Why do we need rods in door and window openings? Metal rods in openings Inserting rods window and door openings

A house made of timber, according to the customer, should be incredibly warm and cozy by default. A knowledgeable person understands that for this you still need to try. Experienced builders, professionals in their field know firsthand about this. What should be done to make a house made of timber really warm? Let's talk about this and what dangers good, naive customers can face on the way to the dream of a cozy country house.

Warm corner: significance, execution technology and tricks of builders

A warm corner is a way of fastening beams during construction wooden house. Its advantages:

Eliminates the possibility of cracks;
Does not blow and let the cold into the room;
It is easy to perform and takes no more time than other methods.

In addition to this method, “butt-to-butt” are also practiced, in half a tree and dovetail. According to their advantages, a warm corner wins in everything and any normal customer will choose his name for his home. And here the most interesting begins. No, resourceful builders will not dissuade you from such a choice. They will do better (for themselves) - they will call you a tidy sum. But what if you want to get a really warm house? Stay away from these kind people! Conscientious builders will never charge extra for this - this is already their work and you will definitely have time to pay for it. True, in fairness and unnecessary overpayments.

Nagels: making the house even stronger

Nagels are special pins that make the timber “sit in place” even after shrinkage. What is the principle of working with dowels? In order for the result of their use to be positive, you need to follow the order - the pins are installed perpendicularly every two crowns, pre-drilling holes in the timber. That is, they laid it down, fixed it with dowels every 1.5 - 2 meters and again 2 crowns. Pins are made of wood, mostly hardwood. Someone saves and instead of ready-made pins uses improvised means: fittings, pipes or rolled metal. It is undesirable to allow this - it is impossible to predict the consequences 100%.

Today you can often hear that dowels are outdated and completely irrelevant technology. But the fact remains - it is this method of joining logs or timber that remains the most reliable. Moreover, it has stood the test of time.

Royki: working with window and door openings

Another important stage in construction is working with swarms. Usually, these are bars measuring 50x50 mm. A groove is sawn in the wall, namely, in the opening. This is where the rods are inserted. They will help keep the wall stable. In order for the shrinkage process to go without consequences even with swarms, it is necessary to leave about 2 centimeters above the bar in the window opening, and 5 in the doorway. This space is enough for the bars to fall into place. If you do not leave space, one of the logs or beams will hang and thereby provoke the appearance of a gap. What warm house if there are gaps in it?

But this technology should not be neglected. If the rods are not installed, the deformation of the wall at the opening is inevitable.

Builders' mistakes: real and possible

In order not to learn from your mistakes and the mistakes that will be made during the construction of your house, look at others. A very real picture: a wooden block was installed in the window opening as a rod. Shrinkage has passed, and the wall has bent and become convex. What's wrong? The fact is that the wooden rod collapsed and simply ceased to fulfill its task - to strengthen the opening. To avoid such an unpleasant situation, give preference to metal rods. It is especially important to use them when strengthening doorways– there is much more workload.

Maybe this: greedy workers offer you to install swarms for a certain amount. You, of course, out of ignorance, will refuse. Why pay extra money? After all, "and so it will stand normally." This absolutely cannot be done! Maybe in the first year nothing will happen to the walls. But after all, a house is not built for a year, not for 5, and not even for 10 years! Think ahead and play it safe - install swarms. Just not for a fee. Now we'll tell you why.

Forewarned is forearmed

Be careful about offers to make high-quality cuts for money or for a "symbolic" fee, use not a "dovetail" or "butt-to-butt" when laying the beams, but a "warm corner". This work is done by default and you don't have to pay for it!

Conscientious and responsible builders from serious companies who value their name will do everything in at its best. You won't even hear questions - do you need roks or a warm corner - they just do it. Of course, there are cases when the customers themselves refuse to strengthen window and door openings. The construction company has the right to issue a receipt, where the customer indicates that he refuses this work. So, the developer disclaims responsibility for further consequences, and the future owner of the house runs the risk of encountering problematic timber shrinkage.

And your house will be cozy, strong and durable, because now you know exactly what dowels, royki are for and what a “warm corner” is.

It's no secret that profiled timber is a natural, living material. This is the main reason for the special love of private developers for him. Timber houses have a lot of advantages and few disadvantages. The main ones are susceptibility to shrinkage, drying out and the appearance of cracks. This is because a solid timber loses its natural moisture over time, dries out. The process is imperceptible to the naked eye, but the building structures react to shrinkage processes. Openings for windows, doors, and gates were especially sensitive to the draft of the building.

Ready-made projects of houses made of timber, or made on an individual basis, should provide for protective measures in order to avoid distortion of openings during operation. As an option - the use of thoroughly dried timber during the construction of the house. It gives less shrinkage. More effective method- install slats for window and door openings. It's great when the developer has the opportunity to use both methods in combination.

What are roki?

Rocks are called beams, usually of square section. It is installed in specially sawn, vertically located, slots in the end parts of a window or door opening. Mounting the rack in log house what this gives:

strength and stability of the opening configuration for a window or door block;
exclusion of the possibility of "sagging" of the box after the likely shrinkage of the building;
trouble-free installation of a wooden, metal or plastic block.

Any building product must be manufactured in compliance with certain rules, including swarms. So, what are swarms in a log house, and how to make them right?

For the manufacture of this, in fact, a spike, only completely dry wood is used.
The cross section of the cut must completely match the geometric dimensions of the cut into which it will be inserted.
The length of the spike is made less than the height of the opening by 60-120 mm.
The difference in opening height should only be visible at the top.

It would seem that we are talking about a primitive piece of timber, but its functionality is significant. It reliably protects a window or doorway from curvature. If you ignore the installation of the rail, the sagging of the blocks will be inevitable and irreversible.

opening device

To the question: what are swarms, the answer has been received. Now you need to figure out how to install them correctly. It is necessary to strictly follow the sequence of actions in order to obtain the expected result. You can not rush to fill the openings with blocks without properly preparing them. Installation of rods in window and door openings is carried out as follows:

On the sides of the hole for a window or door, a vertical cut is made exactly in the middle. Its cross section should be even and smooth. The resulting groove should be thoroughly cleaned.
The depth of cut should be equal to the thickness of the cut, and the length should be 60-120 mm more than the size of the prepared bar.
All openings are processed in a similar way.
Swarms fit in the nests prepared for them. They must fit very tightly. From below, the bar enters the groove without a gap. And the difference in the height of the rod and the opening remains free from above. The resulting space is called shrinkage. It is filled with a special insulation to avoid the formation of a "cold bridge".

Now you can safely install windows and doors in full confidence that no shrinkage will affect their normal operation. Royki under metal doors or the gate is usually also made of a metal profile.

Deformation of door or window openings is possible. This happens for several reasons:

High humidity of the wood used for the construction of the structure.
Extreme shrinkage of the building.
A serious departure from construction technology.
Wrong type of wood.

It is quite possible to completely level the curvature of openings or minimize them. It is necessary to use for construction work wood that has undergone special processing, including drying, and to mount swarms.

Appointment of swarms

A shovel is considered to be a simple wooden block, usually having square section. It is mounted at the end of the opening immediately before installing doors or windows. If this procedure is neglected, then the openings can be significantly deformed or skewed.

In inclement and rainy weather, wood is able to actively absorb moisture and increase in size, and on sunny days, decrease. After a while, the opening becomes weaker, so if you do not use slats, then the window structure or door frame will hang out exclusively on fasteners.

Manufacturing and preparation: tricks and subtleties

For the manufacture of rokya, it is necessary to choose only high-quality, well-dried wood. The width and length of this element should correspond as much as possible to the size of the cut into which it will be mounted. The ideal length is usually 5-7 cm less than the height of the opening itself. Due to this difference, a strong stop is provided, designed to protect the opening from deformation.

Installation

Using a chainsaw, you need to cut a hole in the wall for the door frame or window construction. It must be treated with special compounds.
It is necessary to carry out a longitudinal cut in the inner part of the opening. Make sure that its depth exactly matches the thickness of the swivel. And the saw cut is usually 5-12 cm longer than it.
Now you can proceed with the installation of the racks, and then proceed with the installation of doors and windows.

A gap of 5-7 cm wide is formed between the swiveling and the upper part of the opening, into which a heater is placed (for example, tow or flax fiber). They not only retain elasticity for a long period of time, but also help prevent subsidence of the building. It is strictly forbidden to fill the gaps with construction foam. It is able to glue the logs and disrupt the natural shrinkage process of the structure.

Conclusion

If you are planning to build a reliable and comfortable home, then do not neglect the procedure for mounting the racks. It seems that this is a primitive piece of bar, but its functionality is difficult to overestimate. Only in this case, you can not worry that the door or window openings in the house are deformed. Moreover, the whole procedure does not take any other time.

I want to continue the topic of installing swarms in houses and baths from a bar. Today I was at the site where our company is building a bath from a bar of natural moisture, and so we built a house for this client a year and a half ago, a house for shrinkage, in the photo the house is dark brown, and the bath has not yet been painted. When we were building a house for him, the customer refused on principle from the windows and doors, but after a while he admitted that he had made a mistake. Right now, a year later, problems with the openings began, when there was bad weather outside, our guys started fixing the squeezed out openings and inserting shackles, but not wooden ones, but metal ones. I’ll also say that it’s much more difficult to do now than at the time of construction, I had to drill the walls next to the openings and level the wall with a channel with bolts, then saw through and insert a profiled pipe at least 50mm wide. The photo is shown below.

If the customer did not resist and agreed to put the bars right away, then there would be no such difficulties in the future, and the bathhouse that we are building for him is also already being made without finishing with bars not of metal but of wood, since on initial stage metal is not required, but a margin of safety will not interfere. I note, as I wrote in a previous article about swarms, they are quite thick at least 50x50mm.

I also want to say that the house and the bath are assembled on a spring assembly and, in principle, there are no gaps in the house that has stood for a year and a half between the timber. But this is a separate discussion in my other publications.

Conclusion, if a house is being built for you or you yourself are working, then do not spare the labor and money for the rods, ideally metal, and if the construction company refuses to do this or asks for money for this, then you should think about it. These are obvious things that must be done without fail, whether the customer wants it or not.