Building drainage system calculator - what it is and what it is eaten with. Calculation of the internal drainage of a flat roof How to calculate the drainage system of a roof
The internal drainage system is a whole complex of elements that perform a specific function. The whole structure works as follows: water flows into the gutters, through which it enters directly into the funnels. The correct calculation of the drain is impossible without data on the funnels, which are considered an important link in the entire structure.
The funnel of the internal drain is a component of the structure into which the water that has fallen into the upper part of the catchment is drained. The element is located longitudinally to the roof axis at the lowest point of the roof, which is hermetically connected to the downpipe. The main purpose of the component is to remove water from the roof. Funnels are of two types: flat and in the form of a cap. The former are used on a flat surface, the latter - on roofs with a slope.
The funnel may not be represented in singular. According to SNiP, the number of components on a flat roof must be at least two. The general requirement depends on the diameter of the downpipe: one ordinary pipe should have no more than 250 square meters. m. roof.
Factors affecting the amount
A correct calculator that makes an efficient calculation must meet the following requirements:
- If there are no obstacles between the downpipes to expand the gutter to 12 meters, then one funnel will be enough;
- If the distance from the blind area to the downpipe is more than 12 meters and has no obstacles, then two or more components are needed;
- If the gutter is not connected to the downpipes, but covers the building along the perimeter, then joint development of funnels and compensators is needed.
The main factor that the calculation procedure should take into account: the number of funnels directly depends on parameters such as the diameter of the drainpipe and the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof. The latter depend on the height of the building and the number of places where water flows. General formula calculation can be represented as follows:
1 component = 0.75 sq. m flat roof and 1 sq. see pipes. Example: given a roof area of 100 sq. m and 125 sq. see pipes. Based on the ratio, we get approximately 130 funnels for a hundred-meter roof area.
Knowing the diameter of the drain pipes and the coverage area, you can calculate the number of components that will later help in calculating the drain for the roof, because the funnel is one of the main components of the entire structure.
Calculation of the entire structure
For calculation drainage system you need to know the following characteristics:
- roof area;
- Temperature minimum in winter;
- Average annual rainfall.
These parameters must be known in order to calculate the drainage system. The entire structure of the drain consists of brackets, funnels and gutters. Therefore, the formula that calculates the drainage system of the roof must include information about the component parts of the system. In terms of funnels, the dependency looks like this:
- If the diameter is 80 mm, then the water flow is approximately 5 l / s .;
- If the diameter of the funnel is 100 mm, then water is consumed at a rate of 12 l/s;
- With a diameter of 150 mm, the water flow is considered to be 35 l / s.
Knowing how to calculate the number of funnels, you can calculate the approximate amount of water consumption of the entire structure. For an outdoor drain that loses popularity over time, different rules apply, and therefore the calculated result will be different. A calculator that calculates the internal drain and takes into account such a component as a funnel helps to obtain complete information about the entire structure.
From the name it is clear that this system is designed to drain water from the roof of a building. In the article we will explain why it is necessary to install a drain and give instructions for its calculation.
Do you need a drainage system?
Some developers claim that there is no great need to install a drainage system. Firstly, this will lead to material costs, and secondly, installation of the system is also not the cheapest pleasure. In other words, water from the roof should flow freely to the blind area, and later to the ground. A truly special water drainage system is not needed if:
- increase the roof overhang to 0.7-0.8m;
- perform high-quality waterproofing of the foundation and basement walls;
- use moisture- and frost-resistant material as lining of the plinth (for example, clinker tiles, natural stone or ground siding)
- provide the necessary slope of the blind area in the direction opposite to the house;
Considering the cost of additional work and the materials in this list, you can understand that installing a roof gutter system will be much cheaper. Also, do not forget about a comfortable pastime near the building. Without a drain during heavy rain, it will be extremely difficult to get into the house.
Gutter elements
Gutter elements- The gutter acts as the main water receiver from the roof;
- Brackets are necessary for attaching the gutter: short to the frontal board, long ones are mounted directly on the crate;
- The gutter connector has a rubber seal and is required for a sealed gutter joint;
- The plug prevents water from escaping beyond the extreme gutters, thereby all the runoff from the roof enters only the funnels;
- Gutter funnel - connecting element between the gutter and downpipe;
- A pipe elbow is necessary to turn the pipe to the facade of the building for easy fastening, it is installed on 2 sides of the connecting pipe;
- The connecting pipe is cut to a certain length, depending on the width of the roof overhang;
- The drainpipe carries out a vertical drain of water;
- The pipe holder fixes it to the wall of the building;
- An outlet defines the direction of water flow from a downpipe
Calculation of the drainage system
In order to make an independent calculation of the drainage system, it is necessary first of all to measure the distance at which the drain will be installed in the future. In case of gable roof it is enough to know the width of the slopes (for the gutter) and the height from the eaves to the bottom of the house (for the sewer).
After all the required dimensions are known, you can begin to calculate this material.
You should start by counting one of the main elements of the drainage system - gutters. As a rule, its length is 3m, but there may be differences depending on the manufacturer. Let's look at the example of a house with pitched roof size 6 by 16, where 16 meters is the length of the eaves, 6m is the length of the slope.
Drainage calculation By simple division, rounding up to a larger number, we get that in this case we need 6 gutters: 16/3=6. In the same way, you can calculate the amount for other sizes. It is worth noting that it is not necessary to calculate the whole number of gutters, the remaining trimmings can be successfully used for another building.
The next step is to find out how much hooks(holders) for the gutter. The average distance at which they are mounted is 0.7 meters. Similarly, we get that the brackets need 16 / 0.7 = 23.
Stubs very easy to calculate. For this form of roof, their number will be 2 pieces.
Also, to increase the tightness of the drainage system, install gutter connectors with a rubber gasket. You will need 5 items in total.
In order to find out the exact number of funnels, carrying out the flow of water from the gutter to the drain pipe, must be taken into account important point: each element of the drain should not account for more than 50 m2 roof. In other words, if in this case you have a slope longer than 6 meters, it is better to install 2 funnels on each side of the house. Otherwise, the entire system will not perform its functions 100%, and in the future, water may leak through the gutter. In our case, you should install funnels in the amount of 2 pieces.
Quantity pipe elbows calculated according to the rule: 3 for each funnel. One of them will serve as a branch and be located at the very bottom of the pipe.
Like the gutters, the pipes are about 3 meters long and there are also connecting elements (1 meter long) that are mounted between 2 knees and are designed to bypass the roof overhang. Accordingly, you can easily find out how many pipes are needed for a particular drainage system.
Don't forget to attach the pipe. They need 1 piece for each meter of pipe.
For more complex roofs the drain is calculated individually using additional elements such as the corner of the gutter (external and internal), pipe tee, etc. We hope that this article will help you decide how many components you need for the drainage of a private house, cottage or bath.
A large amount of rain falls on the roof of any building.
So that they then do not flow down the walls and do not seep into the ground under the foundation of the house, it is necessary to arrange reliable system drainage.
In total, there are two types of drainage systems in construction:
- unorganized;
- organized.
When water flows down the slopes of the roof directly onto the blind area of the building, this is called an unorganized system.
When a gutter structure is installed on the roof and water is discharged into certain place, then such a system is called organized.
Unorganized drainage is mainly used on flat roofs.
The advantage of this method is only one - you do not need to spend money on gutters, pipes, fixtures and work.
And there are a lot of shortcomings!
Water contributes to the destruction of walls, plinth, blind area.
The foundation wears out much ahead of schedule.
If people walk under the house, then the water falls directly on them.
An organized drainage system from the roof of a house is a completely different matter!
Water does not enter structural elements at home and they serve as much as possible.
After all, special drainage units are installed to drain water and the water goes to a specially organized place.
Also, the drainage system has certain aesthetic functions.
The house, on which the drainage structure is not installed, has an unfinished view.
It looks as if there were no curtains hung in the room.
And if the type of drain is chosen correctly in terms of design, then it will become an additional decoration of the house.
How to calculate correctly
Where does the calculation of the water runoff begin?
The main characteristic of the drainage system is its throughput.
That is, a certain amount of water that the system can easily remove from your roof.
Let's look at an example of how the calculation is performed.
We calculate the area of water disposal.
First you need to calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof from which water must be drained:
S \u003d 5.5 x 12.5 \u003d 68.75 square meters. meters.
Now we use the formula:
Q \u003d S x q / 10000 \u003d 68.75 x 267 / 10000 \u003d 1.84 liters / sec.
The number 267 is the maximum rainfall intensity.
Each region has its own.
Now we take a table that shows the throughput of the systems:
| Gutter system | Bandwidth qn (l/s) | Bandwidth qn (l/s) | Disposal area S (m2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stand on the corner of the house | Riser in the center of the wall | |||
| X1 | 1,91 | 71,54 | 3,82 | 143,07 |
| X2 | 3,09 | 115,73 | 6,18 | 231,46 |
| x3 | 4,78 | 179,03 | 9,56 | 358,05 |
| X4 | 7,49 | 280,52 | 14,98 | 561,05 |
And we select a specific system.
For our drainage area, the X1 system will be the most effective.
That is, when the riser is installed on the corner of the building.
Such a system has a throughput of 1.91 liters / sec.
Knowing our throughput, it is easy to calculate the required number of risers:
N = Q / qn = 1.84 / 1.91 = 0.96.
That is, one riser is quite enough for us.
Video about the gutter system of the roof
Sergey Novozhilov - expert in roofing materials with 9 years of experience practical work in the field of engineering solutions in construction.
- House length (cm) (L)
- House height (cm) (H
- Number of corners of the house
To find out the exact price for the Alta-Profil gutter system, you can call the nearest partner of our company in your region - all phones and addresses are located on a special page. And so that you can make a preliminary estimate of the cost of materials for installing a drainage system, we offer you a convenient online calculator.
What do you need to calculate the drainage system using a calculator? Just prepare the initial data about your project and enter it into the fields of the calculator. The result obtained depends on the accuracy of the following parameters:
- The number of roof slopes - depends on the type of roof (gable, tent, hip, mansard, etc.);
- The length of the lower perimeter of the roof slopes;
- The height of the walls from the lower edge of the basement to the overhangs of the roof slope.
Using our calculator, you will find out the approximate cost of gutters, which is also influenced by other factors. For example, this is the choice of the design of the drainage system (Elite or Standard), the material of the walls of the building. Also important are the possibility and methods of installing fasteners, the presence or absence of a storm system, protrusions on the walls, the distance between the roof overhangs and the wall of the building. All this information will be required in order to clarify the calculation of the drain in the future when ordering material and select the necessary set of elements for its installation.
How to calculate the drainage system?
Upload date: 2014-12-29
How to choose the elements of the drain?
The number of types of elements is quite large, and they cost differently. But in each case, you will need your own configuration option in order to assemble reliable and efficient plastic gutters. The cost of such a kit in its final form can only be made by a specialist - after careful measurements and evaluation design features buildings.
One of the important protective measures that contribute to increasing the life of the facade, base and roofing of the building is robust construction drainage of atmospheric precipitation from the surface of roofs.
Only correctly and competently made calculation of the drainage system can become the key to a comfortable and long-term stay in the house. Possession of knowledge regarding the calculations of components for the assembly of a drainage structure helps to optimize the costs of its creation.
Types of drainage systems
Structures for draining water from buildings, depending on the slope, parameters and type of roof, are:
- organized;
- disorganized.
When calculating the elements of external drainage systems, a number of rules are followed:
- gutters are allowed to be mounted on the roof, in which the angle of inclination of the slopes is not less than 15 degrees;
- the slope of the gutter in the longitudinal direction must be at least 2%;
- the height of the sides of the gutters cannot be less than 120 millimeters;
- the diameter of the pipe is determined at the rate of 1.5 cm² of cross section per 1 m² of the roof;
- the gap between the pipes cannot exceed 24 meters.
The above rules apply exclusively to drainage systems installed on the roofs of buildings located in regions where the likelihood that the water will freeze is minimal.
Regardless of the climatic zone, experts advise organizing internal drains with external fluid drainage systems, which consist of the following elements:
- risers;
- funnels;
- outlet pipes;
- release.
drainage system depending on functional purpose and configurations can be supplemented with various accessories.
Determination of the number of funnels
The purpose of internal drainage structures is to remove water from the roof surface at any outside temperature, regardless of the amount of precipitation. Next, the liquid must be redirected to the rain or municipal sewer.
The number of drain funnels per roof area is calculated as follows: 1 product must be installed per 0.75 m². For internal systems these elements are placed along the longitudinal axis of the roof. Both funnels and risers are not mounted in external walls, since in winter time they may freeze.
When determining the number of funnels, a number of conditions are taken into account:
- When there are no obstacles for the linear expansion of the gutter, the length of which does not exceed 12 meters, mount 1 funnel;
- With a gutter length of 12 meters or more and the presence of obstacles, a compensating funnel is placed at the end of the slope;
- If the gutter is laid along the perimeter of the building, joint installation of both compensators and funnels is carried out.
Funnels are calculated on the basis of passport data regarding their size, method of fixation and throughput. It must be remembered that the number of these elements always corresponds to the number of pipes in the drainage system.
Calculation of pipes, number of gutters and fasteners
Before proceeding with the installation of an external drainage structure, it is necessary to examine the house for features in its architecture. It is impossible that the drainage system of drainage from the roof violates the appearance of the house. If it does not fit into the facade of the building, it is better to place it on the back side. For this purpose, special accessories available on the market are used.
It is necessary to begin the calculation of the drainage system by determining the area of \u200b\u200bthe roofing surface from which precipitation will be removed. For this, simple geometric formulas are used. It is generally accepted that a 100 mm downpipe is able to cope with the removal of liquid from a roof area of up to 220 m².
The size of the section of the gutters is determined taking into account the angle of the slope. The steeper the slope, the higher the side of the gutter should be. This is due to the increase in the area from which precipitation is collected.
To determine the number of gutters, you need to know the length of the eaves and the dimensions of the components sold on the market. Plastic products, as a rule, they are sold with a length of 3 or 4 meters, galvanized -2 meters. For example, the length of the cornice is 14 meters, then you need to purchase 7 galvanized gutters or 3 plastic 4 meters each and 1 three meters long. Couplings for docking take one less than gutters.
To determine the number of hooks for fastening, use the formula:
N=(L - 0.3):(0.6 +1), while:
N is the desired value;
The number of downpipes is found using the formula:
N pipes \u003d (0.2 × N eaves - N bend + L insert): L pipes, where:
H cornice - the distance between it and the ground;
H bend - the height of the pipe bend;
L inserts - the length of the funnel insert;
L pipes - the length of the pipe (usually 3 or 4 meters).
To secure each piece of downpipes, use at least 2 clamps.
We take into account the length and area of \u200b\u200bthe roof
When calculating the internal drainage, based on the pipe section, for example, for a drainage system gable roof, you need to know the maximum amount of liquid that can drain from the roof surface. To do this, measure the area of both slopes and multiply by the maximum possible amount of precipitation characteristic of the region.
You can use a simplified calculation when it is assumed that there is one "square" of the roof per 1 cm² of the pipe section.
A well-timed competent calculation of the gutter structure for the roof of their own household allows the owners to save a considerable amount of money by optimizing the acquisition of components and components.
