The question of what can be made from old batteries is asked by people interested in electronics.

A small finger-type battery is completely harmless in appearance. But it contains a decent contingent of heavy metals. It has been proven that one such thing pollutes 20 m of the earth. Metals settle in the soil, fall into the water, and then all this returns to people.

What can be done with old batteries?

The best option for those who do not understand anything about electronics is to hand over used batteries to special collection points. Then this raw material is processed and used with benefit. Unfortunately, there are very few such items. People who know a lot about electronics can try to give these gizmos a second life. Most often they use for their research:

housing as a material for homemade devices;
rod as material for electrolysis.

These are excellent materials for such experiments.

What can be made from AA batteries: flashlights

Electricians can try making a small flashlight out of an old alkaline battery. From the tools you need to prepare a soldering iron, a wire stripper, scissors and a piece of double-sided tape. Finding the necessary materials will have to work hard:

used battery;
white LED;
transformer core;
a piece of cable;
button;
resistor;
transistor;
round board.

First, the battery holder is prepared, then the button is fixed with adhesive tape. After that, the negative wire must be soldered to the button contacts. The LED is inserted into the board, while its legs are bent and soldered. The next step is to install the transistor and resistor. After that, you need to strip the wires. The board is attached to the holder and the holder wires are soldered.

Then two wires are connected to the breadboard, soldered, passed through the core, and wrapped around. In this case, the wires should not cross. The ends of the wires must be pulled through the holes in the board and soldered. Now you can insert the battery and check if the device works. If all is well, the board can be fixed to the holder.

A battery or galvanic cell is a chemical source of electrical current. All batteries sold in stores are essentially the same design. They use two electrodes of different composition. The main element for the negative terminal (anode) of salt and alkaline batteries is zinc, and for their positive (cathode) - manganese. The cathode of lithium batteries is made from lithium, and a variety of materials are used for the anode.

An electrolyte is located between the electrodes of the batteries. Its composition is different: for salt batteries with the lowest resource, ammonium chloride is used. Potassium hydroxide is used to make alkaline batteries, and an organic electrolyte is used in lithium batteries.

When the electrolyte interacts with the anode, an excess of electrons is formed near it, which creates a potential difference between the electrodes. When the electrical circuit is closed, the number of electrons is constantly replenished due to a chemical reaction, and the battery maintains the current flow through the load. In this case, the anode material gradually corrodes and degrades. When it is fully depleted, the battery life is exhausted.

Despite the fact that the composition of the batteries is balanced by the manufacturers to ensure their long and stable operation, you can make the battery yourself. Let's consider several ways how you can make a battery yourself.

Method one: lemon battery

This homemade battery will use the citric acid electrolyte found in lemon pulp. For electrodes, take copper and iron wires, nails, or pins. A copper electrode will be positive and an iron electrode negative.

The lemon should be cut in half across. For greater stability, the halves are placed in small containers (glasses or glasses). It is necessary to connect the wires to the electrodes and immerse them in the lemon at a distance of 0.5 - 1 cm.

Now you need to take a multimeter and measure the voltage across the resulting galvanic cell. If it is not enough, then you will also need to make several identical lemon batteries with your own hands and connect them in series using the same wires.

Method two: a can of electrolyte

To assemble a device with your own hands, similar in design to the first battery in the world, you will need a glass jar or glass. For the electrode material we use zinc or aluminum (anode) and copper (cathode). To increase the efficiency of the element, their area should be as large as possible. It will be better to solder the wires, but the wire will have to be riveted or bolted to the aluminum electrode, since it is difficult to solder it.

The electrodes are immersed inside the can so that they do not come into contact with each other, and their ends are above the level of the can. Better to secure them by installing a spacer or slotted cover.
For the electrolyte, we use an aqueous solution of ammonia (50 g per 100 ml of water). An aqueous solution of ammonia (ammonia) is not the ammonia used for our experience. Ammonium chloride (ammonium chloride) is an odorless white powder used in soldering as a flux or fertilizer.

The second option for preparing the electrolyte is to make a 20% sulfuric acid solution. In this case, you need to pour acid into water, and in no case vice versa. Otherwise, the water will instantly boil and splash, along with the acid, will fall on clothes, face and eyes.

When working with concentrated acids, it is recommended to wear safety goggles and chemical resistant gloves. Before making a battery using sulfuric acid, you should study in more detail the safety rules when working with aggressive substances.

It remains to pour the resulting solution into the jar so that at least 2 mm of free space remains to the edges of the vessel. Then, using a tester, select the required number of cans.

A self-assembled battery is similar in composition to a salt battery, as it contains ammonium chloride and zinc.

Method three: copper coins

The ingredients for making such a battery with your own hands are:

copper coins;
aluminium foil;
thick cardboard;
table vinegar;
wires.

It is easy to guess that the electrodes will be copper and aluminum, and an aqueous solution of acetic acid is used as an electrolyte.

Coins first need to be cleaned of oxides. To do this, they will need to be briefly dipped in vinegar. Then we make circles from cardboard and foil to the size of coins, using one of them as a template. We cut out the circles with scissors, put the cardboard ones for a while in vinegar: they should be saturated with electrolyte.

Then we lay out a column from the ingredients: first a coin, then a cardboard circle, a foil circle, a coin again, and so on, until the material dries up. The end element should again be a copper coin. You can solder wires to the outermost coins. If you do not want to solder, then the wiring is applied to them, and the whole structure is tightly wrapped with tape.

During the operation of this self-assembled battery, the coins will become completely unusable, so you should not use numismatic material that is of cultural and material value.

Method four: a battery in a beer can

The anode of the battery is the aluminum body of the beer can. The cathode is a graphite rod.

Additionally you will need:

a piece of foam more than 1 cm thick;
coal chips or dust (you can use what is left from the fire);
water and common table salt;
wax or paraffin (candles can be used).

You need to cut off the top from the can. Then make a foam circle to fit the bottom of the can and insert it inside, having previously made a hole in the middle for a graphite rod. The rod itself is inserted into the jar strictly in the center, the cavity between it and the walls is filled with coal chips. Then an aqueous solution of salt is prepared (for 500 ml of water 3 tablespoons) and poured into a jar. To prevent the solution from spilling out, the edges of the jar are filled with wax or paraffin.

You can use clothespins to connect the wires to the graphite rods.

Method five: potatoes, salt and toothpaste

Such a battery is disposable. It is useful for starting a fire by short-circuiting the wires to produce a spark.

To create a potato lighter you will need:

large potato;
two copper wires insulated;
toothpicks or thin chips similar to them;
salt;
toothpaste.

We cut the potato in half so that the cutting plane has the largest possible area. In one half, with a knife or spoon, select a depression where we pour salt and add toothpaste. We mix them together until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The amount of "electrolyte" should be flush with the edges of the recess.

In the other half, which will be the upper one, we pierce two holes at some distance from each other so that they both fall into the depression with the electrolyte when assembling the "battery". We insert wires into the hole, previously stripped of insulation by about a centimeter. We put the halves together so that the ends of the wires are dipped into the electrolyte. We fasten the halves together with toothpicks.

We wait for about five minutes, after that, by shorting the wires together, you can strike a spark and start a fire.

All methods described above are not a complete replacement for a battery purchased from a store. The voltage on homemade cells can fluctuate and cannot be accurately adjusted. You won't be able to use them for a long time either. But somewhere in the wilderness, in the absence of electricity, everyone is quite capable of assembling a battery for a mobile phone or an LED light bulb with their own hands. Naturally, with the appropriate materials at hand.

Do-it-yourself eternal battery 2.13 volts.

Today I will tell you how to make a battery that can last about half a year.

Today I will tell you how to make a battery that can last about half a year or you can use an alternative, for example, a 12 volt solar battery manufactured by Chinaland Solar Energy.

We need:

case, it will be a glass jar, a plastic one will not work;

some piece of silver, in this case it is a spoon, it will serve as a core and will also participate in a chemical reaction;

copper wire, it may be an old winding from some old electrical appliances;

cling film, it will serve as insulation between the layers of the winding.

For the solution in which all this will happen:

apple cider vinegar 6%, a teaspoon;

glycerin, it is sold in any pharmacy, it costs ten rubles, four bottles;

common table salt, fine, a teaspoon.

First, wrap the spoon with cling film so that there is no direct contact with the copper wire. I wrapped the spoon with a film, as you can see, the upper and lower ends of the spoon are bare, this is in order to interact with the solution, now we begin to wrap with a wire. We leave a piece longer, this will be one of the contacts and wind the first layer. I wound one layer, as you can see the turns are not close to each other, there should be space between them for insulation. Now you need to rewind the cling film, I wound the second layer, the film needs to be wound as freely as possible so as not to hinder the flow of the solution between the wires and now you need to wind the second layer of the wire and so on, the film, then the wire and so on until it gets bored.

Acid and Lead

The simplest in the device is a lead-acid design for storing electricity. To build it you need:

stable container, with the possibility of tightly closing it with a lid;
electrolyte - a solution of battery acid and distilled water;
lead plate - you can use a flattened piece of lead with cable insulation or purchased from a hunting or fishing store;
two metal pins - electrodes that must be driven vertically into the lead plates.

The following is the process of manufacturing this device itself. Lead plates are put on metal pins, with a small distance between them. After which the structure is immersed in a container filled with electrolyte. The lead must be completely under the grout. The contact ends of the pins are passed through the container lid and securely fixed on it. A consumer of electricity can be connected to the ends of the electrodes. The container is placed on a stable surface, after which the device is charged. By complicating the design, rolling the lead plates into a roll and, accordingly, increasing their area, with a small volume, you can achieve good performance of such a device. By the same principle, rolls are made in modern gel energy storage devices.

Important! When working with homemade electronic storage devices, observe safety rules: the acid used in the electrolyte is a rather corrosive substance.

Salt, coal and graphite

This device does not need acid as it uses an alkaline reaction. How to make this type of battery? The basis of this type of energy storage is a container with an electrolyte in the form of a solution of water and sodium chloride - table salt. To create it you need:

graphite rods, with a metal cap for soldering the contact;
activated or charcoal crushed into crumb;
cloth bags for placing coal powder;
a container for electrolyte with a tight lid for fixing the ends of the electrode.

A graphite rod in a dense carbon lining serves as electrodes. Graphite can be used from batteries that have become unusable, and charcoal - wood or activated, from gas filters. To create a tight lining, coal can be placed in a water-permeable bag, then a graphite rod is inserted inside, and the fabric of the bag can be wrapped with thread or wire with an insulating coating.

To increase the performance of this kind of design, you can create a battery of several electrodes placed in one container.

Important! The storage capacity and voltage at the contacts of self-made devices for storing electricity are relatively small, but at the same time they are quite enough for connecting a low-power light source or other purposes. A battery of multiple electrodes has higher rates, but they are more bulky.

Lemons and oranges as a container for electricity

Lemon is not only a tasty and healthy fruit, but also a natural battery. To use it, it is enough to combine several lemons in a series circuit using metal electrodes. Then you can connect the "fruit" drive to the charger. Instead of lemons, you can use other citrus fruits that contain an acid that will serve as a natural electrolyte. The more citrus fruits are used, the higher the parameters of the "natural" battery.

Lemon juice, acid or its solution can be used separately. To do this, it is enough to pour them into a small jar and install a copper and steel electrode there. The voltage of a natural energy storage is not high, but, nevertheless, it is enough for a low power lighting source.

Even in the absence of a factory-made energy storage device, you can easily make a battery yourself. To create it, you only need knowledge of the basics of physics and chemistry, as well as the presence of any type of acid or alkali at hand. Almost any metal that is available can be used as electrodes, but the best option is to use steels with a high iron content, as well as copper and its alloys.

Video

Of course, now there are no problems with buying batteries and accumulators, but, apparently, it will be interesting for you to meet

with gas accumulator design. Consider the design of the simplest battery. Design

battery is so simple that anyone can repeat it. (which is important, and has already been discussed in the comments ..)

1.capacity 5.15% sodium chloride solution

2.cap 6.activated carbon bag

3.Carbon rod 7.Terminal (clamp)

4.activated carbon 8.cork

The battery design is clear from the figure. Opaque container 1 with lid 2 is filled with electrolyte - 15%

a solution of sodium chloride. Two identical electrodes are lowered into the container. The electrode consists of a carbon rod,

around which is a bag 6 with activated carbon 4. The bags must be tightly wrapped

threads to ensure good contact of the electrode with the activated carbon. Activated carbon layer thickness

should not exceed 15mm.

Battery. A simple homemade battery.

If you add 1 g of boric acid and 2 g of sugar to the solution for each liter, then the battery performance will improve.

Sugar is added during long discharge cycles. Charge the battery with a constant current at the rate of 4.5 volts

for each element (jar). Charge time up to 12 hours. Full charge signal - excessive gas evolution. For

so that gases do not "squeeze" the electrolyte out of the container, a plug is provided, which is needed when charging

open. To get a capacity of 1A * h, you need to use 65 g of activated carbon. Change of electrolyte once a

1. If the walls of the vessel will transmit light, the battery will quickly discharge. The container outside can be

2. It is better to use distilled water or to melt snow, since the tap water is highly mineralized, and

3. 15% table salt solution is obtained by diluting 5 tablespoons of salt in one liter of water.

well, here's another:
Homemade battery
If you don't have a set of fresh batteries on hand, you can make a homemade power source. To do this, you need two charcoal rods from an old battery, two woven bags with a diameter of 20. 25 mm and a height of 60 mm. Rods are installed in them and filled with activated carbon (crushed medical tablets).

The following solution is used as an electrolyte: dissolve 5 tablespoons of table salt, 2 g of boric acid and 3 g of sugar in 1 liter of water.

The walls of the glass jar should be painted with black paint.
The power supply will supply 1.5V.

How to make a battery with your own hands
Of course, now there are no problems with buying batteries and accumulators, but, apparently, it will be interesting for you to get acquainted with the design of a gas accumulator. Consider

200A battery packs

Next, we solder 80 pieces in each block in parallel, 4 cans, we use cassettes for a set of battery cans, you can buy on aliexpress. We also need a copper bus with a thickness of 1-2mm. thin copper wire. Next, we solder the leads from every 4 pcs. 18650 for a controller that will monitor the charge of the cells.

We connect 3 such assemblies in series and get a powerful battery.

Quality Li-ion 18650 charging systems

IMAX B6 MINI PROFESSIONAL BALANCE CHARGER / DISCHARGER

Opus BT-C3100 (version 2.2) Intelligent Li-ion / NiCd / NiMH battery charger

how does the BMS board work?

- increased service life,

- keeping the battery in working condition.

Functions BMS (Battery Management System)

Monitoring the condition of the battery cells in terms of:

- voltage: total voltage, individual cell voltage, minimum and maximum cell voltage,

- charge and depth of discharge,

- charge / discharge currents,

Incorrect charging is one of the most common causes of li-ion battery failure, therefore charge control is one of the main functions of the BMS microcontroller.

Based on the above points, BMS evaluates:

- maximum permissible charge current,

- maximum allowable discharge current,

- the amount of current during discharge,

- internal resistance of the cell,

- the total operating time of the battery during operation.

The BMS protects the battery by preventing it from going beyond safe operation. BMS guarantees safe connection / disconnection of the load, flexible load management, protects the battery from:

- overcurrent,

- overvoltage (during charging),

- voltage drop below the permissible level (during discharge),

Balancing.Balancing is a method of evenly distributing charge among all the cells in a battery, thereby maximizing battery life.

- providing a modular charging process,

- regulating the output currents of the battery cells connected to the consumer.

How to make a powerful battery with your own hands
We make a powerful power bank for 12 volt 200A / h We need 240 pcs 18650 A lot of tin and a lot of patience

Method one: lemon battery

Method two: a can of electrolyte

When working with concentrated acids, it is recommended to wear safety goggles and chemical resistant gloves. Before making a battery using sulfuric acid, you should study in more detail the safety rules when working with aggressive substances.

It remains to pour the resulting solution into the jar so that at least 2 mm of free space remains to the edges of the vessel. Then, using a tester, select the required number of cans.

A self-assembled battery is similar in composition to a salt battery, as it contains ammonium chloride and zinc.

Method three: copper coins

The ingredients for making such a battery with your own hands are:

copper coins,
aluminium foil,
thick cardboard,
table vinegar
wires.

It is easy to guess that the electrodes will be copper and aluminum, and an aqueous solution of acetic acid is used as an electrolyte.

During the operation of this self-assembled battery, the coins will become completely unusable, so you should not use numismatic material that is of cultural and material value.

Method four: a battery in a beer can

The anode of the battery is the aluminum body of the beer can. The cathode is a graphite rod.

a piece of polystyrene more than 1 cm thick,
coal chips or dust (you can use what is left from the fire),
water and common table salt,
wax or paraffin (candles can be used).

You can use clothespins to connect the wires to the graphite rods.

Method five: potatoes, salt and toothpaste

Such a battery is disposable. It is useful for starting a fire by short-circuiting the wires to produce a spark.

To create a potato lighter you will need:

large potato,
two copper wires insulated,
toothpicks or

Homemade battery from improvised means
How to make a homemade battery from available materials. A brief description of how the battery works. How to make a battery from lemon, copper coins, potatoes, aluminum cans.

How easy it is to make a battery

Hello again everyone mozochinov! Today I will tell you how to make a battery yourself and using scrap materials!

AA batteries are widespread cylindrical batteries with a rating of about 1.5V, approximately 49-50mm in length and 13.5-14.5mm in diameter. They are easy to make yourself, and the very manufacture of this brain self-made can serve as an excellent visual aid for explaining physical and chemical processes to children.

Step 1: materials and tools

corrugated board
copper flat washers with a diameter of 10 mm - 12 pcs.
zinc flat washers with a diameter of 10mm - 14-16 pcs.
heat-shrink tubing
distilled water - 120ml
vinegar - 30ml
table salt - 4 tablespoons.
soldering iron and solder
mixing bowl
digital multimeter
scissors
sandpaper
needle nose pliers
lighter or hot air gun
old AA battery for verification

Step 2: stripping the washers

The basis of this homemade 11 copper-zinc cells that "give out" 1.5V. Copper and zinc washers must enter into chemical reactions, so we clean them from oxides, dirt, etc. Using brain-skin with 100 grains, we don't just clean the washers, but polish them to a shine.

Step 3: Prepare the electrolyte

Copper and zinc create a potential difference, but you also need a medium through which the charges will pass between these potentials. For the electrolyte, dissolve 4 tablespoons of salt in 120 ml of distilled water, mix everything thoroughly until completely dissolved, then add 30 ml of vinegar and let it brew.

Step 4: cardboard

To keep the washers at a distance from each other, you need to lay them brainboard, namely corrugated board impregnated with electrolyte. We cut corrugated cardboard into squares with a side of 1 cm and soak them in electrolyte, which was infused for at least 5 minutes after adding vinegar.

Step 5: stretching the tube

Now you need to slightly modify the heat shrink tubing. To make it easier to install the copper-zinc battery cells into the tube, use the needle nose pliers to stretch the tube itself by about 10% of the initial diameter.

Step 6: testing

Now is the time to test our elements. We put on a copper washer brainboardsoaked in electrolyte, and on it a zinc washer. Use gloves! Next, turn on the multimeter in the "constant 20V" mode, touch the copper washer with the black wire, and the zinc washer with the red one. The multimeter should show about 0.05-0.15V, this is enough to create a battery of 11 copper-zinc cells.

Step 7: assembling the battery

We assemble the battery from the prepared elements: copper - zinc - cardboard. It is in this sequence. See photo.

First, we insert a copper washer into the tube, align it perpendicular to the length of the tube, put a zinc washer on it, then cardboard and so on all 11 elements. For convenience, we slightly tamp the elements with a plastic rod.

After installing the last zinc washer, we check the resulting workpiece homemade with an old standard AA battery, if necessary add another zinc washer. After adjusting along the length, we heat the tube, thereby forming a battery, cut off the excess ends.

Step 8: wiring contacts

It remains to add contacts. We heat up brain soldering iron and solder balls of solder to the ends of the battery. That is, we solder a ball of solder onto the copper end, so that when installed in the battery holder, our homemade product touches the contact of the battery holder. Then we turn over the battery and also do it with the zinc end.

Step 9: Everything is ready, let's apply!

The homemade battery is ready, let's try it in action. We connect the multimeter in the "constant 20V" mode and measure the voltage, it should be about 1.5V

If the voltage is below 1.5 V, then try to stretch the battery a little, if this does not help, then you may have made a mistake in the order of installing the washers.

If everything is in order, then install the battery in your favorites brain gadgets and enjoy their work!

How easy it is to make a battery
How easy it is to make a battery Again, greetings to all brainworms! Today I will tell you how to make a battery yourself and from improvised materials! AA batteries are widely

What can be made from large batteries. Homemade battery from improvised means. What to do with used batteries

What can be done with old batteries?

What can be made from AA batteries: flashlights

Method one: lemon battery

Method two: a can of electrolyte

Method three: copper coins

Method four: a battery in a beer can

Method five: potatoes, salt and toothpaste

Do-it-yourself eternal battery 2.13 volts.

Acid and Lead

Salt, coal and graphite

Lemons and oranges as a container for electricity

Video