Why the Uniform Fighters of the NKVD became leather jackets. Children's shape of the Polagers of the NKVD Form of the NKVD during the war

Certificate of the author of the article
Major of the internal troops Versenko Valery Timofeevich. Born in 1949. 22 years old served in the internal troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, then served in the police. Overall service for 35 years. He was on business trips in Nagorno-Karabakh, Chechnya.

It must be pre-reminded that the internal troops of the NKVD by 1937 were represented.

In 1937, the General Directorate of Border and Internal Protection (NKVD HPVD) was renamed the General Directorate of the Border and Internal Troops of the NKVD of the USSR.

On February 2, 1939, the USSR SNK adopted a resolution "On the reorganization of border and internal troops", in accordance with which the General Directorate of the Border and Internal Troops of the NKVD of the USSR is divided into six major controls:
- Main Department of the Border Troops of the NKVD of the USSR;
- the main management of the Troops of the NKVD of the USSR on the protection of railway structures;
- the main management of the Troops of the NKVD of the USSR on the protection of particularly important industrial enterprises;
- the main management of the convoy of the NKVD of the USSR;
- Main Department of Military Supplies of the NKVD of the USSR;
- The main military-building department of the NKVD of the USSR.

November 20, 1939 Order of the NKVD of the USSR introduced "Regulations on the convoy of the NKVD of the USSR". They performed the conjunction of persons held in custody, carried out external protection of individual prisons. In this position, the tasks for military time associated with the conventionation and protection of prisoners of war were envisaged.
It should notice that the convoy troops carried out their functions in the way with the militarized protection of the Gulag (VCR GULAG NKVD). Some places of conclusion were protected by the fighters of the convoy parts, other WCS.

Below will deal with the form of clothing and signs of differences:
-Evascular NKVD SSR on the protection of particularly important industrial enterprises,
-Vask NKVD on the protection of railway structures,
-Con-revual troops of the NKVD.

In addition, before the start and in the first weeks of the war, several Rifle divisions of the NKVD internal troops were formed, whose states, the armament were hardly different from RKKA rifle divisions. These divisions took part in the battles on the front on a par with the RKKA divisions.

Note. The form of clothing and signs of the difference in the border troops of the NKVD did not differ from other NKVD troops, except that the field of the loop was not crapped with raspberry edge, and green with raspberry cat. Also, the caps had other colors. Therefore, the article will not say anything about border troops. The reader is only worth keeping in mind these differences of border guards.

In the figure, the servicemen of the NKVD troops in the form of OBR.1937g. On the left of the Red Army in the summer, in the center of the Lieutenant Infantry Troops of the NKVD in the winter form, on the right of the Senior Political Troop of the NKVD troops in France.

So, the point below will go about the form of clothing and signs of differences:
-stold parts and units of the internal troops of the NKVD,
-the and divisions of the NKVD SSR on the protection of particularly important industrial enterprises,
- Surfaces and Divisions of the NKVD on the protection of railway structures,
-Connet parts and NKVD divisions.

In all these parts and connections, the form of clothing and signs of differences are exactly the same, and almost completely, with the exception of some elements and colors of the loop, coincide with the Form of the Red Army.
For brevity in the text we will call their "NKVD troops".

It should be paid to the fact that if in the troops of the NKVD, all servicemen wore the titles and signs of the differences of identical army, then employees of the NKVD (various management, institutions, etc.) were titled with the prefix either "... internal service" or ".... state security." For example, "Captain of the internal service", "Sergeant of the State Security". This means that this title, an employee only works in the NKVD system and its title, so to speak "for internal use." But the soldier of the NKVD troops retains its title in all cases in the same way as the RKKK's serviceman. Simply put, the difference between the Lieutenant of the Red Army and the Lieutenant of the NKVD troops is only that one is subordinate to the NGO, and the second NKVD.

Decree of the CEC and SCC of the USSR dated July 10, 1937. The personal composition of the NKVD troops was translated into the system of distinction signs adopted in the Red Army.

In pursuance of this decision of the NKVD of the USSR, on July 15, 1937, an order No. 278 was issued, in accordance with which the following changes in the form of clothing were introduced:

Hatch with light blue tulle instead of blue;
- With the previous color, the gymnasters collar and the lap of the sleeves were trimmed with raspberry cats;
- Instead of a pressurope, Frenc was introduced from a woolen khaki color with bad patch pockets and six buttons-fasteners, on a collar and spells of sleeves - Raspberry Cant;
- Pants at night now there were khaki colors, and not dark blue.

The color of the loover and edging remained the same (the crap field and the Raspberry Kant), only the longitudinal strip was disappeared.
The liners of the grip color of military personnel of the middle, older and top command composition of the color edging did not have, and were trimmed along the edge of a narrow golden galoon (width 3 mm.), Similarly as in the RKKK
The nicknames of the grip color of the middle, older and highest boss (political, technical, administrative and economic, medical, veterinary composition, justice) had, as well as the younger team and the supervisory composition and ordinary, raspberry edging.

The dimensions of the loovers on the gymnasts and the sheel compared with 1933 were somewhat decreased:
The petters on the gymnaster had the form of a parallelogram of 10 cm long and a height of 3.25 cm;
The chinkels on the chinel had a rhombus shape with rounded concave tops with a height of 11 cm, 8.5 cm width.

Signs of differences for the younger team and the superior composition from one to four triangles of 1x1cm of copper covered with dark red enamel.
Signs of differences for the middle command and superior composition: two or three squares (referred to as "cubes" or "kubar") of 1x1cm of copper covered with dark red enamel.
Signs of the senior team and the superior composition from one to three rectangles (in use called "sleepers") from copper size of 1.6x0.7 cm, covered with dark red enamel.
Signs The differences for the highest command and superior composition were a diamond of 1.7 height and 0.8 cm wide. From copper covered with dark red enamel; quantity from one to four rhombuses.

Wearing the emblems of childbirth for troops and services in the buttercasters was mandatory for all, except for political composition.

In the RKKA, it was somewhat different. The main sort of troops - infantry and cavalry of the emblems did not have at all. The emblems were different from the main genera of the troops, specialists - tankers, telecommunications, artilleryrs, etc.

Moreover:
* The middle, the eldest and the highest commander composition of the NKVD troops on the sleeves above the overall (cuff) wore chevrons on the titles similar to those adopted in the Red Army,
* The military-political composition of the NKVD troops on the sleeves over the overall was carried by the Commissars (one star, regardless of the title),
* The rest of the middle, the eldest and the highest boss (technical, medical, veterinary, the intensity (administrative and economic), legal) of the NKVD troops on the sleeves did not have any signs.

From the author.The coloring of the pettiz and the signs of the difference in the servicemen of the internal troops of the NKVD and the employees of the NKVD bodies (and organs of the GB, which included in the NKVD system) were completely the same. The difference was that all NKVD military servicemen wore emblems, including the main parts - infantry and cavalry. But the employees of the NKVD bodies and state security bodies did not wear emblems. No. As commissioners in the army. But state security officers worely on both sleeves above the elbow sign GB ORD.1935.

The emblems for labor of the NKVD troops were set as follows:

Here you should pay attention to the following points:
1. The emblems in the buttercups wears the whole rank, team and the commanding composition, except for the military-political composition.
2. The entire military-technical structure in all kinds of troops is a single emblem "Engineering and Technical Composition".
3. MEDICAL MEEMBERY Golden, Silver Veterinarians. All the rest is golden.
4. Cavalry commemorate is not like it will wear in the Kavalry of the Red Army, when it is introduced there in 1943. In the cavalry of the NKVD troops, the emblem of the pile up, and in the cavalry of the Red Army, the balls of the box.
5. The infant infantry emblem in the NKVD troops was introduced in July 1937, and in the Red Army in July 1940.
6. Images of emblems are taken from the secondary source and I could neither precisely date it or refer to the document from which he was taken. Therefore, errors are not excluded here.

Note from Vermaeva Yu.G. I never could find a single policy document or NPO document, which this emblem was introduced for the infantry of the Red Army. The only document is an order of NPO No. 226 of 26.7.1940, where the infantry emblem is simply shown in the drawings of new signs of differences as already existing. I tend to think that NGOs simply borrowed this emblem from the NKVD.

And I also ask you to pay attention - the Commanders of the infantry of the NKVD and the RKKA infantry commander wore almost the same buttercups and completely the same signs of differences (cubes, sleepers, diamonds). Disassemble raspberry (RKKA) and crap (NKVD troops) The color of the loovets is usually possible only if you see them at the same time. And on black and white photos of that time, it is impossible to distinguish between and at all. Golden Galunchik on the edge of the loovers was carried in both departments. Thus, if there is no accurate photograph dating, to determine who in the picture is the infantry commander of the NKVD troops or the infantry commander of the Red Army is absolutely impossible. Therefore, the presence in photographs of this emblem in the loops literally misleads everything as to whether these emblems in the Red Army were or not.

Signs of differences in the ranks of an ordinary and junior command and superior composition since 1937:

1.Crasnamers. Infantry troops NKVD.
2. Aid commander. Cavalry of the NKVD troops.
3. Climbing Comvjud. Automobile parts and units of the NKVD troops.
Note. All drivers in all parts of the NKVD troops wore the same emblem.
4.Starshina. Infantry troops NKVD.

From the author. Pay attention - these are the military ranks of the younger boss of the NKVD troops, and not the position, as many believe. The fact that these titles sound like a position should not be misleading anyone. For example, the title of "Junior Comvustavoda" wore a soldier, who usually held the post of "Assistant Commander of the platoon" or "The commander of an independent (not part of the platoon) of the separation," or "commander of the gun", "Commander of the Baying Department".
For comparison, after all, the faces of the highest command staff with the introduction in 1935 of personal military ranks received the titles very similar with the title of positions - Combrigs, Comda, Comkor, Commander.

Signs of differences in the ranks of the middle command and superior composition since 1937:

Command structure:
1. Love lieutenant. Infantry troops NKVD.
2. PUET. Cavalry of the NKVD troops.
3. Started lieutenant. Armored parts of the NKVD troops.

Notes:
The title of younger lieutenant was introduced on 08/20/1937. Decree of SNK.
The buttercultural buttercups do not have, and are trimmed with a narrow gold galoon (3mm.)

Below are examples of the ranks of the superior composition:
4. Climbing a military man.
Note - Butterfish have a raspberry kant, in the loop, it is mandatory emblem of the military-technical composition, there are no violation characters.
The title of Junior Militaryhnik was introduced by Decree of SNK 20.08.1937.
The military mannik 2 rank had two cubes, a military mannik 1 rank 3 cube.

5.Onefeldsher.
Note - Buttercups have a Raspberry Kant, in the loop of the medical service emblem (from veterinarians of the emblem of the veterinary service), there are no violation characters.
Senior Voalfeldsher - 3 Cubes

6. Politruk.
Note - Buttercups have a raspberry kant, there are no emblems in the buttercups, the twisting stripe - the Commissar Star.
On 20.8.1937, the title of Jr. Politruk (in the 2 cubes) was introduced by the SNK Resolution.

Signs of the differences in the ranks of the senior command and superior composition since 1937:

Senior teamwork:
1. Kapitan. Infantry troops NKVD.
2. Major. Infantry troops NKVD.
3.Work. Cavalry of the NKVD troops.

Below are examples of the petition of the senior boss:

4. Reviewer 3 rank. Automobile parts of the troops of the NKVD.
Notes: Emblem inku. As a general rule, all military-technical servicemen should have worn by the emblem engineering and technical composition, but this rule was often disturbed,
Milnagerger 2 rank had 2 sleepers, and milleninwater 1 rank 3 sleepers.

5. Mervat 2 rank.
The militaryormarity of 3 rank had 1 sleeve, and the militaryormality of 1 rank 3 sleepers.
Similarly, veterinarians.

6.Polkova Commissioner.
Senior Politrooke had 1 sleeve in the buttercups, battalion commissioner 2 sleepers.

Signs of differences in the titles of the highest command and supervisory composition since 1937:

Command structure:
1.combrig,
2-comdive,
3-Comkk.
Note. In the troops of the NKVD, the highest rank was comk.

Below are examples of the keys of the superior composition:

4.brigade engineer.
Note. The military-technical composition had only two ranks - a briginener and divinener. Accordingly, one or two rhombus.
5.Divainer.
The military-medical composition had two titles - BRIVERS AND WATER. Military-veterinary composition - Brigwatvrach and Action.
6. Cupid Commissioner.
Note. The highest military-political composition, in contrast to the rest of the superior composition, had not two ranks, but three. In addition to the Brigadudual Commissioner, the Division Commissioner was still the title of the Corrugated Commissioner (this is not an error - it is the "corpus", and not "corps").
Naturally, the highest military-economic composition had a title Brigintandant and Divintandant, and the military-legal structure of a brigvyurist and a diviborist.

1940.

In 1940, a somewhat varies the ranks of the titles of the highest and senior command and the superior composition.
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 7, 1940, new military ranks are introduced for the top command of the Red Army in exchange for the titles of Comda, Comkor, Commander.

Accordingly, these changes are reflected in the troops of the NKVD.

However, the change in the titles is not automatically produced, but the corresponding orders. As a rule, new titles were assigned:
Komdiva - Major General,
Commot is a lieutenant-general.

Yesterday's Combrigs in rertesting was assigned depending on the post or the title of Colonel, or Major General. However, this process was delayed and at the time of the beginning of the war in the NKVD troops there were still several combries that were still one rhombus in the butter.

In relation to the brigade commissioners, the then head of the main political management of the Red Army achieved a decision, in accordance with which the title "Brigadier Commissioner" was no longer assigned, but the originated teams kept their rank and signs of differences before the next title (Division Commissioner) assigning them. Thus, some brigadier commissioners wore their rank up to the complete cancellation of the ranks of political workers in the fall of 1942.

In accordance with the changes in the ranks, new signs of differences are introduced. The highest command formulation of the NKVD troops (as in the Red Army), the shape of the loop now becomes the same that on the sheel, that on France and the gymnaster. Crap-colored butterfly field, metal or embroidered asteris. On the top edge of the loop, the commander's golden gown is 3 mm wide. The emblems in the petters did not have the generals of the NKVD troops.
Hanging similar to Chevrones of the RKKA generals. And Major General and Lieutente-General are the same Chevrons.

The rest of the highest supervisory composition has no changes in the signs of differences in comparison with 1937. They continued to wear their diamonds in the ledges of the former shape.

From the author. Please note that the brigade level in 1940 was canceled only at the command and military-political composition. Brigineer's titles, Brigintendant, Brigianship, Brigaltwatt, Brigvoenyurist and their signs of differences persisted.

On July 26, 1940 by order of the NGO of the USSR No. 226, the titles "Lieutenant Colonel" and "Senior Batalion Commissioner" are introduced, and therefore the signs of the differences in the senior command and superior composition are changed. Now three sleepers wear lieutenant colonel and senior battalion commissar, and the colonel and the regimental commissioner are four sleepers.
On August 5, 1940 by order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 642 on the NKVD troops, the Order of the USSR No. 226 of July 26, 1940 on changing the signs of distinction was distributed.

From Vermaeva Yu.G. There is a curious moment here. The bunch of the composition in the titles of the chairline of the 1st rank, the intensity of the 1st rank, the militaryormarity of the 1st rank, the warrior of the 1st rank, the leader of the 1st rank, as they wore three sleepers in the petters until 1940, and remained with three sleepers. In essence, absolutely nothing has changed, because They were previously considered to the stage below the colonel. But if earlier they had so much slept on the buttercasters as the colonel, it was now it turned out that they were all as it were down in rank. There was a lot of offense, up to the fact that many of them have trailed a fourth sleeve. Regimental commissars were pleased, because They now wore four sleepers and they differed from the intrinsicists, engineers, regimental regiments, i.e. Their higher status equal to the regiment commander emphasized. But the battalion commissars were unhappy (especially those who were about to appropriate another title) due to the fact that between their rank and the desired rank of the regimental commissioneranother one was inclined.

Signs of distinction of the Middle and Senior Command Makeup of the NKVD troops from July 1940g:
1. Junior lieutenant. Infantry.
2. PUET. Cavalry.
3. Started lieutenant. Armored parts.
4.Capitan. Infantry.
5. Mode. Infantry.
6. Votelnik. Cavalry.
7.The turn.

At the middle and older boss, with the exception of the military-political composition (3 sleepers, the senior battalion commissar, and 4 sleepers - the regimental commissioner) signs of differences in 1940 changes did not undergo.

From the author. Pay attention to the change in the violating stripes. Now it is golden gallows, cooked on a red cloth chevron. The number and width of the galhanic depend on the title. Major and Lieutenant Colonel have twisted signs of the same.

And yet, these signs can only be called chevron. Chevron translated from French is an "corner". Hence only the stripe in the form of an angle and can be called Chevron. Moreover, it doesn't matter where this strip is attached - on the sleeve, pursuit, headdress or chest. All other signs that do not have an angle form are called simply stripes. Unfortunately, universal blatant illiteracy in uniforms led to the fact that shevrones began to call any violating stripes in the post-state times. Unfortunately, this illiteracy has penetrated into regulatory service documents.

In November 1940, the names of the titles of the younger command and the superior composition of the Red Army and, accordingly, the NKVD troops are changed. These titles in the Red Army were announced by order of NPO No. 391 dated November 2, 1940, and the Troops of the NKVD and the Order of the NKVD of November 5, 1940.

Naturally, the signs of differences are changing.

For the newly introduced title "Efreitor", the difference is familiar with the horizontal strip of red on a coating butter of 1 cm wide, on a gymnaste 5 mm. The same strip on the buttercups also have triangles and all other faces of the younger command and the superior composition.
The foreman additionally received on the buttercups of the gold 3rd. Galunchik, however, in contrast to the middle and older team formulation, this hallchik was placed not instead of the raspberry edge, but between him and the pita field.

Signs of differences and titles of an ordinary and junior command and superior composition:
1.Crasnamers. Infantry troops NKVD.
2.Freaster. Infantry troops NKVD.
3. Climbing sergeant. Infantry troops NKVD.
4. Sergeant. Cavalry of the NKVD troops.
5. Stretched sergeant. Automobile divisions and parts of the NKVD troops. All drivers in all parts of the NKVD troops wore the same emblem
6. Starin. Cavalry of the NKVD troops.

From the author. It is worth focusing on the fact that the word "foreman" always existed in our armed forces in two values \u200b\u200b- a foreman as a military rank, and a foreman as a position (a foreman of the company, a squadron foreman, a foreigner arthdivizion). And the post of foreman of the unit was not necessarily had to occupy a soldier in the rank of the foreman. He could have the title of senior sergeant or sergeant. But the soldier in the rank of the foreman necessarily holds the position of the German company or an equal position (for example, the head of the radio station, the head of the dining room). And even higher. For example, the position of commander of the provision of provision. During the war years in the lack of officers, commander of combat platforms, and even the mouth was often appointed from among the sergeant composition. And usually they were assigned the rank of seniority.

Signs of the ranks of the 1940 titles The military of the NKVD troops were carried up to the introduction of the winter of 1943 of the new shape and the signs of distinction (pursuit).
With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in August 1941 (Order of the NKO USSR No. 253 from 1.8.1941) In the current army, field buttercups were introduced without kant and without halids. Triangles, cubes, sleepers also purchased green. However, in parts that do not relate to the current army were preserved premeditated signs of differences.
Thus, in the NKVD troops on the field marks, differences actually moved only in the Rifle divisions of the NKVD troops, fought at the front on a par with the RKKE divisions.

Distinguish the soldier of the Roshkov Division of the NKVD from the RKKK military serviceman when wearing those and other identical field signs of differences cannot be at all.

Note Veremeeva Yu.G. Here and expands the confusion with the famous infantry emblem (crossed rifles on the background of the target). If in the infantry of the NKVD troops, this emblem was introduced back in 1937 and was mandatory for all, then in the infantry of the Red Army it appeared only in July 1940 (and even as strange way - the order of NPOs about its introduction is unknown, and in the order of NKO №226 July 1940 It is only drawn on the LETERS of the infantry of the Red Army). NKVD troops, in order to emphasize (counting the service in the NKVD more honorable than in the Red Army) that they are from the NKVD system, and not the NGOs, they sought to maintain their emblems even when their Rifle division was output from the subordination of the NKVD and was transmitted to the Red Army .

Part 2.
Organs and internal troops of the NKVD 1935-1937.

Let me remind you that the internal troops over the years have undergone numerous reorganization, renaming, etc.

With the creation immediately after the October coup of 1917, the Council of People's Commissars (SNK) was immediately created as one of the Thirteen People's Commissariats People's Commissariat of the Internal Affairs of the Russian Republic (NKVD).

Then he became called the NKVD RSFSR.

Then, as the union republics, the NKVD of the Union republics were added in parallel and NKVD.

Only in 1934, a single allied drug addict of the internal affairs of the USSR was formed.

So, 06/10/1934 The People's Commissariat of the Internal Affairs of the USSR (NKVD) was formed, which included the former troops of the NEP-GPU-OGPU.

Outfitting employees of the NKVD authorities, border and internal security servicemen remained the same (taken back in 1924): shirt or shirt-french khaki color, blue sharovar, colored caps, cavalry sinel.

Signs of differences in positions (red enamel rhoms, rectangles, squares and triangles) were placed on the buttercups: the grinding with the raspberry edges - for the organs and the troops of the NKVD and the Green - for border guard.

A similar form was worn by employees of other structures included in the NKVD system:
- the main department of correctional labor camps of labor settlements and places of detention (gulag),
- the main department of fire protection (GUPO),
- Administrative and economic management (AhU) and its divisions.

From the author. In that period of the life of the Soviet state, a kind of fashion was formed on wearing military or half-form. All executives, starting from Stalin, wore a semi-long french, foam-"Stalinka", boots. Remember, for example, the film "Volga-Volga".
In addition, many agencies acquired their own uniforms and signs of differences - the police, firefighters, Osoaviahim (predecessor of the DOSAAF), in particular, trade marine and river fleet, civil aviation and even employees of urban electric transport. All these uniforms in one degree or another were based on the Red Army Uniform.

This introduced a certain confusion and confusion, and therefore by the Decree of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) Prize DSP / 95 of September 10, 1935, all organizations, institutions and persons were absolutely forbiddenwe carry out the shape and signs of the difference similar from the Red Army (with the exception of military personnel of the formations of the border and internal protection of the NKVD, compiled by call).

Let me remind you that at this time a very peculiar period of life of the Soviet state begins and the role of the NKVD in the life of the country is significantly increasing.

Note Veremeeva Yu.G. The winged phrase "revolution always devours of their children." The usual stage in the process of revolutionary change of power of any sense (whether the bourgeois, democratic, socialist or Nazi revolution) in any country - those who together stood at the head of the revolutionary forces in the initial period, are beginning to share power now and each of them believes that The head of the country should now stand it. The acute political struggle begins, in which any ways of extrusion, isolation, elimination or destruction (including physical) rivals are in power are started. In addition, in the country, at such a period, quite a lot of those who considered themselves offended posts, and its revolutionary merit is not assessed. Of these, the sovereign heads of the opposition head, while the power of the Opposition turned out to suppress the opposition to use the rule of law (police, police, gendarmerie, state security agencies, SS, etc.). Naturally, this unit is endowed in such a period of special authority.

And they will be in power not Stalin, but Kirov, Trotsky, Bukharin or someone else, nothing would happen otherwise. This is the dialectic of any revolution. So it was both in the bourgeois revolution of the middle of the 17th century in England, so it was both during the revolutions of the end of the 18th century in France, so it was after the arrival of the Nazis to power in 1933. In today's Russia, this stage is still ahead.

Most of those who are scolded by the HCH-GPU-NKVD, consider and try to convince all that the actions of the staff of these bodies in the thirties were a manifestation of personal malice, personal negative qualities, or that church - the desire of the "authorities" at the head of the state, to Under the party (so claimed by N.S. Khrushchev).
However, in reality "organs" were just a tool for the internecine struggle of the tops of the party and state leadership. For example, an ax may also be in the hands of a carpenter and in the hands of a killer. But the ax - he is an ax, he remains just a tool in all cases.

People's Commissar of God felt the "taste of power" and, apparently, decided to allocate his employees with new uniforms and differences signs. The NKVD leadership immediately developed rapid activities about the introduction of new uniforms. People's Commissar in letters I.V. Stalina put forward a lot of uniform projects and signs of differences.

October 4, 1935 Politburo approved projects of new uniforms. The form for organs and the Troops of the NKVD was decided to make a uniform, and not so diverse as a berry offered.

11/27/1935 Order No. 399 for the NKVD troops announced a new form of clothing and signs of differences in the personnel of internal protection.

Due to the low features of the sewing industry, the country was impossible in a short time to move into a new uniformity of all employees of units, organs and parts of the NKVD troops. Therefore, it was not allowed to put one-time socks with new signs to the expiration of socks with new signs to the expiration of socks with new differences and ledgers to 1.10.1935) (Politburo's decision of November 29, 1935) was allowed to keep socks with new signs with new samples: - shirt with edging, respectively, assigned rank; - Cloak without edging; - Shinel without edging.

The timing of the transition to the wearing of new signs of differences and loovers was determined: for natching the organs and troops - as the special and military ranks are assigned, and for an ordinary and junior natch service of the NKVD troops - from 1.III.1936.

Outfit By order No. 399 of 11/27/1935.

1. Headwear:
a) The main headdress of the organs and troops of the NKVD was the booster of the Red Army of 1935. The cap seated from the woolen fabric of traditional for the NKVD colors: - Tula of the corpuscular color and the crap - for the internal troops; At the top of the incolment and Tuli on all types of caps, raspberry kant were stacked. The cap had a slightly advanced black fiber lacquered visor, over two small shaped buttons attached the same lacquered black sliding selection belt. The highest, the eldest and middle natch service wore a cap all year round, and a private and junior notable - only in the summer. Summerly out of installation, with a white form of clothing, it could wear a white cap with a white tissue visor and a selection belt.
b) Woolen khaki color was installed for wearing in the field to wear the land parts of the NKVD troops. The Troops of the NKVD troops were assigned a woolen pylon of dark blue, which was rumped along with a cap with a dark blue fries or a shirt. The ordinary composition of all kinds of troops wore a cotton cap color of the khaki when walking out clothes. In the seams of the cap and sides of all the pilots of the Nachsostav, raspberry kants were sewn, and a closed five-pointed star from the instrument cloth with a diameter of 3 cm was seamed on the front seam.
c) For military personnel of the NKVD troops, undergoing service in areas with a hot climate, a cotton chak color helmet with a five-pointed star from dashboard with a diameter of 7.5 cm is introduced.
d) as a winter head remove introduced
* Noblovayu: The hat-shape made of gray or brown fur, with top (cap) from a dark gray wool fabric - washed only with a coat with a fastened fur collar.
* Private Makeup: Winter helmet - "Budenovka" from a dark gray semigrupt cloth with a five-pointed star from instrument cloth with a diameter of 8 cm in front of the cap.

Dashboard:
- crap - for internal security and air services;
- Light green - for border guard.

On the loudshair of caps and on top of the cloth stars on the helmets there was a red enamel five-pointed redarmeysk star of the established sample, a diameter of 3.4 cm with gilded exterior edges and a sickle and a hammer in her center. On the pilot on the orders, only the drone stars were worn.

2. Outerwear.

Instead of accepted in the Red Army, the NKVD bodies (except) of the NKVD organs and troops were introduced as the outerwear, a double-breasted coat "Raglan" from dark gray wool tissue, on 4 large shaped buttons, with a postponed collar. In winter, a fur lining and a collar on the collar of fur hatched shapes was spurred to the coat. The collar of the coat of the highest natch of the NKVD troops edged with raspberry cloth.

Note: In addition to the upper clothes, installed orders, the room was allowed to wear out of the circuit, coat and jackets made of black or dark brown, with signs of differences and without them.

In the photo: Left Major NKVD troops in a coat-raincar with a fur collar and hat-fincke. Difference signs are located on the sleeve. On the right colonel of the NKVD troops in the coat. (reconstruction).

For uniforms of the natch, metal buttons of a special species without a side, with a convex image of a direct five-pointed star with a sickle and hammer, diameter: small-17 mm and large-28 mm; For the highest room, golden; For senior and medium - silver; For the upper clothes of the entire room, oxided, dark gray. Often, ordinary army buttons were also used. Buttons of an ordinary and younger room - an existing Red Army sample, black

An ordinary composition, as well as the younger team and the superior composition, was left the former single-breasted sample sample of the RKKE from the semi-pipe gray-cooler cloth, with a hook clasp.

3. Form of clothing.

The form of clothing of the internal troops of the NKVD was the following items:
a) for middle, senior and higher room:
- a cloth gymnaster of dark protective color with two breastpid patch;
-Conneous dark blue balls with raspberry kants;
- Summer gymnaster made of light cotton fabric protective color with two breast paddling pockets;
- Summer sharovars made of light cotton fabric protective color, without kant;
b) for the younger room and ordinary composition:
-Gimnaster of light cotton tissue protective color with two breast padding pockets;
-Sames of light cotton fabric protective color, without kant;

4. Equipment.

For the room, an army equipment of a single sample from brown leather with white metal fittings has been installed. For carrying weapons on the belt belt on the right side, holster was put on. With a tuber, a suspended holster was rushed, attached by trainers to the belt belt. The ordinary composition and the younger room wore a belt belt brown or natural, with a metal one-shock buckle.

In the drawings: on the left Captain of the internal troops of the NKVD, on the right of the Red Armyman of the NKVD internal troops.

For the room service and institutions of the NKVD troops with bried troops, crags with chrome shoes made of black or dark brown leather, or black chrome boots, for the Komostava building parts and schools - black chromium or talny boots, and out of installation - Crague boots . With pants at an outline (out of construction), the entire notable wore chrome shoes or low shoes from black or brown skin. An ordinary composition and the youngest room was assigned to wearing a yoke shoe with windings or a cathot of black.

From the author. We would like to once again emphasize that this article describes the form of clothing and signs of differences only by the internal troops of the NKVD, which are not related to the protection of the prison (GULAG), or the relationship of the relations of the relationship. The main tasks of the internal troops were the protection of important government facilities and the military support of the internal integrity and security of the state. Of course, since the internal troops belonged to the NKVD system, their form and signs of differences were very similar to the form and signs of the differences in other NKVD structures.
Similar, but no more.
In addition, the rankings of the internal troops almost coincided with the titles adopted in the Red Army, while the titles in the state security, the protection of places of detention and the police differed quite significantly.

Signs of differences in the internal troops of the NKVD.

On March 1, 1936, the signs of the differences of a completely new sample were introduced, sharply different from previously existing, as well as the signs of the difference in the Red Army. And no longer according to positions, but for personal titles.

They existed relatively long - from 1.III.1936 to 1937, so little-known.

Signs of differences were a combination of petrolery signs of distinction and disturbing stars.

From the author. In the Soviet state of the star as the main signs, the differences first appeared in the NKVD (on the petters) signs of the same difference in the military ranks of the Red Army at that time there were geometric shapes - "Roma", "sleepers", "Kubari", "triangles". We will see the stars in the Red Army, and then only on the lets of the top command of the Red Army with the introduction of general ranks in 1940. And only in 43 they will appear on the epaunts of Officers of the Red Army.

I would like to remind you that at the time in the internal troops (as in the Red Army), the command and the commanding staff shared on:
1. Command structure,
2. The Starting Composition:
a) - military-political composition,
b) - Military and administrative composition
c) - Military-technical composition
d) - military medical composition,
e) - military-veterinary composition,
e) - Military legal composition.

Once again from the author. Inside the NKVD system, several ranks existed in parallel:
* Scale titles internal troops NKVD,
* Saving officers of state security staff
* Militia rank scale,
* scale signs of difference in employee positions and conclusion locations,
* Scale of the ranks of fire security staff.

And the signs differences were often very similar, differing only by the color of the loop and the signs of difference. At the black and white photos of that time, it is sometimes impossible to determine who this is a soldier, an employee of GB or Police organs.

On the picture on the right (reconstruction) colonel of the internal troops of the NKVD. Note that three stars in the loovers, but without golden triangles in the lower part of the looper also wore the captain of the state security. However, it does not follow that Captain GB is equal to the colonel of explosives. Too different these scales even by the number of ranks.

First, let's deal with the difference between special and militarytitles.

So, "employees" referred to persons with special titles, "servicemen" - Having military ranks.

Think about the name. What is an "employee" (the concept of the concept is an employee) and how does it differ from the serviceman?
Employee This is a person who comes on his own request to work in any institution, including the NKVD bodies, and in its own desire is fired. It applies to the provisions of the Code of Labor Laws, but does not apply to the provisions of military legislation.
Serviceman, Whatever he did not enter the military service (by call or voluntarily), it is obliged to serve the period established by law on the positions and in areas where he was sent. Refuse to fulfill the duties and quit at wisdom it is not right. Its service is regulated exclusively by military legislation.

Here is this principal difference and imposes a certain imprint on the performance of official duties.

The internal troops of the NKVD is a purely military organization (just military units can be said, only subordinates not to the addict of defense, but the addict of internal affairs), while the NKVD authorities are a semi-visa organization. Discipline, the execution and order in the military organization is many times higher than in the semi-industrial. In the internal troops serve, and in the organs work.

In the NKVD system of that time (and now in the Ministry of Internal Affairs) there were both military and special titles.

Everyone who served in the internal troops was considered and considered to be military personnel and have army military ranks. When dismissing from the service, they are taking into account in the Rivot Committee on a par with army soldiers and their titles are taken into account as well as the title of military personnel of MO.

But all the rest who served in the "bodies" (state security, militia, firefighters, various kinds of business students) were assigned special titles - with the prefix "State Security", "Militia", "Internal Service". For example - Lieutenant of the State Security, Captain of Militia, Major of the Inner Service.

Special titles to military titles are not equal at all. And although many of them wear an army uniform, in fact, none of the army, nor to the troops of the NKVD (MIA) have nothing to do. Let's say, the current Minister of the Interior of Nurgaliyev goes in the form of the army general, although neither in the army, nor in the internal troops serves.

For example, a person served in the army, fired to the reserve in the rank of "Efreitor", after that he went to work in the Ministry of Internal Affairs to the administrative and economic bodies. He was assigned a special title, he works many years, gets promotion and eventually dismissed in the special rank of "Colonel of the Internal Service".
So, upon arrival in Railoenkomat, it will be recorded as a corporal record for military registration, and not as a colonel, since his military (military) rank of the corporal. A special title for the military registration and enlistment office does not matter.

Another example. The officer served under the contract, quit from the army, enters the police (police). In the police, he unconditionally in the order of retests assign a special title of police (police), corresponding to his military rank (i.e. confirm).
But on the contrary it will not work.
Suppose that the lieutenant from the explosives quit from the troops, went to work in the police, served before the police major and then decided to return again to the internal troops. He can be taken to serve only lieutenant.

So since Peter I in the Russian state, military ranks are dominant.

Military titles for the military personnel of the internal protection of the NKVD of the USSR (internal troops) were introduced by the Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars No. 2250 dated October 7, 1935 and declared by order of the People's Commissar of the Interior No. 319 of October 10, 1935.

Command structure:

	Military rank
An ordinary composition	Krasnoarmets
Junior Command and Study Composition	Separated commander
	Junior Comvisavoda
	Stornish
Candidate for the title
Middle team composition	Lieutenant
Middle team composition	Senior lieutenant
Senior teamwork	Captain
	Major
	Colonel
Supreme Command Team	Combrig
	Comda
	Commerce

Military political composition:

Military and administrative composition:

	Military rank
Middle Military and Administrative Composition	Independent 2 rank
Middle Military and Administrative Composition	Intension technician 1 rank
Senior Military and Administrative Composition	Intendant 3 rank
	Intendant 2 rank
	Intendant 1 rank
Higher Military and Administrative Composition	Brigintandant
Higher Military and Administrative Composition	Divintendant

Military-technical composition:

	Military rank
Middle Military Composition	Voinchnik 2 rank
Middle Military Composition	Voinchnik 1 rank
Senior Military Composition	Milifornizer 3 rank
	Milifornizer 2 rank
	Milnagerger 1 rank
Higher Military	Briginener
Higher Military	Divineger

Military medical composition:

Military veterinary composition:

Military Legal:

	Military rank
Middle Military Legal	Junior warrior
Middle Military Legal	Malerist
Senior Military Legal	Moorrister 3 rank
	Vagerur 2 rank
	Vagerur 1 rank
Higher Military Legal	Brigvoienuristic
Higher Military Legal	Diviewyurist

Signs of differences in the military ranks served as the stars of various colors in the buttercasters and twisted signs.

Let's start with twisted signs.

In the picture: From left to right: the violating signs of the Middle Komostava, the Senior Commendent, the highest commercial, military-political composition.

The middle command composition was carried on both sleeves over a grind (above the cuff) two or three so-called. "truncated triangle" embroidered with red silk thread depending on the title.

The senior team composition was wary on both sleeves over the overall (over the cuff), red stars embroidered with red silk with a silver edging number in the rank (how many stars in the butters, so much on the sleeves).

The highest command composition was wary on both sleeves over a walker (over the cuff), red stars embroidered with red silk with a golden edging number in rank (how many stars in the loops, so much on the sleeves) ..

The military-political composition on both sleeves over the overall (over the cuff) wore one star regardless of the title. These stars were completely similar to the stars of the RKKA politzostav, i.e. Red star with golden sickle and hammer inside it.

Military and administrative, military-technical, military medical, military-veterinary and the military-legal composition did not have vague signs.

The main means of distinguishing the ranks of the internal troops (internal protection) of the NKVD were the loovers.

The LETERS OBR.1935 was a closure valves in the form of a parallelogram, 10 cm long and 3.3 cm wide.
The colors of the loop remained traditional - the crap. The buttercups were trimmed with a raspberry edge of 0.25 cm wide.

Along the middle part of the field on the buttercups, a longitudinal strip was laid (lumen) from a scent cord with a width of 0.3-0.35 cm:
- Golden color - for the highest room;
- silver color - for senior and middle room;
- Raspberry - for an ordinary and younger room.

At the front of the neo-soldered edge of the loovers were housed:
* Command composition equilateral triangles (side 3 cm): Golden (Galuine or Metal)
* Military and administrative composition of dark blue (tissue or metal enameled)

On the pettics of the military-political, military medical, military-veterinary, military-technical and military-legal composition of the Troops of the NKVD of the USSR, the wearing triangles was not established.

The head of the composition (military-technical, military medical, military-veterinary, military-legal) specialized services of the NKVD troops at the edged edge of the looped, according to the specialty, was emblems from white or yellow metal, which were located as from the RKKK specialists .. And before the introduction In 1936, the Emblems of the Red Army of the Red Army of the Red Army (Order No. 33 Order No. 33 of 10.3.1936) were used. 1922 (Order of RVSR No. 322 from 31.1. 1922).

In the picture on the left:
1-major internal troops,
2-rank 2-intensity,
3-chairline 2 rank,
4-battalion commissar (on the sleeve of a political worker star),
5-march 2 rank,
6-period of 2 rank.

Signs Differences on the titles:

* Private and junior team and the commanding composition - metal red enamel squares with silver-planted sides, who had shape of Chevron. The squares were placed on the lets in one row on the longitudinal strip of the vertex to the uncompressed end of the loop. The top of the inner angle of the first square was located at a distance of 4 cm from the edged end of the loop, the distance between the squares of 0.3 cm. The squares had a height of 2.6 cm, the width of the side sections of 0.7 cm. The side length was 1.6 cm, and the width of the plane Enamel 0.4 cm. Red Army wore clean buttercups with a longitudinal strip, without signs of difference.

Neither the emblems nor the signs of the insignia of the team and military-economic composition of the Red Army and the younger commanders in the loovers did not wear.

1-senior
2 junior comvorvda,
3-separated commander
4-Red Army.

"Candidate of the title" - it was an intermediate stage between the junior and middle team.

This title existed in the internal troops of the NKVD very not for long. Already in April, the 37th order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 169 dated 21.04.1937, it was abolished as unnecessary.

In the picture on the left: signs of the difference in the candidate for the title.

From the author. Actually, any title should relate to a certain position or a group of approximately equal posts and a normal practice when a soldier who has a certain title is raised in office, and then, making sure that he is able to execute new responsibilities for itself, assign another rank. And the titress of a candidate for the title (which in itself is tautology) means that a person is no longer a foreman, but not an officer (I will allow myself for simplicity to express a modern concept for simplicity). And what to do if we decided that the candidate is not enough to assign an officer's title. The senior is simply - returned to the Starshin position and that's it. And what about the candidate? His title is above Starshinsky, but he cannot be an officer.
Obviously, this duality of the situation and prompted the authorities to abandon this title.

* The middle team and the commanding composition - wearing metal red enamel so-called. "Truncated
triangles "with silver-standing sides.

1-lieutenant,
2-senior lieutenant
3-political officer (on the sleeve of a political worker star),
4-technician-intenntener 2 rank,
5-chart-internal internal rank,
6-centuries 2 rank,
7-period of grade 1,
8-paramedle holder 2 rank,
9-Voorfeldsher 1 rank.

It should be noted that if the doctors wore their emblems, which were defined back in 1922 and did not change by 1935, the emblems of veterinarians and technicians here are shown here in 1936. There is no complete clarity, which emblems the bunch of 1935 in the looping of 1935, and wore them in general. It should also be noted that until July 1940, the military-political composition in the buttercups did not wear any emblems at all. As in the NKVD, and in the Red Army, they allocated themselves with commissars on the sleeves.

* Senior team and the reigning composition wore silver lumets and metallic silver sprockets with a diameter of 13 mm.

1 - Colonel,
2-major,
3-captain,
4-Regiment Commissioner,
5-battalion commissar,
6-senior political
7-rank 7-intensity,
8-intensified 2 rank,
9-intennant 3 rank,
10- Miliferger 1 rank,
11-chairline 2 rank,
12-chairline 2 rank,
13-Voigar 1 rank,
14-warwater 2 rank,
15-crowders 3 rank.

Note. Persons who have higher education and entering military service in the RKKA or the internal troops of the NKVD as a boss (but only the superior!) Composition immediately receive the title of senior boss, bypassing all the downstream titles. Those. Yunosha, who finished the medical institute, immediately receives the title of militaryormality 3 rank, the young man, who finished the technical university - a militarinener 3 rank. Graduate of the Institute of National Economy - Intensudent 3 rank.

* The highest team and the commanding composition wore golden lumens and metal golden stars with a diameter of 13 mm in the buttercups.

The highest title in the internal troops of the NKVD was established "Commander of the 2nd Rank". However, it was never assigned to anyone and remained purely nominal. In the picture on the right signs of the distinguisure of the commander of the 2nd rank.

1-Comkor,
2-comdive,
3-Combrigs
4-corpped commissioner,
5-Division Commissioner,
6-brigad commissar,
7-Divintendant,
8-Brigintandant,
9-divinener,
10-Briginener,
11-Divographer
12-Brigwatvrach.

I repeat that these signs differences existed in the internal security very long - from October 1935 to July 1937. Many military servicemen did not have time to even wear them, because the differences were not simultaneously on new signs, but as the ranks assign. And it was not a mechanical process. Each military personality is a question of assigning a particular title individually in the order of certification. And the younger room at all moved to new signs of differences only in March 1936.

At the same time, I considered it necessary to describe these signs in detail in detail, so that the reader did not get into a dead end, seeing a photo with strange, very rarely encountered butters. With the same purpose, as well as for the reader to see the differences in signs, in the applications I give signs the differences in the personnel of the NKVD bodies and the GULD NKVD

Sources and literature

1. Magazine "Tseykhgauz" No. 1 - 1991.
2. Materials of the Central Museum of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR
3. M.I.Sheterbak. "Your military form". The main politicization of explosives. Moscow.1986.
4. J.ruttkiewicz, W.N.Kulikow. Wojska NKWD 1917-1945, Barwa I Broh, Lampart, Warszawa 1998.
5. V.Voronov, A. Shishkin "NKVD of the USSR: Structure, Managing Composition, Clothing Form, Signs Differences 1934-1937" - Moscow. LLC Publishing House "Russian Intellite". 2005
6.L.Tokar. History of the Russian uniform costume. Soviet militia 1918-1991. Exclusive. St. Petersburg. 1995

In January 1943, the presidium of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the introduction of new signs of the difference in the Red Army in the Red Army. As Decree determined, the shoulders were intended to determine the military rank and the belonging of a serviceman to one or another family of troops. It should be noted that the form of the Red Army's clothing itself was changed at the same time.

Naturally, the form of the NKVD troops was changed, which was different from the form of the Red Army, only the colors of the loop and caps (I mean not a field shape that did not differ in any way).

From January 1942, a radical, although the gradual change in the ranks of the chief composition begins. The names of the titles of the middle, older and highest composition are becoming the same with the ranks of the command formulation, but with the prefix pointing to the generator service (for example, Major Engineer, Lieutenant Technician, Major General Engineering Service, Colonel of Medical Service, and t. P.) .

Accordingly, the signs of differences on the shafts in all services were unified, and it became possible to clearly define and compare the official position of military personnel of various types of service.
The title "Captain" moves to the category of junior officers.
The word "officer" is officially introduced.

On January 15, 1943, the drug defense addresses order No. 25, which concrete the shape, colors, sizes of the shoulder, signs of differences on the shoulder.

Order of the NKVD No. 126 of February 18, 1943, the order of the Commissar of Defense No. 25 dated January 15, 1943 was duplicated. Shores are now introduced into the NKVD.

The system of distinguishing titles through the pursuit was borrowed from the army of pre-revolutionary Russia. Dimensions, shape of the pursuit largely repeated the shoulder straps of the royal army, but the number and size of stars, the colors of the stripes were different, and they denoted other titles.

At the same time, the influence of the immentation system of the Wehrmacht (Color Kants, according to the birth of troops around the pursuit of an ordinary and sergeant composition).

The color of edges and lumen for officers of the internal troops and state security officers was installed single - cornflower.

But in order to possibly be distinguished by the NKVD troops from the NKVD and state security officers - as before, it was prescribed to all the NKVD troops to wear the Emblems of the Childbirth Emblems. Employees of the state security did not wear any emblems.

All twisted stripes are completely canceled, including a vigorous state security mark.

On the new form of the buttercups loss their functional purpose (distinction of titles) and become mainly a decorative element and only partially indicate the service position of the serviceman.

On the joints, the former loops of the diamond form, which covered the entire corner of the collar, were replaced by the buttercups in the form of a parallelogram. The size of the loop was the same as in the Red Army. On the casual overcoats, the buttercups for internal troops have a field of crap color with cornflower. In the upper part of the loop, a golden button is placed. On the field buttercups, the field of protective color, a cannon cant.

On the front uniforms in the internal troops of the buttercups of the crap-colored without Kant. Here, in addition to the decorative role, indicate the category of servicemen.
The Red Army lathers are clean, the sergeants have a longitudinal stripe from the Yellow Bason (team composition) or white (the commanding composition). The younger officers have one embroidered gold and silver thread, the senior officers two.

The parade uniform of soldiers and sergeants of the Troops of the NKVD is not a single-breasted, as in the Red Army, but two-breasted. In addition, trousers to the front uniform blue, like the officers, but without kanta (in the Red Army, the paraded pants are for the colors as the uniform).

The same order determines that two types of pursuit are introduced for an ordinary and sergeant composition - casual and fields. Casual shoulder straps are intended for the front-end shape and everyday field form if it is used as everyday. Field straps are designed for everyday field shape if it is used as field.

Field Shoulder Soldiers and Sergeants Internal troops were made of khaki cloth with corns of cornflower. No emblems and numbers of regiments did not relieve. Stripes on the titles of silk bouses (braids) for the colors of Bordeaux; For non-frozen, technical, medical, veterinary, intenntenant-brown.
Field straps of an ordinary and younger team and the superior composition are pentagonal, had a length of 14-16 cm., And 6 cm wide colors.

1-Red Army; 2-efreator; 3-foam sergeant; 4-Sergeant, 5-senior sergeant (the boss), 6 - a foreman.

Casual epaulets of soldiers and sergeants of internal troops. They are made of cluster closures with corns of cornflower. The number of the shelf is applied on the paint on the stencil (which is not fulfilled everywhere).
Emblems for the birth of troops are placed in the middle of the pursuit.
All emblems Metal golden color (but the emblems of the veterinary service of silver).
To distinguish between the titles on the epaulets in the upper part of them there are transverse stripes. These stripes are three sizes; A narrow width of 1 cm., Wide 3 cm wide. And for the longitudinal stripes of elders width 1.5 cm.
The color of the stripes is yellow for the command composition and grayish-white for sergeants of the technical composition, the rear composition, medical and veterinary services and the unwashed lineup.
Stripes are made by the factory method made of silk saxes (braids).
The cadets of team schools of internal troops have a trim in three sides of the pursuit of Golden Galun, and the cadets of the only rear school - from Silver Galun.

1-Red Army (rifle parts); 2-efreitor (artillery); 3 junior sergeant (car vehicles), 4-sergeant (cavalry); 5-senior sergeant (rifle parts); 6-senior (automotive parts and divisions); 7 cadet.

Shoulder straps are attached to the gymnaster with the help of longitudinal straps, sewn at the bottom of the shoulder, and passing along the reverse side of the shoulder and traded into the transverse stripes on the shoulder of the gymnasters and fastened to the button, sewn in the collar. The upper end of the pursuit is fastened to the same button. There were also combined daily field straps, which on the one hand were wilderness, and on the other - everyday. If necessary, the shoulder simply turned over the required side up.

Field straps for medium and senior command and supervisory (younger and senior officers) are pentagonal, had a length of 14-16 cm., And the width is 6 cm. Color edging. Pulp is a corn.
Shoulders of physicians and warrens were somewhat already - 4 cm.
Signs of differences in titles in the form of five-pointed asterisks in size (diameter of the circle) - 13 mm for junior officers and 20 mm for senior officers.
Color of stars for team members officers - silver, for the officers of the commanding composition - golden.
The color of the leverage for the command composition is a cornflower, for officers of the superior composition - brown. The width of the lumen is 5 mm.
All emblems are metallic golden color and are located 10 mm below the buttons. Green buttons. Field straps were intended for wearing on the summer and winter field form.

1-colonel (cavalry parts of the NKVD)),
2-lieutenant colonel (armored parts of the NKVD),
3-Major (Rifle parts of the NKVD),
4-colonel (technical service of the NKVD),
5-captain (Rifle parts of the NKVD).
6-senior lieutenant (cavalry parts of the NKVD).
7-lieutenant (artillery of the NKVD).
8-junior lieutenant (armored parts of the NKVD).
9-Lieutenant (Technical Service of the NKVD).

Field straps were intended for wearing on the summer and winter field form.

Casual straps for medium and senior command and superior composition (The younger and senior officers) had the same dimensions as the field, but they were trimmed with the lumen woven in them. They were worn on the parade form.
For command formulation, Galun Golden, asterisks and silver emblems.
For the superior composition, Galun Silver, Golden emblems and asterisks.

Buttons have all copper or brass yellow. Employments on everyday pursuit of all officers of the internal troops of cornflower, like the edging of the pursuit.

Command epaulets:

1-colonel (rifle units of the NKVD)),
2-lieutenant colonel (cavalry parts of the NKVD),
3-major (armored parts of the NKVD),
4-captain (cavalry parts of the NKVD).
5-senior lieutenant (armored parts of the NKVD).
6-lieutenant (cavalry of the NKVD).
8-junior lieutenant (Rifle units of the NKVD).

Note. The same epaulets were also carried in the NKVD bodies (state security officers, internal service officers). But there the epaulets were worn without any emblems. But in the BB of the NKVD, the emblems were mandatory.

Note Veremeeva Yu.G. In general, where did this name come from "lumets", which are called longitudinal narrow strips on officer's chains?
The thing is that in 1854, when they were introduced for officers, gantile shoulders were decided that the pursuit itself remains the same as the lower ranks, but they are spread along two broad so-called. "Nutritional" Galun with one interval between them. It turns out the pursuit of the Ober officer. To the pursuit of the pursuit of the asterisks, respectively, the rank of officer. At this interval, the pursuit field is visible. Hence the term "clearance".
In order to get the pursuit of the officer's headquarters, one wide galun (spoil) and two narrow galoon (so-called "headquarters of the officer Galuna) were turned on his pursuit. It turned out two gaps - the lumen.
On the shafts of the hiking form, this clearance was denoted by a narrow dark orange ribbon. With timethe factory began to make a galloon, which combined the former revenue and headquarters of the officers and lumeks.

When officer golden epaulets began to produce in 1943, then Galun fabrics width equal to the width of the pursuit without Kant. The colored narrow strip (one for the galoon of junior officers, two for the older) was woven into the galloon himself, making up one whole with him, but the term "clearance" remained.

Epauishes of the superior composition (examples):
1-engineer Colonel,
2-lieutenant internal service,
3-lieutenant medical service.

The officers of the veterinary service emblem silver.

By the way, in 1943 there are Galuns of the officer's challenge with different drawings of weave. Obviously, the pursuit of the pursuit of the tsarist army was taken as the basis (in which there were over 20 different Galun drawings), various factories produced a galun with different drawings, walked the process of searching for a single figure of Galun, which ended only by 1955.

I would like to draw the attention of uniform lovers for another two not very noticeable, but very significant details.
The first is the location of the stars on the shoulder of the Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel. Stars are located not on the lumen, but shifted to the edge of the pursuit. Approximately so worn stars on the pursuit of the royal army, having them on the sides of the encryption. But the point is that in the royal army, all the stars were the same size - 11 mm (1/4 of the top), and they were beautifully placed between the lumen and the edge of the pursuit. And the stars of the 1943 sample in the senior size officers were significantly more - 20 mm, and when placed between the lumen and edge of the pursuit, the sharp ends of the stars often went over the edge of the pursuit and clung to anything - for example, for the lining of the overcoat.
These stars will shumely shumely only in about 1947. Apparently, the displacement of the stars on the lumens was first in many ways spontaneous, and was subsequently standardized.

And the second - emblems up to the beginning of the sixties were made from brass and, accordingly, either golden or silver. Since the beginning of the sixties, they began to make it from a white metal, which is anodized to give a golden color (if necessary).

All straps were mounted on an outfit using a longitudinal loop, brought from the reverse side of the pursuit. These epaulets were designed to wear on everyday and frontal shapes of clothing.

Shores of generals of internal troops.

Unlike the army, the generals in the internal troops were a bit. During the Great Patriotic War, even the commander of the internal troops of the NKVD did not rise in the ranks higher than the "Major General":
- A.I. Gulev (1941-1942)
- I.S. Schereg (1942-1944).

And only A.N. Aapollons, who commanded explosives in 1944-1946, was accustomed to the title of "Colonel-General".
Shareeons of GB generals differed from army generals only the color of the edging shawn (cornflower color), adopted at the time in the internal troops.

Shores are known only everyday. There are no information about field straps for generals of internal troops.

In the picture on the left:
1.General-major internal troops.
2. Genuine lieutenant internal troops.
3. Genuine-Colonel internal troops.

In subsequent years, the shape and signs of the difference in the internal troops were more and more approaching the army.
In 1955, the soldiers and sergeants of the Soviet Army, the soldiers and sergeants of the Soviet Army, leave the soldiers and sergeants and the pursuit of soldiers and sergeants.

In 1970, with the introduction of a new form in the Soviet Army, a similar is accepted for internal troops. Vasil color finally and completely leaves with objects of form and signs of distinction of explosives. It remains the basic color of the KGB servicemen. This department already at the beginning of the fifties is completely separated from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and becomes completely independent.

From this time, it is possible to distinguish an explosion officer from the army only on the crap color of the lumen on the chains, and the same grinding color of the loover, Kants on the outfit, and the soldiers and sergeants on the crap color shoulder column and the letters of explosives on the pursuit.

From the author. It is possible to distinguish the grip color from the Red Army, only a person is thinly distinguishing colors and shades, or when an officer of the explosive and army (motorized stresses) are standing nearby. This in the seventies, in the seventies, among the civilian population, it often generated the erroneous opinion that all the "Krasnopanniki" is the internal troops, and the "Chernogenic Runners" is the Soviet Army. Moreover, the red epaulets in the Sa wore motorinsulas, and most of the army (tankers, artilleryrs, rackets, engineers, chemists, telecommunications, ...) worn black epaulets.

Sources and literature

Read also

Ministry of Defense of the SSR Union Rules for wearing military uniforms of clothing by military personnel of the Soviet Army and Navy Order of the USSR Defense Minister 250 Section I. Basic provisions Section II. Shape of clothing of military personnel of the Soviet Army. Chapter 1. Shape of Marshals and Generals of the Soviet Army Chapter 2. Form of Officers' clothing, ensigns and military personnel of the superior service of the Soviet Army Chapter 3. Clothing Form

Ministry of Defense of the SSR Union Rules for wearing military uniforms of clothing by military personnel of the Soviet Army and Navy Order of the USSR Defense Minister 250 Section I. Basic provisions Section II. Shape of clothing of military personnel of the Soviet Army. Chapter 1. Form of Marshals of the Soviet Union, the generals of the army of marshals of the birth of troops and generals of the Soviet Army Chapter 2. The form of clothing officers, ensigns and military personnel

Ministry of Defense of the SSR Union Rules for wearing military uniforms of clothing by military personnel of the Soviet Army and Navy Order of the USSR Defense Minister 191 Section I. General Regulations Section II. Military shape of clothing Chapter 1. Marshals of the Marshals of the Soviet Union, Marshals of the Childbies of Troops and Generals of the Soviet Army Chapter 2. Form of the clothing of officers and sergeants of the superior service of the Soviet Army Chapter 3. Form of Women's Officers

Ministry of Defense of the SSR Union Rules for wearing military uniforms of clothing by military personnel of the Soviet Army and the Navy for Peace Time I. General provisions II. Military clothing form Marshals of the Marshals of the Soviet Union, marshals of childbirth troops and generals of the Soviet Army Form of clothing admirals and generals of the Navy Clothing of Officers of the Soviet Army Form of Clothing of Women's Officers of the Soviet Army

USSR Ministry of Defense Rules for wearing military uniforms of clothing by sergeants, elders, soldiers, sailors, cadets and pupils of the Soviet Army and Navy for peacetime, order of the USSR Defense Minister. General. Form of clothing sergeants of superior service. Form of sergeants of urgent service and soldiers of superior and urgent service. Shape of clothing of cadets of military schools. Clothing form of pupils Suvorov

The USSR Ministry of Defense Rules for wearing the military form of the Marshals of the Soviet Union, the Admirals of the Fleet of the Soviet Union, Marshal, Generals, Admirals and Officers of the Soviet Army and the Navy for peacetime, order of the USSR Defense Minister. General. Marshals of the Marshals of the Soviet Union, Marshals of childbirth troops and generals of ground troops Marshal clothing form and generals of the air force

Naval Ministry of the SSR Union Rules for carrying out the fleet form of clothing, orders and medals by military personnel of the naval forces. Naval Publishing House of the Naval Ministry of the SSR Union. Moscow-1952 Order of the Naval Minister of the SSR CHAPTER I General Provisions Chapter II Types of Fleet Forms of Clothing and its Application CHAPTER III ON WEETING OF THE FILT Forms Clothing Chapter IV Wearing Sportswear and Staff

Continuity and innovation in modern military heraldry the first official military heraldic sign is established on January 27, 1997 by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of the Emblem of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the form of a golden double-headed eagle with open wings holding a sword in the paws, as the most common symbol of the Armed Defense of the Fatherland, And the wreath is a symbol of special importance, significance and honors of maturity. This emblem was established to designate belonging

The military form of the Soviet army objects of uniforms and equipment of the Soviet Army of the previously called the working and peasant Red Army and the Red Army, as well as the rules of their wearing from 1918 to 1991, established by the highest government bodies for the personnel of the Soviet Army. Article 1. The right to wearing military uniforms of clothing have servicemen who are held on the actual military service in the Soviet Army and the Navy, Suvorovtsy,

The military form of clothing, including all objects of uniforms, equipment, signs of differences established by the highest government bodies for the personnel of the state's armed forces not only allows for the identity of military personnel to the species and childbirth of the troops, but also distinguish them on military ranks. The form disciplines the servicemen, splits them into a single military team, contributes to the increase in their organization and the rigorous fulfillment of the duties of the military

Oleg Volkov, Senior Lieutenant Stocks, Former Tank Commander T-55, We have waited for it for so long. Three many years. Waited from that very minute when they changed their civilian clothes on soldier uniforms. All this time, she came to us in dreams, in breaks between the exercises, shooting on landfills, the study of matchasts, outfits, construction preparation and other numerous army duties. We are Russian, Tatars, Bashkirs, Uzbeks, Moldovans, Ukrainians,

1. Ranger hiking equipment fighter - Arrow Infantry Hiking gear Fig.5-9 Fighter - The infantry arrow is divided into a full hiking equipment when all the equipment is taken, including a setting and a storming, when the setting is taken out of wearable Reserves are not taken. Assembly and fit of the assault equipment on the belt belt Pasta in order of sequence the following items,

Instructions for fitting, assembling and savings of single hiking equipment Nachsostav RKKA Order of the Russian RVS of the USSR 183 1932 1. General provisions 1. The uniform equipment of the Nachs station of the land and air-air forces of the RKKKA enters the supply and one size designed for the greatest growth of the host and sock on top Shinels and warm overalls leather wear, fur clothing B with waist and shoulder straps of three sizes 1

Main Intendant Park Office Instructions for laying, fitting, assembling and putting on hiking geep fighters of the infantry fighter of the Red Army militant NKO USSR - 1941 Table of contents I. General provisions II. Types of equipment and composition Kit III. Fitting Equipment IV. Laying equipment V. Manufacture of a bus rod VI. Assembling equipment VII. The procedure for managing equipment VIII. Instructions for use of equipment IX.

Thus, the discharge system of the Soviet motorist sample of the 1950 sample is a system of a field belt and a field soldier's tissue for easy carrying of equipment when performing educational tasks. In prosecution is unloading. The field belt is tarpaulin, covered with brown polystrolers and galvanized buckle, sometimes erroneously called the Stroke Belt, but it is incorrect - this is a field belt around 1950. Soldier's sponge consists of

1 form of clothing of the younger team, the younger superior and ordinary composition of the RPC Air Force, 1936. Summer casual clothing form 1. Pill 2. Schinel in a clip 3. Gymnaster 4. Summer shaders 5. Boots or boots with kragami 6. Wall belt Winter casual form of clothing 1. Helmet Sukonny dark gray color 2. Schinel 3. Gymnaster 4. Sukonny jackets

Each army has its own system of military ranks. Moreover, the rank systems are not something frozen, established once and for all. Some titles are canceled, others are entered. Those who are very seriously interested in military art, science, it is necessary to know not only the entire system of military ranks of one or another army, but also to know how the titles of various armies relate to which the titles of the same army correspond to the title of another army. In the existing literature on these issues a lot of confusion,

Private 1939 Private Infantry 1939 At the beginning of World War II, the Soviet Union had the largest army in Europe. Its number was estimated at 1.8 million people. Supplying such a mass of people with uniforms and equipment was a truly grand task, and therefore state factories could only support tested and proven methods that guarantee sustainable supplies. As a result, Soviet soldiers mostly wore uniforms,

Lieutenant 1941 Lieutenant Air Force 1941 This fighter pilot is dressed in a pre-war leather coat and a flying helmet. Pay attention to the signs of distinction on the loovers. Junior officers were red enamel squares Lieutenant Two squares and a propeller emblem with wings. By the time of the invasion of the Germans on the territory of the USSRVS of the Red Army experienced a painful reorganization of the commanders tried to find

Sailor 1939 Sailor Navy 1939 Outfitting the USSR Navy as a whole differed little from the clothes of sailors of other countries, although there had two distinctive features. First, only on the Soviet fleet, the Starinsky composition wore a traditional shape with a pioneer secondly, blue and black colors were combined in the sea. Officers wore a black shape in which a cap was included, a poop with a white shirt and black

Frontovik Efreitor 1 In the Uniform of the Sample 1943. The signs of differences from the loop are transferred to epaulets. School of SS-40 has been widely distributed since 1942. At about the same time, guns-machine guns began to enter the troops in mass quantities. This efreitor is armed with a 7.62-mm machine gun-machine gun - PPS-41- with a 71 charging drum shop. Spare stores in the socks on the waist belt next to the peason on three hand grenades. In 1944, along with the drum

Military uniform calls the clothes established by the rules or special decrees, the wearing of which is mandatory for any military unit and for each kind of troops. The form symbolizes the function of its carrier and its belonging to the organization. Sustainable phrase honor Mundira means military or generally corporate honor. Even in the Roman army, soldiers were given the same weapon and armor. In the Middle Ages on the shields it was customary to depict the coat of arms of the city, the kingdom or feudal,

In the North Caucasus, there were three types of Cossacks, Kuban and Donskiy. In 1936 By order of the NGO of the USSR 67 for these parts, a special output of the naja shape of clothing is established. For the Teresk and Kuban Cossacks, she consisted of Kubanka, Beshmeta, Circassies with a Bolk, Burka, Sharovar and Kav Kazkoga. Don Cossacks as a wearing outfit, Cossakin, harenaries and boots.

Camouflage clothing appeared in the Red Army in 1936 Although the experiments began 10 years earlier, but received their widespread distribution only during the war. Initially, these were mascakelates and capes spotted stains in the form of ameb and got a chemless name of ameba four color hammies Summer, spring autumn, desert and for mountain areas. In a separate row there are white maskhalates for winter camouflage. Much more massively manufactured.

Types of fabrics used for sewing uniforms of the Red Army. Name, Article Fabric composition Color Application Diagonal Merino art. 1408 Wool khaki, steel, dark and light blue uniforms, twigs and breeches generals Gabardin Merino art. 1311 Wool hacks, steel, dark and light blue uniforms, twigs and bridegi generals

In the working and peasant Red Army of the Red Army in the summer, they wore the semi-shots, they were shoes and boots, boots were outstanding in the cold winter time. The highest team composition in winter could wear winter boots burki. The choice of shoes depended on the title of serviceman officers always relied on boots and from their position. Before the war, there were many improvements and changes in the field

Summer uniforms of the Red Army for the period 1940-1943. The summer gymnaster of the command and the superior composition of the Red Army was introduced by the order of the USSR Defense Commissar 005 of February 1, 1941. Summer gymnaster is made of cotton fabric protective colors with a postponed collar fastened by one hook. At the ends of the collar nasting the buttercups of protective color with signs of differences. The gymnaster has a checked strap with a fastener

Winter uniforms of the Red Army 1940-1945. The chinel was introduced by order of the USSR RVS 733 of December 18, 1926. Single-breasted chinel from chine sulfur. The collar is postponed. Fastener counted on five hooks. Personal pockets without valves. Sleeves with confined straight trim. The back of the fold ends with a slot. Wasp is fastened to two butt columns. Schinel for the command and superior composition introduced by order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR

The pilot was introduced by order of the USSR Defense People's Commissar 176 of December 3, 1935. The pilot for the command composition is made of woolen fabric, uniform with a jumper by a gymnaste. The color of the pilot for the command composition of the air forces is blue, for the command composition of auto-armored troops steel, for all other hacks. The pilot consists of a cap and two sideboards. The cap is made on a cotton lining, and flights of two layers of the main fabric. In front

By order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR 005 dated February 1, 1941, a new typical list of items of non-private property constituting the robe of the younger and ordinary composition of the Red Army for summer and winter on a peaceful and wartime will be introduced. For an ordinary composition in the summer at peacetime I. Outfit 1. Pilot of the clouds of khaki. 2. Khaki cotton cotton colors only in building parts for field training. 3. Sound chinel gray

The clothing of servicemen is set by decrees, orders, rules or special regulatory acts. Wearing the naval form of the naval form of clothing is mandatory for military personnel of the armed forces of the state and other formations where military service is provided. In the Armed Forces of Russia, there are a number of accessories that were in the naval form of clothes of the Times of the Russian Empire. These include straps, boots, long overcoats with loops

Tabel about the ranks of the USSR Military Service 1935-1945 1935 1 by the Decree of the CEC and the Soviet Union of the USSR of September 22, 1935 on the introduction of the personal military ranks of the head of the Red Army and on the approval of the Regulations on the passage of the Service by the Command and Head of the Red Army, command and special military titles of the superior The composition of the military titles of the command and employment of land and air

The order of the Revoensuit of the Republic of 572 of April 3, 1920 was introduced by violating signs of the distinction of the Red Army. A detailed analysis of the history of the stripes and the Chevrons of the Red Army of all periods in the Material Material. Introduction of the RKKA stages, features, symbols, distinctive signs of smart type are used to identify military personnel of certain types of troops. To better understand the specifics of the violating signs of the Red Army, the Red Army Chevrons, recommend

Black Death So German soldiers during the 2 World War called Soviet maritime infantry, dressed in black boys. And the unknown combat cry of the midnrand Germans perceived as Fall Under Falling NIC. When the marines moved to the universal form, the vests and the fighters were saved and the attack went to the attack and in the tubes, biting ribbons in the teeth. Let the enemies see who they deal with. The history of marines is already in the second half of the XVI century as part of the crews of ships

The first mass Soviet steel helmet SSh-36 appeared in the Red Army in 1936, and by the end of the year it became obvious that he had a weighing of flaws. The most fundamental of them were fragility of steel and low boilers in places of bending. Attempts to improve the helmets led to the emergence of a number of experimental samples, some of them were trooped tests. Red Army women on a parade in Steel helmets SS-36. http forum.guns.ru in June

Metal helmets, widely used in the world's armies long before our era, by the XVIII century lost their protective importance due to the mass spread of firearms. By the period of Napoleonic wars in European armies as protective equipment, they were used mainly in heavy cavalry. Throughout the XIX century, headdress of military personnel defended their owners at best of the cold, heat or precipitation. Returning steel helmets, or

The abundance of samples of uniforms and equipment adopted for supplying in the Red Army led to the fact that tankers even inside one military unit or divisions could be equipped in different ways. Shown in the photo Commanders of the Light Tanks of the Red Army and Wehrmacht look like thousands of tankers looked at the first day of war. If possible, the most common versions of uniforms and equipment are indicated in the descriptions, but, of course, the material cannot claim comprehensive completeness.

The image presents two infantry of the Red Army Red Army of the personnel army on June 22, 1941 and sergeant-winner on May 9, 1945. Even in the photo it can be seen how the form simplified and the equipment was simplified and something turned out to be too expensive in the manufacture in wartime, something did not fit, something did not like the soldiers and was removed from the supply. And individual elements of equipment, on the contrary, spied at the enemy or taken as a trophy. Not all in the placement of items

Afghan Zagannaya name used by some servicemen for the name of a set of field summer winter shape of the military of the Armed Forces of the USSR, and later the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the CIS countries. The field was later used as everyday due to the poor supply of military formaved to the Soviet Army and the Navy of the USSR Marine infantry, coastal rocket and artillery troops and the fleet Air Force, in the initial period used in Savo and Oxawa

Until the end of the 70s, the field uniforms of PV KGB did not differ from the one that was in the land of the Soviet army. Unless green epaulets and loops, and more frequent and ubiquitous use of KLMK suit summer camouflated camouflage. At the end of the 70s, in terms of the development and implementation of a special field uniform, some shifts occur, the result of which the appearance of summer and winter field costumes is accustomed to an unusual cut. one.

In 1985, the Order of the USSR Minister of Defense 145-84g introduces a new field form of clothing, the same for all categories of military personnel, which received the resourceful name of Afghan, the first reception and units located on the territory of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. In 1988, in 1988, the Order of the USSR 250 from 4.03.88 is introduced by carrying out the shared output form by soldiers, sergeants and cadets without a nipper in a green shirt. From left to right

From left to right, summer major marshals and generals beyond the Air Force - for the system. Winter parade marshals and generals except the Air Force - out of order. Summer major Marshals and Air Force Generalists - for building and out. Summer on-weekend marshals and generals in the WHO forage and pants of blue. Summer casual marshals and generals - out of building pants. Summer field marshals and generals

Officials Differences of the RKKK servicemen 1919-1921. With the arrival of the RCP to power in November 1917, the new leaders of the country, relying on the thesis of K. Maks on the replacement of the regular army by the universal armament of the working people, was actively working to eliminate the imperial army of Russia. In particular, on December 16, 1917, all military ranks were repealed by all military ranks on the election and organization of power in the army and the election and organization of power in the army and the equity in the rights of all servicemen.

Signs of the differences in the RKKK servicemen on the titles of 1935-40. The period under review covers the time from September 1935 to November 1940. By the decision of the CEC and SCC of the USSR of September 22, 1935, the personal military titles are established for all servicemen, which are strictly related to positions. Each position corresponds to a certain title. The soldier may have a title lower than defined for this position, or appropriate. But he can't get

Signs of differences and buttercups of the Red Army 1924-1943. The working and peasant Red Army is abbreviated by the Red Army, the term Soviet Army army appeared later, the beginning of the Second World War, as not strangely met in the military uniform of the 1925 sample, the People's Commissariat of Defense with its order of December 3, 1935, introduced for the entire personnel of the Red Army, new uniforms and insignia. Old job titles partially persist for military-political, military-technical.

Personal military titles of military personnel 1935-1945 Personal military ranks of military personnel of the land and sea forces of the RKKKA 1935-1940 were introduced by the Resolutions of the People's Commissar Council 2590 for the Land and Air Force RKKA and 2591 for the Marine Rark Forces of September 22, 1935. Declared by order of the People's Commissar Defense 144 of September 26, 1935. Private and Command Party Political Composition

On January 6, 1943, drafts for the personnel of the Soviet army were introduced in the USSR. Initially, the epaulets were practical meaning. With their help held a strap of the cartridge bag. Therefore, the pursuit at first had only one, on the left shoulder, since the cartridge bag was rushed on the right side. In most fleets of the world, the epaulets were not used, and the rank was marked by the stripes on the sailor sleeve, the cartridge bag was not worn. In Russia, tremors

Outfit RKKE Headgear RKKKA Difference Signs Difference Signs Differences Difference Signs Difference Signs Difference Signs Difference Difference Signs Difference Signs Difference Signs Difference Signs Difference Signs Difference Difference Signs Difference Signs

This attribute of military equipment has deserved a worthy place in a number of others, due to its simplicity, unpretentiousness and, most importantly, complete indispensability. The very name of the helmet comes from French Casque or from Spanish Casco Skull, helmet. If you believe Encyclopedias, then under this term is understood as a leather or metal headdress, used to protect the head by military and other categories of persons acting in hazardous conditions by miners,

The name from the hectares to Frunzovka in journalism lives the version that Bududovka was developed in the first world war in such helmets, Russians were supposedly supposedly a parade of Victory on Berlin. However, confirmed evidence was not found. But according to the documents, the history of the competition for the development of a uniform for the working and peasant Red Army is well traced. The competition was announced on May 7, 1918, and on December 18, the rewarding of the Republic approved the sample of the Winter Heap - helmet,

June 3, 1946 In accordance with the decision of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, signed by I. Valin, the airborne troops were derived from the Air Force and are subordinated directly to the Ministry of Armed Forces of the USSR. Colors at the November parade of 1951 in Moscow. A visionary sign on the right sleeve in the first rank is visible. Resolution prescribed the head of the rear of the USSR Sun, together with the Commander of the Airborne Forces to prepare proposals

The emblem of airborne troops - in the form of a parachute surrounded by two aircraft - is known to everyone. It has become the basis for the subsequent development of all the symbols of parts and airborne connections. This sign is not only an expression of the belonging of a serviceman to the winged infantry, but also a kind of symbol of spiritual unity of all paratroopers. But few know the name of the author's emblem. And there was this work Zinaida Ivanovna Bocharov, a beautiful, smart, hardworking girl who worked as a leader in the headquarters of airborne

RKKKA Shedsheets 1. Ranger Fighter Equipment - Infantry Arrow Hiking Equipment Fig. 5-9 Fighter - The Infantry Arrow is divided into a full hiking gear when all the equipment is taken, including a wretcher with the layout and b assault With the layout of wearable reserves is not taken. Assembly and fit of assault equipment on the belt belt Pasta in order of sequences The following items,

Instructions for fitting, assembling and savings of single hiking equipment Nachsostav RKKA Order of the Russian RVS of the USSR 183 1932 1. General provisions 1. The uniform equipment of the Nachs station of the land and air-air forces of the RKKKA enters the supply and one size designed for the greatest growth of the host and sock on top Sintels and warm overalls leather wear, fur clothing used with waist and shoulder straps of three sizes 1 Rostov names 1 Equipment

From the loop to the pursuit of P. Lipatov, the form of clothing and signs of the distinction of the land forces of the Red Army, the internal troops of the NKVD and the border troops in the period of the Great Patriotic War, the working and peasant Red Army RKKA joined the second world in the uniform of the sample of 1935 at about the same time found the usual We are the appearance of the soldiers of the Wehrmacht. In 1935, a new outfit and signs of differences were introduced by order of the People's Commissariat of Defense of December 3 for the entire personnel of the Red Army.

The Soviet system of signs of differences is unique. This practice is not found in the armies of other countries of the world, and it was perhaps the only innovation of the communist power in the rest of the order was copied from the rules of the army signs of the difference in Tsarist Russia. Signs of differences The first two decades of the existence of the Red Army were the buttercups, which subsequently arrived at the shift. The rank was determined by the shape of the figures of triangles, squares, diamonds under the star,

They do not make a militant screen, they do not sparkle with the surface, are not decorated with chased coat of arms and plumes and quite often generally hidden under the jackets. However, today without these armor, non-plastic looks, it is simply unthinkable to send soldiers into battle or ensure the security of VIPs. Bulfurgeele clothing, which prevents the penetration of bullets into the body and, therefore, protecting a person from shots. It is made of materials that dispel

In the past century, during the Soviet Union, the highest title of generalissimus existed. However, this title was not over the entire existence of the Soviet Union, not a single person, except Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. The highest military rank was assigned to this person, asked the proletarian people himself for all his merits to the Motherland. This happened after the unconditional surrender of fascist Germany in the 45th year. Soon about the fact that the working people asked for such honor

Start the story of the introduction of signs of differences in the Soviet Army will have to have some common issues. To all, it will be useful to be a small excursion to the history of the Russian state, so as not to formulate empty references in the past. The pursuit themselves represent a kind of product that is on the shoulders in order to indicate the position or title, as well as the kind of troops and official affiliation. This is done in several ways to fasten the skies, asterisks, making lumen, chevrons.

The epoch, long in a couple of decades, which begins after coming to power the Bolsheviks, marked themselves with numerous changes in the life of the once former empire. The reorganization of almost all structures of peaceful and military activity turned out to be quite long and complete disputes with the process. In addition, from the course of history, we know that immediately after the revolution, Russia was overwhelmed by the bloody civil war in which it was not without intervention. It is difficult to imagine that the ranks initially

The entire period of the existence of the USSR can be divided into several stages on various epochal events. As a rule, changes in the political life of the state lead to a number of cardinal changes, including in the army. The pre-war period, which is limited to 1935-1940, went down in history as the birth of the Soviet Union, and the attention should be paid not only to the state of the material part of the armed forces, but also on the organization of the hierarchy. Before the start of the specified period existed

Even during the Second World War, the troops of the marines instilled horror in German soldiers. Since then, the last name was secured by the second name Black death or black devils, indicating an inevitable violence over those who will encroacitate the integrity of the state. Perhaps this nickname is somehow due to the fact that the infantryman wore black bustle. One thing is just known if the enemy is afraid, then this is the lion's share of victory, and, as you know, the symbol of the marines is considered the motto

Considering all the stages of the creation of the Armed Forces of Russia, it is necessary to deeply immerse themselves in history, and at least at the time of the principalities are not talking about the Russian Empire and even more so about the regular army, the birth of such a concept, as defense capability begins with this era. In the XIII century, Russia was represented by separate principles. Their military squads, though they were armed with swords, axes, spears, sabers and onions, but could not serve as a reliable protection against extraneous encroachments. Unified Army

Even before the First World War in the Russian army, a form appeared from the protective color of the trousers, gymnaster shoes, sinels and boots. We have repeatedly seen it in films about the Civil and Great Patriotic War. Soviet form of the Second World War. Since then, several uniform reforms have been carried out, but they have affected mainly the only parade form. We changed in uniforms of releases, purses, petakers, and the field form remained virtually unchanged.

Organs and internal troops of the NKVD 1935-1937. Let me remind you that the internal troops over the years have undergone numerous reorganization, renaming, etc. With the creation immediately after the October coup of 1917, the Council of People's Commissars of the SNK was immediately created as one of the Thirteen People's Commissariats People's Commissariat of the Interior of the Russian Republic of NKVD. Then he became called the NKVD RSFSR. Then, as the union republics are found - added

The worker-peasant Red Army Army RKKA joined the second world in the uniform of the sample of 1935. At about the same time, the appeal to us the appearance of the soldiers of the Wehrmacht. In 1935, the order of the People's Commissariat of Defense of December 3, for the entire personnel of the Red Army, a new outfit and difference signs were introduced. The previous job ranks in the categories were abolished, personalities were established for the commanders, the same partly persisted for military-political, military-technical,

In the Red Army, two types of petitions casual color and field protective were used. There were also differences in the lecturers of the command and superior compositions so that the commander from the boss could be distinguished. The field butterms were introduced by order of NPO USSR 253 dated August 1, 1941, which was canceled by the wearing of color signs of differences for all categories of servicemen. It was ordered to go to the loovers, emblems and signs of distinction of a completely green protective color.

Soviet mountain arrow gunners in ambush. Caucasus. 1943 Based on a significant combat experience, accumulated during the Great Patriotic War, the Main Department of Combat Training of the Gubb of Ground Forces of the Red Army took the fundamental solution to the issues of providing the latest weapons and equipment of the Soviet infantry. In the summer of 1945, a meeting was held in Moscow on discussing all the problems facing general-official commander. At this meeting with reports performed

Different types of rifle and cold weapons weaponing partisans trophy weapons partisans Various independent alterations of copies of Soviet and trophy weapons of action Partisans in the rear of the enemy damage to power lines, spreading propaganda leaflets, intelligence, destruction of traitors. Ambushes in the rear of the enemy, the destruction of the columns and the alive force of the enemy undermines of bridges and railway tracks, methods

As a result of the adoption of two decrees on December 15, 1917, the Council of Europe and the military ranks remaining in the Russian army and military ranks remaining in the Russian army. The period of the formation of the Red Army. The first signs of the differences. Thus, all soldiers of the working and peasant red army organized as a result of the order of January 15, 1918 had no longer any uniform military form just like the special signs of differences. Neverthether in the same year for the fighters of the Red Army is injected by a badge

Signs of the distinction of the Red Army, 1917-24. 1. Vorced infantry sign, 1920-24. 2. The bandage of the Red Guard of 1917. 3. The violating stripter of the Kalmyk cavalry parts of the south-east Front, 1919-20. 4. Badge of the Red Army, 1918-22. 5. Writing sign of the convoy of the republic, 1922-23. 6. Vyssive sign of the internal troops of OGPU, 1923-24. 7. Vigilanive Barper Sign East Front, 1918-19. 8. Watching the commander

Based on the above-mentioned norms in secret mode, the detailed provision on the supply of the service of the army leading the hostilities was carried out. On June 30, 1941, hastily refined due to the unexpected attack of Germany in the USSR, this information was declared a circularity of the main internant for the information of the Red Army. However, at that moment, in the first place was the question of not the supply of the front, but the rescue of front stocks from those areas where the troops retreated. The beginning of the war was

Uniforms of the Red Army 1918-1945 The fruit of the joint efforts of a group of enthusiasts of artists, collectors, researchers who give all their free time and means in tribute to one common idea for them. Recreation of the realities of the era disturbing their hearts gives the opportunity to approach the truthful perception of the central event of the 20th century of the Second World War, undoubtedly continuing to provide a serious impact on modern life. Experienced by our people of the decade of intentional distortion

We continue to tell about the uniform of the Red Army. In this publication, it will be about the period of 1943-1945, that is, the very rapid of the Great Patriotic War, attention is paid to changes in the form of the Soviet soldier who occurred in 1943. Senior Air Force with his father who is Major. Winter and summer clothing form, 1943 and later. Winter gymnasters looks neat and clean, summer dirty

In the first days. The Bolsheviks that followed by the Great October Socialist Revolution began to form armed groups from the proletaries of physical labor, the sailors of the royal fleet and deserters of the Imperial Russian army. These detachments received fame as the Red Guard. The official date of the creation of the Red Army is considered on February 23, 1918. Until 1946, the officially armed forces were called the Worker-Cresan Red Army. RKKA, since 1946, the Soviet Army.

Commanders of Vasily Ivanovich Chuikov born on February 12, 1900 in silver ponds, near Vienne, Vasily Ivanovich Chuikov was the son of a peasant. From the age of 12, he worked as a student of Shornik, and when he was 18 years old, he joined the Red Army. In 1918, during the Civil War, he participated in the defense of Tsaritsyn later - Stalingrad, and in 1919 he joined the WCP B and was appointed commander of the regiment. In 1925, Chuikov graduated from the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze, then participated

Organs and internal troops of the NKVD 1935-1937.

Let me remind you that the internal troops over the years have undergone numerous reorganization, renaming, etc.

Then he became called the NKVD RSFSR.

Then, as the union republics, the NKVD of the Union republics were added in parallel and NKVD.

Only in 1934, a single allied drug addict of the internal affairs of the USSR was formed.

So, 06/10/1934 The People's Commissariat of the Internal Affairs of the USSR (NKVD) was formed, which included the former troops of the NEP-GPU-OGPU.

Outfitting of the NKVD officers, border and internal security servicemen remains the same (taken back in 1924): a shirt or a shirt-french colors khaki , blue harees, colored Caps , Cavalry chinel.

This introduced a certain confusion and confusion, and therefore by the Decree of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) Prize DSP / 95 of September 10, 1935, all organizations, institutions and persons were Absolutely forbidden wearing shape and signs of differences similar to RKKKA (With the exception of military personnel of the formations of the border and internal protection of the NKVD, compiled by call).

Let me remind you that at this time a very peculiar period of life of the Soviet state begins and the role of the NKVD in the life of the country is significantly increasing.

Note Veremeeva Yu.G. The winged phrase "revolution always devours of their children." The usual stage in the process of revolutionary change of power of any sense (whether the bourgeois, democratic, socialist or Nazi revolution) in any country - those who together stood at the head of the revolutionary forces in the initial period, are beginning to share power now and each of them believes that The head of the country should now stand it. The acute political struggle begins, in which any ways of extrusion, isolation, elimination or destruction (including physical) rivals are in power are started. In addition, in the country, at such a period, quite a lot of those who considered themselves offended posts, and its revolutionary merit is not assessed. Of these, the opposition head shouts are drawn, while the power of the right to suppress the opposition is used by the rule of law ( police , militia, gendarmerie, state security agencies, SS, etc.). Naturally, this unit is endowed in such a period of special authority.

However, in reality "organs" were just a tool for the internecine struggle of the tops of the party and state leadership. For example, an ax may also be in the hands of a carpenter and in the hands of a killer. But the ax - he is an ax, he remains just a tool in all cases.

October 4, 1935 Politburo approved projects of new uniforms. The form for organs and the Troops of the NKVD was decided to make a uniform, and not so diverse as a berry offered.

11/27/1935 Order No. 399 for the NKVD troops were announced dress and insignia Personal composition of internal security.

Due to the low features of the sewing industry, the country was impossible in a short time to move into a new uniformity of all employees of units, organs and parts of the NKVD troops. Therefore, it was noted that the Politburo decision of 29.11.1935) was allowed to land until October 1, 1937 before the expiration socks With new signs of differences and loovers, uniforms of the old sample: - shirt with edging, respectively, assigned rank; - cloak without edging; - Shinel without edging.

Outfitting by order No. 399 of 11/27/1935.

a) the main headdress of organs and the troops of the NKVD was cap RKKA sample 1935. The cap sewed from the woolen fabric of traditional for the NKVD colors: - Tula of the corpuscular color and the cracker - for the internal troops; At the top of the incolment and Tuli on all types of caps, raspberry kant were stacked. The cap had a little advanced the black Fiber varnished visor, over two small uniform buttons attached the same lacquered the black Sliding picking belt . Higher, Senior and Medium NachsOther Wear a cap all year round, and Private And the younger notice - only in Summer time. Summerly out of installation, with a white form of clothing, it could wear a white cap with a white tissue visor and a selection belt.

b) For wearing in the field, a wool was installed for wearing the land parts of the NKVD troops Pill colors khaki . NKVD troops were assigned wool Pill Dark blue, which was rushing along with a cap with a dark blue fries or a shirt. An ordinary composition All kinds of troops wore a cotton cap color khaki When walking out clothes. In the seams of the cap and sides of all the pilots of the Nachsostav, raspberry kants were sewn, and a closed five-pointed star from the instrument cloth with a diameter of 3 cm was seamed on the front seam.

c) for NKVD military servicemen undergoing service in areas with a hot climate, cotton has been introduced helmet colors khaki With a five-pointed star from dashboard with a diameter of 7.5 cm.

d) as a winter head remove introduced

* Naturally: The hat-of gray or brown fur, with the top (cap) of dark gray wool fabric - was worn only with coat with a fastened fur collar.

Crap - for internal security and air services;

Light green - for border guard.

Instead of accepted in the Red Army, overcoat for the room (except the younger) organs and the troops of the NKVD, a two-breasted coat-raincoat was introduced as the outerwear. raglan "From dark gray woolen fabric, on 4 large shaped buttons, with a postponed collar. In Winter Time K. coat A fur lining and collar on the color of fur hatched shapes was spurred. The collar of the coat of the highest natch of the NKVD troops edged with raspberry cloth.

Note: In addition to the upper clothes, installed orders, the room was allowed to wear out of the circuit, coat and jackets made of black or dark brown, with signs of differences and without them.

The form of clothing of the internal troops of the NKVD was the following items:

a) for middle, senior and higher room:

Sukonnaya gymnaste dark protective color with two breastpid pockets;

Sukonny dark blue balls with raspberry cats;

For the room installed army equipment A single sample of brown leather with white metal fittings. For carrying weapons on the waist belt On the right side was put on holster . With a tuber was a suspended holster attached by trainers to the belt belt. An ordinary composition and the younger room wore belt belt brown or natural color, with a metallic one-shock buckle.

For the ballovostav, the controls and institutions of the NKVD troops with pants of the Breezha type were worn leggings With chrome shoes from black or dark brown leather, or black chrome Boots , for the committees of building parts and schools - black chromium or yalovye Boots , and out of order - Boots with kragami. With pants at an outline (out of order), the whole nachdow wore chrome Boots or Low shoes From black or brown skin. An ordinary composition and the younger room was assigned to wearing talny boots with windings or yalov boot black color.

But all the rest who served in the "bodies" (state security, militia, firefighters, various kinds of business students) were assigned special titles - with the prefix "State Security", "Militia", "Internal Service". For example - lieutenant state security captain Police, Major internal service .

Special titles to military titles are not equal at all. And although many of them wear an army uniform, in fact, neither to the army, nor to the troops of the NKVD ( MVD. ) There are no relations. Let's say, the current Minister of the Interior of Nurgaliyev goes in the form of the army general, although neither in the army, nor in the internal troops serves.

For example, a person served in the army, quit the rank of "Efreitor", after that he went to work in MVD. in administrative and economic bodies. He was assigned a special title, he works many years, gets promotion and eventually dismissed in the special rank of "Colonel of the Internal Service".

So, upon arrival in the Railoenkomat for Military registration, it will be recorded as an efreitor, and not as a colonel, since his military (military) title Efreitor . A special title for the military registration and enlistment office does not matter.

Another example. The officer served under the contract, quit from the army, enters the police (police). In the police, he unconditionally in the order of retests is assigned a special title of militia ( Police ), corresponding to his military rank (i.e. confirm).

But on the contrary it will not work.

Command structure: Military rank Private The composition of the Red Archanger junior command and the boss separated commander Junior Comvisavoda Stornish Candidate of the title Middle Command Lieutenant Senior lieutenant Senior teamwork Captain Major Colonel Supreme Command Combrig Committee Commkor

Military political composition: Military rank Middle Military Political Composition Politroh Senior Military Political Composition Senior PolitroCK Battalion Commissioner Regiment Commissioner Supreme Military Political Companies Brigadier Commissioner Division Commissioner Corrugated Commissioner

Military and administrative composition:

Military rank Middle Military and Administrative Commercial Effect 2 Rank Technician-Intens ADTRANT 1 rank Senior Military Economic and Administrative Comparisons Intensified 3 rank intenntener 2 rank intensified 1 rank Higher Military Economic and Administrative Station Briginendant Divintrendant

Military-technical composition: Military rank Middle Military Technical Station Central Equipment 2nd Rank 1 Rank Senior Military Technical Station Miliferger 3 Rank Milnagerger 2 Rank Milnagerger 1 Rank Higher Military Technical Composition

Military medical

Military rank Middle Military Medical Composition Voalfeldsher Senior Voalfeldsher Senior Military Medical Composition Mervach 3 Rank Voi Mervach 2 Rank Voil Mood 1 Rank Higher Military Medical Composition Brigalch Wristvra

Military veterinary composition: Military rank Middle Military Veterinary Store Voilvetheldsher Senior ValveTeldsher Senior Military Veterinary Status Military Warterwriter 3 Rank Warterwitch 2 Rank Warterwriter 1 Rank Higher Naval Veterinary Store Briggvetwatr

Military Legal: Military rank Middle Military Legal Junior Divorrice Migrator Senior Military Legal Jurist 3 rank warrior 2 rank warrior 1 rank Higher Military Legal Bigvoenurer Diviewyurist

Signs of differences in the military ranks served as the stars of various colors in the buttercasters and twisted signs.

Let's start with twisted signs.

In the picture: From left to right: the violating signs of the Middle Komostava, the Senior Commendent, the highest commercial, military-political composition.

The middle command composition was carried on both sleeves over a grind (above the cuff) two or three so-called. "truncated triangle" embroidered with red silk thread depending on the title.

The military-political composition on both sleeves over the overall (over the cuff) wore one star regardless of the title. These stars were completely similar to the stars of the polit RKKKA . Red star with golden sickle and hammer inside it.

Military and administrative, military-technical, military medical, military-veterinary and the military-legal composition did not have vague signs.

The main means of distinguishing the ranks of the internal troops (internal protection) of the NKVD were Petters .

4 - Saranameman.

"Candidate of the title" - it was an intermediate stage between the junior and middle team.

This title existed in the internal troops of the NKVD very long. Already in April, the 37th order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 169 dated 21.04.1937, it was abolished as unnecessary.

3 - Polyruk (on the sleeve of a political worker star),

4 -Technics-intenntener 2 rank,

5 -Anchnik-intenntener 1 rank,

6 - Inheritant 2 rank,

7 -Wener equipment 1 rank,

8 -Onevfeldsher 2 rank,

9 -Onefeldsher 1 rank.

* Senior team and the reigning composition wore silver lumets and metallic silver sprockets with a diameter of 13 mm.

2 -Myor,

3 -captain,

4 -Polkom Commissioner,

5 - Ballen Commissioner,

6 - Star Politruk,

7 -intendant 1 rank,

8 -intendant 2 rank,

9 -intendant 3 rank,

10 - chairsman 1 rank,

11 - Replacementer 2 rank,

12 - Replacementer 2 rank,

13 - Inventory 1 rank,

14 -Newwite 2 rank,

15 - Inventory 3 rank.

* The highest team and the commanding composition wore golden lumens and metal golden stars with a diameter of 13 mm in the buttercups.

The highest title in the internal troops of the NKVD was established "Commander of the 2nd Rank". However, it was never assigned to anyone and remained purely nominal.

In the figure, the signs of the distinction of the commander of the 2nd rank.

1 -comcor,

2 -Comdiv,

3 -combrig,

4 - Cupid Commissioner,

5 -Divizional commissioner,

6 - Britie Commissioner,

7 -Divintendant,

8 -briginendant,

9 -Divinener

10 -briginener,

11 -Divorch

12 -Bigrigvetvrach.

These signs differences existed in the internal security very long - from October 1935 to July 1937. Many military servicemen did not have time to even wear them, because the differences were not simultaneously on new signs, but as the ranks assign. And it was not a mechanical process. Each military personality is a question of assigning a particular title individually in the order of certification. And the younger room at all moved to new signs of differences only in March 1936.

Internal troops of the NKVD 1937-1942

It must be pre-reminded that the internal troops of the NKVD by 1937 were represented.

In 1937, the General Directorate of Border and Internal Protection (NKVD HPVD) was renamed the General Directorate of the Border and Internal Troops of the NKVD of the USSR.

Main Department of the Border Troops of the NKVD of the USSR;

Head of the Troops of the NKVD of the USSR on the protection of railway structures;

The main management of the Troops of the NKVD of the USSR on the protection of particularly important industrial enterprises;

Main Management of the Konvoy Troops of the NKVD of the USSR;

The main management of the military supply of the NKVD of the USSR;

The main military-building department of the NKVD of the USSR.

It should notice that the convoy troops carried out their functions in the way with the militarized protection of the Gulag (VCR GULAG NKVD). Some places of conclusion were protected by the fighters of the convoy parts, other WCS.

Below will deal with the form of clothing and signs of differences:

Troops of the NKVD SSR for the protection of particularly important industrial enterprises,

NKVD troops on the protection of railway structures,

Konvoy troops NKVD.

Yesterday's combrigs in the order of retests were assigned depending on the post or The title of Colonel or Major General. However, this process was delayed and at the time of the beginning of the war in the NKVD troops there were still several combries that were still one rhombus in the butter.

In relation to the brigade commissioners, the then head of the main political management of the Red Army achieved a decision, in accordance with which the title "Brigadier Commissioner" was no longer assigned, but the originated teams kept their rank and signs of differences before the next title (Division Commissioner) assigning them. Thus, some brigadier commissars wore their rank up to the complete cancellation of the rank of political workers in autumn 1942.

In accordance with the changes in the titles are introduced new insignia . The highest command formulation of the NKVD troops (as in the Red Army), the shape of the loop now becomes the same that on the sheel, that on France and the gymnaster. Crap-colored butterfly field, metal or embroidered asteris. On the top edge of the loop, the commander's golden gown is 3 mm wide. The emblems in the petters did not have the generals of the NKVD troops.

Hanging similar to Chevrones of the RKKA generals. and major general and lieutenant general are the same Chevrons .

The rest of the highest supervisory composition has no changes in the signs of differences in comparison with 1937. They continued to wear their diamonds in the ledges of the former shape.

Signs of distinction of the Middle and Senior Command Makeup of the NKVD troops from July 1940g:

For the newly introduced title " Efreitor "The difference is familiar with a horizontal strip of red on a red looper of 1 cm wide, on a gymnaste 5 mm. The same strip on the buttercups other than the triangles and all other faces of the younger team and the superior composition.

Signs of differences and titles of an ordinary and junior command and superior composition:

1 . Krasnoamec. Infantry troops NKVD.

2 . Address. Infantry troops NKVD.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in August 1941 (Order of the NKO USSR No. 253 from 1.8.1941) In the current army, field buttercups were introduced without kant and without halids. Triangles, cubes, sleepers also purchased green color. However, in parts that do not relate to the current army were preserved insignia .

Thus, in the NKVD troops on the field marks, differences actually moved only in the Rifle divisions of the NKVD troops, fought at the front on a par with the RKKE divisions.

Distinguish the soldier of the Roshkov Division of the NKVD from the RKKK military serviceman when wearing those and other identical field signs of differences cannot be at all.

Ships Command Makeup:

1 -The turnover (rifle units of the NKVD)),

2 - Vodkovnik (cavalry parts of the NKVD),

3 -Myor (armored parts of the NKVD),

4 -Kapitan (cavalry parts of the NKVD).

5 -star lieutenant (armored parts of the NKVD).

6 - Pilaterenant (cavalry of the NKVD).

8 - Lowned lieutenant (Rifle units of the NKVD).

Ships superior composition (examples):

1 -ingerer-colonel,

2 - Pilate pen of the intenntenant service,

3 - Pilant of medical service.

The officers of the veterinary service emblem silver.

I would like to draw the attention of uniform lovers for another two not very noticeable, but very significant details.

The first is the location of the stars on the shoulder of the Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel. Stars are located not on the lumen, but shifted to the edge of the pursuit. Approximately so worn stars on the pursuit of the royal army, having them on the sides of the encryption. But the point is that in the royal army, all the stars were the same size -11 mm (1/4 of the top), and they were perfectly placed between the lumen and the edge of the pursuit. And the stars of the sample of 1943, the senior officers in size were significantly more -20 mm, and when placed between the lumen and the edge of the pursuit, the sharp ends of the stars often went over the edge of the pursuit and clung to anything - for example, for the lining of the cooler.

These stars will shumely shumely only in about 1947. Apparently, the displacement of the stars on the lumens was first in many ways spontaneous, and was subsequently standardized.

All straps were mounted on an outfit using a longitudinal loop, brought from the reverse side of the pursuit. These epaulets were designed to wear on everyday and frontal shapes of clothing.

Ships generals of internal troops.

A.I. Gulev (1941-1942)

I.S. Schereg (1942-1944).

And only A.N. Aapollons, who commanded explosives in 1944-1946, was accustomed to the title of "Colonel-General".

Ships GB generals differed from army generals only by the color of the edging of the pursuit (cornflower color), adopted at the time in the internal troops.

Shores are known only everyday. There are no information about field straps for generals of internal troops.

In the picture on the left:

1 . There Major internal troops.

2 . The average lieutenant of the internal troops.

3 . The average colonel of the internal troops.

In subsequent years, the shape and signs of the difference in the internal troops were more and more approaching the army.

In 1955, the soldiers and sergeants of the Soviet Army, the soldiers and sergeants of the Soviet Army, leave the soldiers and sergeants and the pursuit of soldiers and sergeants.

In 1970, with the introduction of a new form in the Soviet Army, a similar is accepted for internal troops. Vasil color finally and completely leaves with objects of form and signs of distinction of explosives. It remains the basic color of the KGB servicemen. This department already at the beginning of the fifties is fully separated from MVD. And it becomes completely independent.

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