard	to Skate - ride; A Board - Board	Roller board.
sport	sport - Sport	The word initially happened from Disport, meaning "entertainment, distraction from work."
start	start - Departure, Start	Start something.
half	time - Time	Sports game time.
fitness	fitness - endurance, physical culture, form	Healthy lifestyle, including exercise to achieve a good form.
forward	a forward - the one who goes ahead of others	Attack.

In the IT sphere, almost all words are taken from English. We will give here the most frequently used, and about the rest you can read in the articles of our teachers "OK, Google, or all about gadgets and devices in English" and "Computer Basics or How to Survive in CyberSpace. Basic computer concepts in English. "

Russian word	English word	Value
browser	to Browse - view	The program for searching and viewing Internet resources.
virable	viral - viral	Popular, applies to Internet users like a virus.
gamer	a game - game	Man who is fond of computer games.
display	a Display - Demonstration, Show	Device for visual display of information.
driver	to Drive - manage, lead	A program that provides interaction between the operating system of the computer and its hardware components.
click	a click - click	Click the mouse button, click on the button or link on the site.
comuniy	a Community - Community	A group of people with the same interests.
login	to Log In - Log in	Name for authorization.
notebook	a Notebook - Notepad, notebook	Portable computer.
fast	to post - publish information	Message blog or on the forum.
provider	to provide - supply, provide	A company that provides access to the Internet, mobile communications.
traffic	traffic - movement, information flow	The amount of data that pass through the server
hacker	to hack - crack, chop	A person who is well versed in computers and can break through various systems.
user	a user - user	Computer user.

Of course, it is difficult to place all the words taken from the English language in one article. Below we present one of the most frequently used borrowed concepts. We think these words at least once in his life used every person.

Russian word	English word	Value
animaly	an Animal - Animal	Genre in art, which uses images of animals. You can often hear "animal print" about blouse with leopard color.
outsider	outsider - Strying, extreme	Non-specialist in any industry or a loser, as well as a team or an athlete who have almost no chance to win.
best-seller	best is the best; A Seller - Sold by, Chassis	The goods that are best for sale.
blender	to Blend - mix	Device for grinding and mixing products.
blockbuster	a block - quarter; to Bust - blow up	A popular film that makes the effect of an exploding bomb.
boiler	to boil - boiled	Device for water heating.
briefing	brief - Short	Short conference.
backing vocal	backing - support; Vocal - vocal	Singers who sang the performer.
glamor	glamor - charm, charm	Demonstrative luxury.
grant	a Grant - Dar, Subsidy, Dotation	Cash, guided by support for art, science, etc.
destructive	to destruct - destroy	Emptying, non-propelled, destructive.
imager.	image - image; to make - do	A person who creates an image, an external image.
impeachment	impeachment - distrust, condemnation	Decution from the authorities of the head of state due to any violations of the law.
camping	a Camp - Camp	Equipped for tourists recreation center with tents or small houses.
cool	clever - smart, dexted, gifted	According to some data, this slang word also has English roots.
clown	a clown - a rough guy, jester, clown	Pets of children in the circus (Circus comedian).
crossword	cross - intersecting; A Word - Word	Favorite by all puzzle, where words crosses each other.
loser	to lose - lose, miss, fall behind	Jonah.
mainstream	the Mainstream - Home Line, Basic Direction	The prevailing direction in any area.
parkovka	to Park - Parking, put on the parking lot	Parking for cars.
puzzle	a Puzzle - Puzzle	Puzzle consisting of a variety of pieces.
playlist	to play - play; A List - list	List of songs for playback.
press	to press - put	Pressure, Natisk. Often used in the value "Psychological Pressure".
rating	to rate - evaluate	Evaluation of something, the degree of popularity.
remake	a Remake - Alteration	Updated version of the old goods.
reportage	to report - report	Message in the press about some events.
summit	a Summit - Top	Meeting of heads of state or governments at the highest level.
soundtrack	a sound - sound; a Track - Track	Sound track, usually music from the film.
second hand	second - second; A Hand - Hand	Former things.
security	security - Security, Security	Security service, security guard.
selfie	sELF - self-	Self-portrait created with the camera.
square	a Square - Area	Landored plot in the city.
speaker	to Speak - Speak	One who performs at the conference, webinar, meeting, etc.
test Drive	test - trial; A Drive - Ride	Trial trip to assess the quality of the car.
talk show	to talk - talk; A Show - View	The show, during which the participants express their opinion on any question.
tram	a tram - wagon; A Way - Path	Type of public transport.
thriller	a Thrill - Nervous Shivery	Artwork, which makes you feel the nervous trembling and goosebumps running back.
trolleybus	a trolley - roller collector; a bus - bus, Omnibus	The name appeared because before the trolley buses were roller collectors.
tuning	tuning - Setup, Establishment	Alteration, improving the car.
handmade	a hand - hand; Made - Made	Things made by hands.
shampoo	a Shampoo - Washing Head	Head washing means.
escalation	to Escalate - Rise, Exceit	Increasing, strengthening something. For example, the escalation of the conflict is the aggravation of the conflict.

We also suggest you watch a video about the words that came to Russian from English.

These words of English origin in Russian, we often use in our speech. Now you know their origin, as well as understand their true meaning. However, such borrowings from English in Russian are much more. Do you know any words that came to us from English? Share your observations in the comments.