Goose onion application. Early flowering plants. Goose bow. Goose bow: description
Already at the end of April, yellow stars appear along forest glades and ravines, along forest edges and meadows. Bloomed goose bow... Its leaves are more like garlic leaves. Both the taste and smell of the plant are garlic. There are only two leaves, they are lanceolate - narrow and long, with parallel veins. One, basal - wider and longer, it hugs the stem; the second, growing higher - narrower and shorter. Goose onions belong to the same lily family as other types of onions and garlic.
Goose onions in bloom
These are fairly common early flowering plants, perennial ephemeroids. In the soil, the plant has one or two interconnected bulbs small size... The above-ground part appears only in spring. The genus is quite extensive. Plants are widespread practically throughout the temperate zone of Eurasia. They are found in semi-deserts, steppes, in mountainous areas. And, of course, in the forest zone. In our forests, you can find two types: yellow goose onion (Gagea lutea) and small goose onion (Gagea minima).
The Russian name, undoubtedly, is associated with the observation of how the geese willingly arriving in the spring pluck this grass. The cattle in the pasture also did not deny themselves this pleasure. Well, man, too, has long been "plucking" it, collecting spring shoots and digging out bulbs. There is information about a certain medicinal value plants. As a spring source of vitamins, it is undoubtedly beneficial. However, these observations were possible at a time when the goose onion was a really common plant. Excessive fees have led to the fact that it becomes more and more rare.
Yellow goose onion (Gagea lutea)
This is a common forest plant. Occurs in deciduous forests, oak forests, bushes. Prefers rather fertile soils. A yellow goose onion has only one onion. Grown from a seed, it grows in the upper layer of the soil, and in the spring it can be washed away by streams of water and transferred to a new place. Having rooted there, the plant does not bloom for the first five years. In the spring, having thrown out its lanceolate leaves into the light, it actively reproduces vegetatively - forming daughter bulbs. In the sixth year, in addition to the leaves, a peduncle appears. The plant loses its ability to reproduce vegetatively. On a peduncle in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence, flowers open.
Like other liliaceae, the flowers of the goose onion have a simple perianth of colored leaves. The goose bow has six of them, and they form two circles. From the inside, the tepals are yellow, from the outside they are greenish. There are also six stamens, the stigma of the pistil is three-lobed. The flower is large enough - up to 2-3 cm in diameter. Between the base of the stamens and the tepals, nectar is secreted, attracting pollinating insects. In addition to bees, flies and beetles also collect it. It is curious that only the very first flowers in the inflorescence (they are also the central ones) give seeds well. Those that appear later produce mainly pollen. This is probably the first "step" in evolution towards the emergence of dioecious flowers.
In May - June fruits (capsules) and seeds ripen in them. The seeds are supplied with appendages - eliosomes. They attract ants. It is the ants, taking away the seeds and losing them, that contribute to the dispersal of the goose onion. This phenomenon in biology is called myrmecohoria (from the Greek words “myrmekos” - ant and “choreo” - to spread). Many early flowering plants are myrmecohores:, clefthoof,. As you can see, yellow goose onions are also among them. After the fruits ripen, the aerial part of the plant dies off.
The fact that there are two stages in the life cycle of a goose onion: the period vegetative propagation and the seed breeding period is undoubtedly an adaptation to wider dispersal. With the help of seeds and bulbs of the first year, it is possible to spread further. And having taken root, due to the formation of daughter bulbs, the goose onions already form a small community, a group. By the way, sometimes "kids" can develop instead of flowers.
Small goose onion (Gagea minima)
As the name itself says, the plant is smaller than its relative in size. Less and its flowers. Already leaves. Otherwise, they look similar. But the small goose is already a plant in open spaces. It grows in meadows, in wastelands, in the forest - only on the edges and large glades And the bulbs of the small goose onion are not one, but two. And the stem rises between them. And one more difference - starting to bloom, small goose onions do not lose their ability to reproduce vegetatively.
Don't collect primroses!
The reason for the disappearance of many plant species from nature, in addition to the general deterioration of the ecological situation, is often simple human greed. Well, what if we pick a bunch of early flowers ?! Yes, the point is that there are many "us". And if we do not pick flowers ourselves, then we willingly buy them in the market. Well, we were happy with it for a day or two, and threw it away. Or received a portion of vitamins (quite a small one, by the way!). And the plant did not have time to accumulate the necessary supply of nutrients for the year ahead and died. After all, most primroses have a very short vegetative period - they are ephemeroids! And the plants disappear. Absolutely! And no genetic engineering, no cloning will help here.
Many primroses are included in the Red Data Books of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, other countries, in International Red Book... There are Red Data Books (or their equivalent) in most regions of Russia. There are serious fines for collecting such plants! True, with the implementation of laws (in Russia, in any case) things are ... not very good. But the implementation of laws does not depend on government agencies alone. From the citizens themselves too!
Fragile, small, but very welcoming and bright. Their stalks against the faded background of any snowy litter and deciduous rags brighten up the untidy look only partially, and it is not easy to see the first-born flora because of the overwintered greenery: you need a close, observant gaze. But those who manage to meet purple, blue and yellow flowers will be remembered and loved. Among such live news, find the goose grass, or the yellow goose onion. We will talk about it today.
Goose bow: description
It is up to 30 centimeters high, which belongs to Differs in small yellow tulip-like flowers, collected in one umbellate inflorescence, broad-linear basal leaves with a sharp top and small bulbs. As a rule, the length of the leaves is longer than the length of the flowers.
The plant blooms in mid-spring. The fruit is a capsule. Goose onions multiply intensively by pollination, as well as with the help of daughter bulbs that form in the leaf axils and on the bottom of the bulb.
Name
Once upon a time, when almost no one tore flowers, the goose onion, the photo of which is presented in this article, grew in abundance in the meadows and meadows, where flocks flew every spring in order to pinch the shoots of this grass and take a break after a long flight. Thus, the name of this early plant appeared.
Growing places and species
Goose onions are widespread in North Africa, in addition, in the temperate regions of Eurasia. About a hundred species grow in the lands described above, of which four can be found on Russian territory:
The listed types predominantly grow in the European part of Russia, in addition, in Western Siberia. They choose humus fresh meadows, deciduous pastures, groves, banks of some rivers and streams.
Use in the garden
The above species are widespread native plants that perfectly enliven irregular flower beds with cheerful flowers and fresh early greens. Look great in landscaped parks, wild gardens, and lawns.
Care
The plant grows under the canopy of trees and in sunny areas. It does not require special care, but it feels especially good on fertile soil.
Healing properties
The goose onions described in this article are a great addition to a tender spring salad. It will help get rid of vitamin deficiency. Fragrant fresh leaves are an invaluable treasure, which has concentrated in itself a large amount of trace elements and vitamins that are so necessary for a weakened and tired body.
At the same time, goose onions are interesting not only for these qualities, but also for their healing properties. Since ancient times, bulbs and herbs have been used to treat epilepsy, bronchial asthma, hepatitis and edema, dropsy, and pre-chopped bulbs are used as a wound healing, stretching and antiseptic agent, since all parts of the plant are rich in garlic essential oils, which include sulfur.
Medical use
In traditional medicine, fresh bulbs of this plant are used for medicinal purposes. As already mentioned, they contain essential oil, which contains sulfur. Cooked onion decoction is drunk with hepatitis (jaundice), dropsy and asthma. Finely crushed onions are gently applied to the wounds, which leads to rapid healing.
It is worth noting that goose onions are completely edible: young bulbs and leaves are added to vegetable soups and spring salads, boiled and baked onions are also eaten. The bulbs, which had been dried earlier, were ground, added to the flour when baking bread.
Dosage forms
Most often in medicinal purposes use the root part of this plant (bulb). It concentrates in itself to a greater extent a number of different useful substances: sugars, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, saponins, a huge complex of trace elements and vitamins, organic acids. Most often, the leaves are used to prepare all kinds of salads, soups and other spicy dishes.
Bulbs are harvested in early spring, even before the plant begins to bloom, or in late autumn. Collecting for food purposes is done in early summer. Universal onion broth is used for internal use, various insect bites are treated with juice, grated or chopped onions are applied to poorly healing ulcers and foci of inflammation.
Decoction recipe
In order to prepare this universal broth, you need to take one spoonful of fresh finely chopped onions, pour 100 g of hot water over them and cook over low heat for about 3-5 minutes. Then let cool and strain the contents. Healing infusion is recommended to use one spoonful 5 times a day. The finished product should be stored in the refrigerator for a maximum of 36 hours.
To prepare a decoction for epileptic seizures, you need to boil half a glass of medium-fat milk, add a few onions there, and then cook everything for 5 minutes. Then strain, refrigerate and take two teaspoons three times a day. The drug is taken in courses (2 weeks of admission should be alternated with a monthly break, it depends on the severity of the disease).
Cosmetic use
Goose onions are used in cosmetology. It is used to improve hair growth, for which you can prepare a mask. In this case, you will need 4 tablespoons of onion gruel, which must be mixed with 30 mg of liquid honey. The resulting mass is then carefully rubbed into the roots of the scalp and left for about 30 minutes, after which it is washed off using shampoo.
Goose onions are also useful for making a face mask. In case you have skin with enlarged pores, the following recipe will help you. Finely chopped onions should be mixed with honey, then apply the resulting gruel to the skin for about 10 minutes, while avoiding the eye area. Then it must be well washed off with running cool water. It is worth noting that you can add egg yolk instead of a beekeeping product for acne.
Goose onion juice is used in the presence of age spots on the skin. To do this, it is applied to the affected area, for example, on freckles, three times a day. Further, it is not recommended to go out into the open sun for several hours.
Contraindications
Goose onions have no contraindications for use, moreover, they are not observed side effects from its application. Sometimes it is possible to develop an allergy to some components due to individual intolerance.
Conclusion
Most likely, this bow has been tried by many. It is absolutely not bitter, has a pleasant aroma and taste. It is often grown in gardens as decorative cultureit is also used in cooking. You can use it as an independent product, as well as adding a goose book to vegetable salads in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region includes it in the list of plants on the verge of extinction.
The goose onion is a bulbous herbaceous honey plantbelonging to the lily family. Appearance its rather modest, but the plant looks great in a rocky garden and feels great in flower arrangements... It is also often used as a curb. In nature, there are more than a hundred of its species, and most often the plant is found in Eurasia and North Africa. The goose onion blooms in early spring, which is why it is popularly called the yellow snowdrop.
The flower of a goose onion reaches a height of 35 cm. Its inflorescences are umbrella-shaped, and the flowers themselves are small yellow stars. The leaves of the goose onion plant are narrow and long, much longer than the inflorescence itself. Goose onions propagate with the help of children, which are formed from the main bulb. In summer, the fruits of goose onions ripen in the form of triangular capsules with seeds. After the end of flowering, the aerial part of the plant dies off.
The most common types are considered to be yellow, bulbous, small, reddish goose onions. In decorative gardening, yellow goose is most often used. The plant is hardy enough, loves sunny places, fertile, loose soil that does not retain water.
Goose onion yellow
Yellow goose onions grow in forests, oak forests, groves and dense bushes. It has a small ovoid bulb up to 10 mm in diameter, covered with brownish-gray scales. Its stem grows up to 30 cm. broad leaves longer than inflorescences. Under the inflorescence, it usually has two leaves: one growing above the inflorescence, and the second, smaller, shorter than the inflorescence. The inflorescence itself consists of 8-10 flowers of a pale yellow color, and outside they are generally greenish. The yellow goose onion blooms in March-April.
In summer, the plant begins a dormant period. And by the beginning of autumn, the shoot of the next year is fully formed in the goose onion. The tops of its leaves begin to resemble a hard tip, helping the plant to break through the frozen soil, snow or ice crust in early spring.
The growing season for yellow goose onions lasts only 2-3 weeks. Its yellow flowers open at 10 am and close at 5 pm. In cloudy or rainy weather, they do not open at all.
In the description of the yellow goose onion, you can find interesting periods of its breeding. During the first period, even before flowering, there is an increased reproduction and formation of children, which appear at the base of the mother bulb. These formed small onions do not germinate the next, but only in the third year. In the spring of the fourth and fifth year, the bulbs continue to grow, and only in the spring of the sixth year does the plant bloom and the second period of the life of the goose begins. Daughter bulbs can no longer form, and reproduction continues only with the help of seeds. Such bulbs, grown from seeds, are located for several years on the very surface of the soil and are easily washed away by rain or flood waters. 
and are carried over long distances. And babies are formed at the same depth as the mother's bulbs, that is, deeper and cannot be washed out by rains, but slowly settle over short distances. These two methods of reproduction of yellow goose onions contribute to the wide dispersal of this species in the wild.
Seeds of yellow goose onions are sown before winter. If you want to grow a plant from children, then it is best to scatter the bulbs in the area where it is already growing lawn grass and slightly bury the bulbs in the ground. With this planting, you will get a beautiful natural carpet from a starry scattering of yellow flowers of decorative goose onions on a green field of grass.
Goose bow (or gageya, geijia) - perennial bulbous plant from ten to thirty centimeters high, belongs to the lily family. Characterized by small tulip-like yellow flowerscollected in an umbellate inflorescence (from 1 to 5-7 per inflorescence), small bulbs and basal broad-linear leaves with a pointed tip. The leaves are usually longer than the flowers.
The flowering period of the goose is in April and May. The fruit is a capsule. The plant reproduces intensively by pollination and with the help of daughter bulbs that form in the leaf axils and on the bottom of the mother bulb.
Goose onions - types and places of growth
The goose onion is widespread in North Africa and the temperate regions of the continent of Eurasia. About 100 species live within the above-described lands, four of them can be found on the territory of Russia:
- small goose bow;
- yellow goose onions;
- bulbous goose;
- reddish goose onions.
The listed species grow mainly in the European part of our country, as well as in Western Siberia. They prefer fresh humus soils, deciduous forests, alluvial meadows, pastures, forest edges, covered vegetation, groves, banks of streams and some rivers.
Goose onions - medicinal properties
Goose onions are a great addition to spring salad. It is he who will help to cope with vitamin deficiency. Fresh fragrant leaves are a priceless treasure, which has concentrated in itself a huge amount of essential vitamins and microelements, so necessary for a tired and weakened body.
However, goose onions are valuable not only for their nutritional qualities, but also healing properties... Since ancient times, grass and bulbs have been used to treat bronchial asthma, hepatitis, dropsy, edema and epilepsy, and crushed bulbs (externally) are used as an antiseptic, stretching and wound healing agent. After all, all parts of goose onions are rich in essential garlic oils, which include sulfur.
Goose onions - dosage forms
For medicinal purposes, the root part of the plant, that is, the bulb, is most often used. It is she who to a greater extent concentrates in herself a number of useful substances: fiber, sugars, phosphorus, calcium, saponins, organic acids and a huge complex of vitamins and microelements. The leaves are most often used to prepare various soups, salads and other spicy dishes.
Bulbs are harvested in early spring, before flowering, or in late autumn. For food purposes, it is harvested in late spring and early summer. For internal use, a universal onion broth is used, insect bites are treated with juice, chopped or grated onions are tied to foci of inflammation and poorly healing ulcers.
Goose onions - decoction recipe
In order to prepare a universal broth, you need to take a tablespoon of fresh chopped onions, pour 100 grams of them. boiling water and cook, stirring occasionally, over very low heat for three to five minutes. Then let it cool to room temperature and strain the contents. It is recommended to consume the healing infusion one table at a time. spoon 3-6 p. in a day. The broth should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees or in the refrigerator for no more than 24-36 hours.
A decoction to prevent epileptic seizures: to prepare it, you need to boil 130 gr. medium fat milk, add a few onions there and cook for 5 minutes. Then strain, cool and take 2-3 teaspoons three times a day. The medication is taken in courses (two weeks of admission are alternated with a 1-2 month break, depending on the severity of the disease).
Goose onions - contraindications
There are no contraindications to the use of preparations based on goose onions, no side effects are observed. In some cases, an allergic reaction to certain components may develop due to individual intolerance.
One of the first to delight in the spring with its bright color, so many want to see it in their own or just on. But, despite the pickiness, it still requires correct fit, and care.
Short description
It is a plant of the lily family. It has several names: bird onion, yellow snowdrop, yellow eider, yellow, yellow bell.
Did you know? One of the names of the Gagea plant comes from the name of the famous 19th century botanist T. Gage.
In order to distinguish it from others, you need to know the description of the goose bow.
He has: one oval onion with gray shells; bare stem up to 24 cm high; basal leaf up to 1 cm wide, above the inflorescence; top sheet sharp at the end, or linear, lanceolate; the inflorescence is represented by yellow-green flowers in the form of an umbrella. 
There can be up to 16 flowers per inflorescence, the lower side is green, the upper one is yellow, the perianth leaves are pointed, broad-leaved, up to 1.5 cm long, inside there are stamens, anthers and an ovary. The fruit of a goose is a small box with three sides. It grows in Eurasia and a little North Africa. Pollination and seed spreading occurs using. But they can also multiply by the appearance of daughter bulbs. You can use goose onions both in and in cooking, or cosmetology.
Seat selection
The yellow snowdrop grows both as a “wild” plant and how. You can meet him in, on the outskirts of fields, meadows, rocky terrain, ravines, along rivers and roads, in deciduous forests, parks and gardens.
Favorable for this plant will be fresh, loose, with a sufficient amount and normal water balance, soil that will not retain water.
should be moderate. An excellent option is to drop off where available. Since it is not picky to care for, it can be made from it, or planted along the curb. With humus with sufficient lighting, it can grow almost anywhere.
Yellow goose onions are propagated using bulbs and. The first ones produce daughter bulbs, they germinate in the third year after formation, in the following years they give a particularly large offspring, but after the sixth they can only spread by seed. It is worth sharing the nest of daughter bulbs only after the leaves have wilted.
Before planting, it is advisable to soak the bulbs in a solution, then dry them, place them in a pot or box and store in a cool, dark place. Thus, by the time of disembarkation, they will be in a "sleeping" state.
It is not necessary to bury the bulbs deeply at a distance of 2-3 cm, the space between the plants should not be less than 10-15 cm. Planting should be carried out in the fall, preferably in September. Since this plant also grows as "wild", planting and caring for goose onions does not require much effort, but there are still several rules that should be followed:
- Moderate. The plant is hygrophilous, but excessively moisturized can lead to rotting of the flower. Therefore, you need to regularly, but with a small amount of water, and use that does not retain it.
- Transfer.You can transplant the plant at any time, even during flowering. But at the same time, it is necessary to cut the flowers so that the plant does not waste energy on the formation of the capsule, but “concentrates” on taking root in a new place.
- Number.Many, planted next to each other, can lead to the fact that the goose onions turn into, which will be very difficult to get rid of.
When planted in the right place and following these tips, goose bows will bloom for many years. When and how it blooms
The second name of the goose onion, namely the yellow snowdrop, he received from the early flowering period.
Important! Flowering begins in April and lasts until May-June, then the fruits ripen in the form of capsules and seeds in them.
The inflorescence is represented by small yellow flowers from 2 to 16 pieces per plant. The perianth consists of 6 colored leaves that create 2 circles. Towards the middle, they are more yellow, greenish at the edges, flowers 2-4 cm in size. 
Inside there are 6 stamens and a stigma. Between the stamens and leaves, nectar is released, which attracts insects.
Combination with other plants
Since this plant is used as a decorative element in, on
