Gluing roofing material on bituminous mastic (Cold method). Roofing device from roofing material What bitumen is used for roofing material

When finishing the roof of an outbuilding, it would be nice to ask in advance how to glue the roofing material to the roofing material - it is with this material that the roof of utility buildings is most often laid.

It is clear that for a residential building, a thoughtful owner will select a more modern material that is more in line with his ideas about the comfort of living, comfort, aesthetics and reliability (for example, metal tiles or soft roofs - which have now become very popular with a wide part of the population).

Moreover, the flammability and low fire resistance of roofing material has long been alarming for almost all homeowners, especially those with real estate in the southern territories of the country, where the weather cannot be called cool in summer. But for a barn, warehouse or garage, especially not heated ones, roofing material, as a finishing material, still remains quite attractive and suitable for mass use as a roof finish.

Many of the homeowners do not disdain them and roofing works oh, for example, in a summer cottage - in winter the house is still empty, so special thermal insulation and a noble appearance from the roof are not required. Working with roofing material is only physically difficult - no special knowledge and professional skills are required from you. And another big plus that attracts people to itself.

The material for the price is one of the cheapest, if we are talking about its traditional execution, and not about the latest options products like roofing material made of modified bitumen based on polyester (this one costs an order of magnitude more expensive).

How to glue roofing felt to roofing felt when arranging a roof? Roofers offer a ton of options, from traditional to modern means. What you prefer is determined by you, based primarily on the calculated construction budget: both the type of roofing material purchased and the method of attaching it to the roof depend on the amount of funds.

Classics of the genre: homemade bituminous mastics:

For the most part, they are used when repairing old roofs or roofing on small buildings. Tempting for their extreme cheapness; scare away the need for cooking, and associated with a very likely injury.

There are two types of bituminous mastics.

Cold: BN-90/10 bitumen is placed in an appropriate container and melted to a liquid state. The most important thing at this stage is to catch the right moment when the whole mass has melted and there are no solid fragments left in it, but the coking process has not yet begun - in this case, bitumen is no longer suitable for gluing roofing material. The formation of steam in the initial stages is normal, this is the water accumulated by bitumen. Grayish smoke is also a standard feature. But when the hissing stops and the first bubble appears, the tank is removed from the fire.

The molten bitumen cools down to about 85 Celsius (as it stops boiling after being removed from the fire - you can continue further).

A solvent is added to it, and the mass is kneaded until completely homogeneous. The solvent is usually diesel fuel, kerosene or gasoline. It takes 7 kilograms for every 3 kilos of bitumen.

Cold mastic is used for gluing in a warm, but not hot state. It remains liquid even when cooled down to 20 degrees. Therefore, it is safer to work with it, although the degree of adhesion of roofing material layers is considered to be lower.

hot

• It will take at least three hours to prepare hot mastic, a thicker-walled vessel for cooking and a ladle, usually constructed from a tin can screwed to a long pole.
• Pieces of bitumen are loaded into the tank so that they fill a little more than half of its volume.
• When the foam ceases to form, filler additives are introduced into the molten composition: talc, asbestos, peat crumbs, chalk, limestone, etc. By weight, for every 8 kg of bitumen, there are 1.5 kg of additives. Before the introduction, the fillers must be sieved so as not to accidentally pour in too large pieces.
• The mass is regularly kneaded; floating debris is caught with a scoop.
• At the end of cooking, oil is poured in at the rate of a pound per the ratio of the remaining components indicated above.

After mixing, the mastic can be used, but only when hot. Therefore, they prefer to cook it right on the roof and keep it on fire to avoid cooling. The risk of scalding with the composition or getting burned on the “pan”, as you understand, is very high.

Nevertheless, despite the laboriousness and unsafe preparation, bituminous mastics are popular and widely used.

Modern options

Note that the insecurity of old bituminous mastics prompted the construction industry to develop alternative ways to connect roofing material layers. Today, the market offers a variety of mastics and adhesives for this material that do not need a hot cooking stage.

They are also based on bitumen, however, it is supplemented with rubbers or other polymers already mixed with a solvent and completely ready for use. Usually they are sold in pairs with primers, the action of which is similar to the action of primers when carrying out paint and varnish work. The use of bitumen-rubber mastics greatly simplifies the overlap of the roof.

• If the old roof is restored, all protruding remnants of the previous coating are cleaned off, the surface gets rid of dirt and is degreased.
• The base is smeared with a primer and left to soak. Depending on the manufacturer, this takes from 2.5 to 3.5 hours.
• Mastic is applied to the roof, and without gaps. Every centimeter must be missed. The thickness of the mastic layer is again determined by the manufacturer.
• The roofing material is rolled out over the surface with pressing over the entire plane. Individual strips are overlapped; the edges overlapping each other are also smeared with the composition and rolled.
• Mastics can be cold and hot method of application. In the latter case, the entire structure, consisting of bitumen-rubber mastic and roofing material, is heated by a burner. It is more convenient, no doubt, to use the cold one, which does not require additional equipment, even if it is somewhat more expensive.

Super modern way: In order not to think about how to glue the roofing material to the roofing material, not to look for the necessary compositions, not to stock up on firewood with thick-walled containers and not to rent special equipment, you can spend money on self-adhesive roofing material. It initially has a sticky layer protected by a film. And the only thing you will need to take care of is the gradual removal of protection so that the layer of glue applied does not dry out prematurely.

With a large number of modern roofing materials offered on the building materials market, roofing material traditionally occupies one of the leading places. This is due to the following advantages over others:

• cheapness;

• ease of installation;

• low costs for sealing joints;

• the possibility of using it for waterproofing.

The disadvantages include the relatively short service life of this coating.

The laying of roofing material and the sealing of joints used to be carried out by the most in a simple way: a roll of roofing material was rolled out and the joints were nailed through a wooden plank. The connection turned out to be loose and short-lived. Molten resin was also used, which made the execution of the work very dangerous.

The appearance on the market of modern compositions for performing this type of work made it possible to perform such coatings even for non-professionals and with less risk. To do this, they began to use a special glue for roofing material. To perform laying and hermetic connection of roofing material modern materials you need to know what this glue is, what types of it exist, how to properly prepare the composition before use, and some other features of use.

Properties

Glue for roofing material is an adhesive mass, which consists of several components. As a rule, solvent, filler and various additives. It is used for gluing roofing material to various surfaces, as well as for sealing the joints of this material. The main advantage of using this material is the absence of air pockets at the joints of the roofing material.

There are a large number of adhesive manufacturers on the market. Each of the brands has its own advantages, but the main task does not change. Here are a few of them:

• "Technonikol".

• ASKOWIL.

• Lepik na zimno.

Material types

Distinguish glue of cold application and hot.

Glue for roofing material of cold application is used with slight heating. If the temperature is lower than indicated, then before use it must be kept in a warm room for at least a day.

Hot must be used only when heated and used very quickly, before it solidifies.

Glue for roofing material "TechnoNIKOL" does not require preliminary preparation, it can be used at temperatures from +5 to +35 degrees.

Preparing the adhesive for use

Preparation of the composition before use for different kind glue is different. Cold glue for roofing material is sold almost ready for use. It is heated to a low temperature, a solvent is added and mixed, after which it is ready.

Hot is prepared as follows: bitumen is placed in a thick-walled vessel and heated over low heat. After melting the main substance, add the necessary components and cook at a low temperature according to the instructions.

How to glue roofing material?

To use any type of glue, it is necessary to prepare the surface: clean it from dust, dirt, crumbs, putty pits, surface irregularities. To get a good result, it is desirable to apply a primer. Let dry.

Bituminous glue for roofing material is applied to the prepared surface, roofing material is laid on top, smoothing from the center to the edges so that there are no bubbles. If there are still bubbles, you need to pierce them, release the air and press this place tightly. After solidification - release.

Hot glue is harder to work with. It must be used before it hardens.

To create a tight connection between the laying sheets, it is necessary to make the connection not end-to-end, but overlapping, leading one sheet to another by about 10 cm. The seam must also be smeared with glue. In this case, you can get a reliable tight connection.

In all cases, when working with glue, regardless of manufacturers and types, you must follow the general rules:

• do not carry out work near open flames;

• perform work with the use of respiratory protection;

• when using hot glue, work in overalls that protect against burns.

For a more secure fit of the roofing material, you can use a hand roller. This will create a stronger fit and eliminate the chance of air getting inside.

Ruberoid refers to rolled materials for waterproofing the roof and foundation by sticking to the base. Glue for roofing material is a special bituminous mastics of various manufacturers. There are two ways of laying TechnoNIKOL roofing material: hot and cold. The first method involves heating the mastic immediately before sticking the waterproofing agent. Installation by the second method is performed on cold glue. This is the easiest way to install waterproofing. Roofing nails for fixing the material in modern construction are not used.

Adhesive mastic is used (click to enlarge)

Roofing material laying methods

Bituminous mastic is a liquid mixture of several components, which includes bitumen and solvent, various technical additives and fillers. Manufacturers offer two types of glue: for hot and cold laying methods. The first type of mastics allows for slight heating of the adhesive mixture during the gluing process. The second type of adhesive for euroroofing material needs to be heated to a certain temperature for maximum adhesion. Mastics for laying waterproofing with a hot method must be heated to 200 ° C. They are suitable for bonding soft roof, waterproofing of walls, ceilings and other structural elements of buildings.

Watch the video for more information:

Fastening to the roof with roofing nails does not create sufficient adhesion between the layers of rolled materials. At the joints, gaps with layers of air are formed. Such fastening requires the use of several layers of a waterproofing agent, while the quality of the finished coating is much worse than when laying on adhesive compositions. Mastics carefully glue rolled materials, securely fastening the layers to each other and to the base, forming a single monolithic coating with high waterproofing characteristics. When laying waterproofing using a cold method, the temperature of + 6-35 ° C is considered the best, when hot - within + 5-15 ° C.

Most often, roofing material is heated (click to enlarge)

Mastic for laying roofing material

The cost of mastics for cold stickers is more expensive than those for hot flooring. "Cold" glue is ready for use immediately after opening the container, it does not harden for a long time. For laying waterproofing, lining material and roofing material for external laying are used. In the process of repairing a roof, they are often interested in how to glue the roofing material more reliably? The range of mastics for this purpose includes:

Advice! When working with any type of mastic, it is imperative to use a respirator, goggles and gloves. When using the adhesive composition in the room, high-quality ventilation must be provided.

Features of work performance

How to glue roofing material? Laying roofing material on mastic is possible only on clean and even grounds. Laying on brick, concrete, cement screed and other solid bases is allowed. The surface is thoroughly cleaned of dust and dirt, rust, then dried. All irregularities must be eliminated, cracks are closed cement mortar. The old exfoliated roofing material is removed, and the swollen places are notched crosswise.

Tools for working with mastic must be prepared in advance. If you have any difficulties with laying, you do not know how to apply glue correctly, use these tips. If the mastic was stored at temperatures up to +5 °, it is brought into a warm room for a day for uniform heating. The adhesive is applied in an even layer on the prepared substrate using a notched trowel. The layer thickness is controlled by the approximate consumption regulated by the manufacturer. Thoroughly coat the joints of the canvases with each other, with the wall and other structural elements, otherwise leaks are possible. A sheet of roofing material is glued only after applying glue over the entire surface of the base, sufficient in area for its installation.

You can learn about the features of the work from the video:

The material is placed on the roof across the slope on cold mastic and pressed over the entire surface with a roller so that it fits snugly against all structural elements. Work is carried out from the bottom of the slope, the joints are carefully controlled. At the joints of the strips, the canvas is overlapped by 10 cm. If necessary, the glued roofing material at the joints is additionally smeared with mastic.

Do-it-yourself mastic for roofing material

Cold mastic is prepared from bitumen and solvent in a ratio of 3 kg to 7 kg, respectively. Pre-oil bitumen is heated until complete dissolution, after which it is allowed to cool to 85 °. A solvent is added to it. Suitable gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene. The mixture is thoroughly mixed. Such glue is ideal for minor roof repairs, as it has an increased consumption compared to a hot counterpart.

Watch the video for more information:

Hot mastic is prepared differently. Bitumen in the amount of 8 kg is placed in a container. The reservoir must be of sufficient volume so that it is only filled up to 60%. Pieces of bitumen are gradually heated. Then add 1.5 kg of filler.

As a filler, talc, peat chips, alabaster, limestone, chalk and other materials are used. Fillers are pre-screened to prevent debris from entering the container. Next, add 0.5 kg of used oil and mix thoroughly. The temperature in the bucket is maintained at 200°C. The resulting mixture will reliably glue any rolled material, including soft roofing.

Important! Hot mastic needs constant heating throughout the entire process of laying the roll material. It is prepared in a thick-walled container. A standard bucket is unsuitable, it will quickly burn out.

Mastics for cold and hot stickers of roofing felt technical parameters are not inferior to each other. "Hot" adhesives require additional time to prepare for application. If the flooring laying technology is observed, the roof with new waterproofing is guaranteed to last more than 5 years without the need for repair. The service life of such a roof with timely care and in-line repairs is 25 years or more.

Roofing material among builders is considered the most reliable roofing material among low-price products. It is made on the basis of durable roofing paper impregnated with petroleum bitumen and then sprinkled with armor chips. At the moment, manufacturers produce several dozen brands of roofing material, which is used to cover household and industrial buildings, garden and country houses. If you decide to use this material for roofing, you will need mastic for roofing material. In this article we will tell you what kind of composition it is, what types it is, and also how it is used.

Ruberoid refers to rolled roofing materials, it is made on the basis of special cardboard with a density of 200-420 g/m2 and petroleum bitumen. It is used to create a reliable, strong and durable waterproofing coating, each layer of which increases the protective functions of the material. Roofing material is laid in 3 main ways:

• Mechanical. Laying and fixing roofing material with roofing nails is called mechanical. Previously, this technology was popular due to the lack of worthy alternatives. However, it is irrational to fix each layer of material, violating the integrity of the roofing material. This method of fastening reduces the service life and waterproofing properties.
• Welding. Laying of roofing material with the help of welding requires the use of special equipment, it cannot be performed on combustible substrates. This technology involves the use of roofing felt grades, on the underside of which low-melting bitumen is applied, which is melted by a gas burner during installation.
• Gluing. The installation of roofing material by gluing is carried out using special composition called mastic. Each layer of the waterproofing coating is smeared with this bituminous substance, and after drying it is firmly glued. Currently, this method is considered the most reliable, since it results in a seamless, monolithic roof.

Note! Using bituminous mastic of your own preparation or purchased in a store allows you to get a reliable waterproofing coating that does not allow moisture to pass through. Each glued layer of roofing material increases the protective properties and service life of the roofing material.

Types of mastic

Bituminous mastic is an indispensable composition with which roofing material is laid. It is used to glue the layers of the roofing cake together to form a monolithic, durable, strong waterproofing coating. The price of bituminous mastic is low, however, if desired, it is easy to prepare with your own hands. There are 2 forms of release:

Please note! When making mastic with your own hands, you need to monitor the temperature and condition of the bitumen. If it bubbles and emits yellow smoke, it has begun the process of coking. The use of such bitumen is not recommended. When the optimum temperature is maintained, the bitumen will sizzle slightly, releasing gray smoke.

Composition and use of mastic

The composition of bituminous mastic is simple, it consists of bitumen, solvents and various structuring additives (chalk, asbestos, peat chips, talc). It is used for mounting roofing felt by gluing. There are 2 types of mastic, cold and hot, which are distinguished by price, composition and form of release. They are considered a multifunctional tool for the following tasks:

Important! Mastic based on oil bitumen is an additional waterproofing in the roofing cake of the roofing material. With the help of this composition, the layers of material are reliably glued together without the formation of air bubbles, bumps, forming a monolithic, seamless "carpet".

Video instruction

Ruberoid has been used for roofing for a very long time and during this time it has gained fame as the most reliable budget material. At the heart of the roofing material is roofing cardboard impregnated with oil bitumen and covered with a special crumb. This material is successfully used for roofing work at household or industrial facilities.

For the installation and repair of a roofing felt coating, it is necessary to use special mastics, presented on the market in the widest range. About how to seal the roofing material on the roof, and will be discussed in this article.

The technology of laying roofing material on the roof

Ruberoid is rolled roofing material, for the manufacture of which special cardboard with a density of 200-420 g / m2 and bitumen are used. The combination of these materials allows you to create a fairly reliable waterproofing material, the efficiency of which increases with the number of stacked layers.

Installation of roofing material can be carried out in three ways:

1. Mechanical. This technology of laying roofing felt on the roof is the most traditional and has been used for a very long time, due to the lack of alternatives. The mechanical installation of the roofing material consists in fastening the material with the help of roofing nails. The method is quite simple to implement, but not very effective in terms of durability of the structure - the presence of holes in the roofing material negatively affects its waterproofing properties.
2. surfacing. Fused roofing technology has some limitations: firstly, special equipment is required for coating, and secondly, this method is not suitable for combustible substrates. The installation technology involves the use of a gas burner, which heats up the adhesive layer on the underside of the roofing material.
3. gluing. To implement this method, various mastics with adhesive properties are used. All stacked layers of roofing material are smeared with bituminous mastic and securely glued to the roof surface. This method is by far considered the most effective, since the result is a monolithic roofing material overlap on the roof.

Classification of mastics

Mastic for roofing material is an adhesive composition that allows you to reliably and tightly lay layers of roofing material. There are a lot of branded mastics that can be purchased ready-made, and if necessary, you can make a similar composition yourself. However, this does not make much sense - most mastics have a fairly low cost.

Mastic for roofing felt on the roof is made in two forms:

1. Cold. Cold mastics are distinguished by the fact that they can be applied without preheating. In addition to bitumen, the composition of such mastics includes a solvent (gasoline, kerosene or diesel fuel). To prepare such compositions on your own, you need to take bitumen and solvent in a ratio of 3: 7, melt the bitumen and mix with the solvent. After cooling, the resin for roofing material retains a liquid consistency. As a rule, cold mastics are more expensive, and their consumption is higher, so it is advisable to use such compositions only for minor repairs or installation of roofing material on a small roof.
2. hot. For the manufacture of hot mastics, solid bitumen is used, which must be preheated during application. The manufacturing process looks like this: a thick-walled container is filled with bitumen about half and heated over low heat with the gradual addition of additives and oil. It takes more time to create hot mastic, and you can work with it only if it is warmed up. Such compositions are optimally suited for the treatment of surfaces with a large area - this is much more economical compared to cold mastics.

When creating mastic with your own hands, you need to carefully monitor the temperature and consistency of bitumen. If the material is processed correctly, it will emit gray light smoke and a slight hiss. In the presence of yellow smoke or bubbles, it is better to refrain from using such a composition.

Using mastic for roofing

Roofing mastics are needed to perform the following tasks:

• Gluing roofing material. The mastic applied to the underside of the roofing material ensures its fixation on the roof. Each layer must be treated with mastic, and when laying, the material must be smoothed so that bubbles do not form under it. Roofing material laid on bituminous mastic provides reliable waterproofing of the roof.
• Base priming. Bituminous mastic is well suited for priming the roof base, which is necessary to increase adhesion between materials. Such processing is especially important if the roofing material will be laid on a concrete surface, which is distinguished by the presence of pores and a not very smooth surface.
• Roof repair. If the roof was made of roofing material, then bituminous mastics are quite suitable for its repair. The fact is that during operation, the roofing material acquires minor damage, to eliminate which a small amount of bituminous composition will be enough.
• Coating waterproofing. Mastics can be used as a separate material to create a waterproofing layer that protects a certain surface from moisture.

Conclusion

Bituminous mastics are actively used for laying roofing material, which increase the waterproofing properties of the coating and ensure its seamless connection. It is very simple to work with such compositions, and if necessary, you can create them yourself, observing the necessary proportions and maintaining the optimum temperature.