Where did the prophet muhammed come from. Family and relatives of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him

Dairy mothers of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him

Suwaiba– freedwoman Abu Lahaba. She fed him milk for several days. She fed with him Abu Salam Abdullah bin al-Assad al-Makhzumi along with her son Masrukh. Also with them she fed the uncle of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, Hamza bin Abdulmuttalib. There is disagreement as to whether she accepted Islam, and Allah knows best.

Then he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was fed Halima from the Saad tribe with milk, which she fed her son Abdullah And Judamatu, which is also called Shaima who are children al-Harithah bin Abdalizza bin Rifaa al-Saadi. There is also disagreement as to whether these foster parents accepted Islam, and Allah knows best.

She also fed with the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, Abu Sufyan bin al-Harith bin Abdalmuttalib, who became an ardent enemy of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and then accepted Islam in the year of the conquest of Mecca and became a good Muslim.

The uncle of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, Hamza was also fed milk in the tribe of Bani Saad bin Bakr, and he was fed milk by the milk mother of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, Halima. Thus, Hamza was the foster brother of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, from two sides: from the side of the foster mother Suwaiba and the foster mother Halima.

Educators of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him

His birth mother Amina bint Wahb bin Abdmanaf bin Zuhra bin Kilab.

He was also raised by Suwaiba, Halima, her daughter Shaima, who is also his foster sister and she raised him with her mother. She came to him, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, along with a delegation of the Hawazin tribe, and he laid out his cloak for her and sat her on it, observing family relations.

They also include the respected, venerable Umm Ayman Barakat al-Habashiya, which he inherited from his father and she followed his religion. The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, married her to his favorite Zayda bin al-Harith and she gave birth to him Osama.

After the death of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, Abu Bakr And Umar visited her and found her crying. They asked her why she was crying, because what Allah has is best for the Messenger. To which she replied that she was crying because the revelations from heaven had stopped. This moved them greatly and they began to cry.

Children of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him

The first of them was al-Qasim, from whose name he received his kunya (nickname “abu al-Qasim” (father of al-Qasim)). He died as a child, it is also said that he reached the age when he could ride a horse and he rode a camel.

Then she was born Zainab. It is also said that she was older than al-Qasim. Then Ruqaiya, Umm Kulthum, Fatima. It is said about each of them that she was older than her sisters. Transmitted from ibn Abbas that Ruqaiya was older than the rest of her sisters, and Umm Kulthum the youngest.

Then was born Abdullah. There is a question: was he born before the prophecy began or after? Some scholars have found it certain that he was born after the prophecy began. There is also a question: do the names belong to him? at-Tayib" And " at-Tahir", or are these the names of other children of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him? There are two opinions on this issue, and the reliable opinion is that these names are nicknames for Abdullah, and Allah knows best.

All these children were from Khadija, while the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had no children from other wives.

Then, in the eighth year of the Hijri, in Medina, his concubine Maria Kiptia gave birth to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, a son Ibrahim, about which his freedman rejoiced him Abu Rafi, for which he was given a slave. He died as a child before he was weaned from breastfeeding. There is a disagreement about whether a prayer was read over it? Some say it was read, while others say it was not.

All the children of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, died before him, except Fatima, who died six months after his death.

Allah exalted her for her patience and contentment above the rest of the women of the world. Fatima is the best of the daughters of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. It is also said that she is the best woman in this world. It is also said that the best woman is her mother Khadija. It is also said that this Aisha. It is also said that there is no unanimous and reliable opinion on this issue.

Uncles and aunts of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, from his father's side

Uncles: the lion of Allah and His Messenger, the lord of the martyrs - Hamza bin Abdalmuttalib, al-Abbas, Abu Talib whose name was Abd Manaf, Abu Lahab, whose name was Abduluzza, al-Zubair,Abdulkaaba, al-Muqawwim, Darar, Kusam, al-Mughira who had a nickname Hajal, al-Gaydak whose name was Mus'ab, also says Naoufal. Some people add here al-Awwam.

Apart from Hamza and al-Abbas, none of them accepted Islam.

Aunts: Safia mother al-Zubair bin al-Awwam, Atika, Barra, Urwa, Umaima, Umm Hakim al-Bayza.

Of these, Safiya accepted Islam and there is a disagreement regarding the acceptance of Islam by Atika and Urwa. Some considered it reliable that Urwa accepted Islam.

The eldest uncle was al-Harith, and the youngest was al-Abbas, from whom came the offspring that filled the earth. It is said that during the reign of Ma'mun, the descendants of al-Abbas were counted and it turned out that they reached 600 thousand people, which is a clear exaggeration.

Also, a large number of descendants came from Abu Talib. Both al-Harith and Abu Lahab had offspring. Some believe that al-Harith and al-Muqawwim are one person, others believe that Haydak and Hajal are one person.

From book Ibn Qayima al-Jawziyya

He was born half orphan, for his father Abdullah died when his mother was two months pregnant.

When he was six years old, his mother, Amina bint Wahab, also died, leaving Muhammad an orphan. His guardian was Abdul-Muttalib, his paternal grandfather, who had a special position and influence in Mecca. Members of his Quraysh tribe treated him as a respectable sheikh. And in those days, the Quraish tribe occupied a dominant position among all other Arab tribes.

The Prophet Muhammad became the object of his grandfather's care, love and affection, but all this did not last long, for his grandfather passed away when Muhammad was only eight years old. After the death of his grandfather, his uncle Abu Talib became the boy's guardian.
When Muhammad was twelve years old, he and his uncle Abu Talib went on a trading journey to Bilad al-Sham (Syria). This is how Muhammad left his native place for the first time. When he was twenty-five years old, he again went to Bilad al-Sham, this time on the business of Lady Khadija bint Huaylid, a rich and noble woman. Having heard that he was a reliable and honest man, Khadija entrusted him with her money. Upon Muhammad's return from Bilad al-Sham, she invited him to marry her. At that time he was twenty-five years old and she was forty.
Even before Muhammad became a prophet at the age of forty, he was nicknamed “worthy of trust,” for he was the most highly moral and most worthy person in his midst. He was famous for such character traits as tolerance, modesty, justice, patience, chastity, generosity and courage.
Muhammad was known for his hatred of pagan idols even before he began his prophetic mission. This hatred was so great that Muhammad never attended any of the pagan rituals. In addition, the Prophet Muhammad never drank intoxicating drinks in his life.
These character traits are common to all prophets. God endows His prophets with such qualities in preparation for receiving His Revelation. For prophets must always be infallible. This means that they do not commit sins either before entering the path of prophecy or after that.
The Jews and Christians who lived at that time on the Arabian Peninsula and in neighboring lands expected the appearance of the Last of the prophets in this world, as their Holy Books - the Torah and the Gospel - spoke about this.

In 610 AD, when the Prophet Muhammad was forty years old, a revelation from God was sent down to him through the Archangel Gabriel (Jibriel in Arabic). Gabriel brought him the first five verses of Surah Al-‘Alaq (“The Clot”) of the Holy Quran1. Thus, Allah appointed Muhammad as a prophet.
From that day on, the Qur'an was gradually revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over the next twenty-three years. Each new revelation of the Koran was sent down to the Prophet by God in accordance with 1) circumstances and events that required their correct interpretation and explanation, and also 2) as necessary, specific practical instructions and instructions2. The Qur'an is the Word of God revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel; in this case, the role of both the prophet Muhammad and Gabriel was reduced only to conveying it to the people. Gabriel recited the Koran to the Prophet Muhammad, who then memorized it and brought it to the people. The Prophet ordered everyone who was entrusted to keep the text of the Koran and write it down, for he himself was illiterate3. It is also worth mentioning that the entire text of the Koran was completely written down and preserved during the life of the Prophet Muhammad.
Before the start of the Prophet's mission, the Arabian Peninsula was under the rule of ignorance and tyranny, for the people worshiped idols. Each tribe had its own god in the form of an idol which it worshiped. At that time, the peninsula was inhabited by 360 tribes, and, accordingly, there were at least 360 idols.
In addition, the stronger treated the weaker according to the principle of “divide and conquer,” and therefore wars broke out at the slightest provocation. This was a period when theft and all kinds of robberies flourished, including the robbery of caravans on large trade routes; usury, adultery, drunkenness, gambling, and the custom of burying baby girls alive because the newborn's family feared shame or poverty. The position of women in society was reduced to nothing. Thus, a woman did not have the right to inherit the real estate of her close relatives and, on top of everything else, she herself was considered a thing to be inherited, like a piece of furniture, an animal or household utensils.

Coming with a prophetic mission, Muhammad heralded the beginning of a new era with the introduction of Islam. He called on people to worship the One God and observe a number of new principles and norms of daily life, unknown to the people of that time. These new principles and norms of behavior put an end to murder, robbery, usury, adultery, gambling, drunkenness, live burial of newborn girls, disregard for the rights of women, and all other vices that prevailed in pre-Islamic times.

The religion preached by the Prophet Muhammad profoundly changed moral principles among the Arabs, for it called for the worship of the only God, Allah, and also instilled in people the concept of life after death. This new religion preached the equality of all people, chastity, respectable family relations, respect for the rights of a neighbor, charity, and also defended the rights of women to inherit and own property.
Most of the pagans of Mecca were dissatisfied with the new way of social life, which was preached by the Prophet Muhammad, and began to fight against it. They subjected him to all kinds of persecution, causing him deep physical and mental wounds. They began calling him a “liar”, “madman”, “sorcerer” and “poet”. The nickname “poetmaker” was intended to humiliate him. Thus, the pagans sought to show that they do not recognize the Koran as a Revelation sent down to Muhammad from above. And if before the prophecy of Muhammad people called him “worthy of trust,” then later they awarded him with many bad and offensive nicknames.

The pagans also tortured the followers of the Prophet. And, in the end, Muhammad and his followers were expelled from their hometown of Mecca and were forced to move to the desert area. There they remained for three years, experiencing severe shortages of food and water, as well as many other hardships and suffering.
But despite everything, the Prophet Muhammad continued to preach Islam in Mecca for thirteen years. After this, Almighty God ordered him to move to Medina. This migration from Mecca to Medina, called the Hijra, is considered the starting point of Islamic history and marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar. When the Prophet moved to Medina, the inhabitants of this city supported him, and he founded the first Islamic state there.
Medina, the prophet Muhammad was a ruler, judge and military leader. These responsibilities complemented Muhammad's vital role as prophet, messenger, father of his children, and husband of his wives. This point clearly proves the main differences between Muslim and non-Muslim cultures. Thus, Islam is a comprehensive religion that covers all aspects of human life. Therefore, Muslims do not believe in the doctrine of “separation of church and state” common in the West.
Prophet Muhammad provided strategic leadership in the defense of Medina, directing troops and military operations. He fought in many battles against the pagans and other enemies of Islam - twenty-seven military campaigns and sixty military detachments. All these military actions were taken to stop the onslaught of enemies, as well as to ensure the protection of Medina. In addition, these battles were intended to clear the way for the spread of Islam.
As time passed, people realized that they themselves were free to decide whether to choose Islam as a new way of life. After some time, they became convinced of the truth of this new religion, and Islam began to spread throughout the Arabian Peninsula. Prophet Muhammad sent letters to some of the monarchs of that time, as well as the rulers of neighboring states, urging them to accept Islam, because Islam is a religion without borders, i.e. for all peoples. The Prophet Muhammad sent messages to: Heraclius, the Byzantine emperor; Al-Mukaukas, an Egyptian prince; Askham ibn Al-Abjar, Negus (ruler) of Ethiopia; Khosrow, king of Persia; Al-Munzhir ibn Sawa, king of Bahrain; Jifar and 'Abd, both kings of Oman; and also to Khuza ibn Ali, king of Al-Yamam.

Prophet Muhammad concluded a peace treaty with the people of Mecca for a period of ten years. But the Meccans violated this treaty and united with the Bakr tribe, which killed many members of the Khuzaa tribe (this tribe entered into an alliance with the Prophet Muhammad). At the head of an army of ten thousand, the Prophet set out on a campaign to conquer Mecca. The Meccans realized the futility of resisting the forces of the Prophet and surrendered without a fight.
The conquest of Mecca is considered the greatest triumph among Muslims, since it has the status of a holy city where people make an annual pilgrimage. Mecca is the area where the Kaaba, the Forbidden House of Allah, built by the prophets Abraham and Ismail (peace be upon them) is located. This city was also of great political and commercial importance for all Arab tribes. The Prophet Muhammad himself was a native of Mecca, as were many of his companions. And it was here that all the tribes took up arms against Muhammad. Thus Mecca became a strategic center of resistance to Islam. That is why her conquest was so important. The Prophet was well aware that the capture of Mecca was the best way to spread Islam among the Arabs.

The Prophet Muhammad entered Mecca humbly, completely and completely surrendering to God, and not with the arrogant air of a conqueror who had conquered his worst enemies. Evidence of Muhammad's humility and submission to God was that, upon entering Mecca, he bowed his head so that his forehead almost touched the saddle of his camel. In addition, the Prophet Muhammad forgave all the inhabitants of Mecca and ordered his soldiers not to touch their property and wealth.
Thanks to the Prophet's prudent and tolerant behavior, all the citizens of Mecca converted to Islam. As for the idols surrounding the Kaaba, they had to be destroyed every single one.
Having conquered Mecca, the Prophet Muhammad returned to Medina, where hundreds of people flocked to convert to Islam. All Arab tribes sent delegations to Medina to meet with the Prophet, who would teach them Islam. All these delegations converted to Islam, each on behalf of their tribe. This year became known as the Year of Delegations.
Prophet Muhammad was able to unite all Arab tribes on the basis of Islam. Mutual enmity and contempt reigned between these tribes for a long time. They constantly fought among themselves, and no one in the entire history of the Arabian Peninsula had ever managed to unite them. By establishing an Islamic state, the Prophet Muhammad united the vast majority of the population of the Arabian Peninsula.
Before his death, the Prophet made a pilgrimage to Mecca. He walked around the Kaaba seven times. During this Last Pilgrimage, the Prophet Muhammad delivered his famous Farewell Address. Here is some of what he said then:
“...O people, listen to me, I will explain to you, for, truly, I do not know whether I will meet you in this place after this year.
O people, truly, as this month and day is holy for you, as this city of Mecca is sacred for you, in the same way the life and property of every Muslim should be holy and sacred for you, and so on until you meet your Lord. O Allah, have I brought (Your message) to the attention of people? (If so), be my Witness to this.
And the one who has a thing entrusted by someone (amana), let him return it to the one who entrusted it to him.

O people, truly, Shaitan (Satan) has lost hope that he will be worshiped in your land. However, he is content to subjugate you in all your other actions that you neglect.
O people, truly, believers are brothers, and a person is allowed the property of his brother only according to his own free will. O Allah, have I brought (Your message) to the attention of people? (If so), be my Witness to this.
O people, do not turn into infidels after me, killing and oppressing each other. Indeed, I have truly left among you something by adhering to which you will never go astray - the Book of Allah. O Allah, have I brought (Your message) to the attention of people? (If so), be my Witness to this.
O people, your Lord is one, and your father is one - you are all from Adam, and Adam is from the earth. The most noble of you before Allah is the most God-fearing.
An Arab has no superiority over a foreigner except in fear of God. O Allah, have I brought (Your message) to the attention of people? (If so), be my Witness to this.
And let the one present among you notify the one who is absent.”
In 633 AD. Prophet Muhammad died. He was then sixty-three years old according to the lunar calendar or sixty-one years old according to the solar calendar. Immediately after his death, Abu Bakr addressed the people with the words: “Truly, everyone who worshiped Muhammad knows that Muhammad is dead. But everyone who worships Allah knows that Allah lives, that He does not die.” He then recited the following verses from the Holy Quran:
“Truly, you are mortal (Muhammad), just as they are mortal.”
(Sura 39, verse 30)
“And Muhammad is no more than a messenger, many others preceded him, and if he dies or is destroyed, will you turn back? The apostates will not harm Allah in any way, but Allah will reward the grateful in full.”
(Sura 3, verse 144)
The body of the Prophet was buried in his own house, in the room of his wife ‘Aisha, that is, in the same place where he died. Her room is located near the Prophet's Mosque, which today has expanded so much that the Prophet's house is located inside it. The Prophet's Mosque is located in Medina.
Today this Mosque is visited by millions of Muslims. You can visit it during the pilgrimage to Mecca or at other times.
Less than two centuries after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, Muslims spread his Message. Islam spread throughout the world to China in the east and Spain in the west. The impetus for such an amazingly rapid spread of the Muslim faith was the teachings of Islam.
Today there are more than a billion Muslims in the world4, most of whom live in 55 Muslim countries in Asia and Africa. The largest Muslim country currently is Indonesia. In addition, millions of Muslims live in non-Muslim countries: 120 million in India, more than 100 million in China, about 20 million in Russia.

So, currently the four countries with the largest Muslim populations are: Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Nigeria. Millions of Muslims also live in non-Muslim countries such as the Philippines, Burma, Thailand, the former Yugoslavia and the United States.

Name: Prophet Muhammad

Age: 62 years old

Activity: prophet, merchant, politician

Family status: was married

Prophet Muhammad: biography

Muhammad is an Arab preacher of monotheism, the founder and central figure of the religion of Islam, the prophet of Muslims. According to Islamic belief, Allah sent down to Muhammad the holy scripture - the Koran.

The Messenger of Allah was born in Mecca on April 22, 571. The arrival of a special child to Muhammad's mother was announced by an angel who came in a dream. The birth of the prophet was accompanied by amazing events. The throne of the Persian king Kisra shook under the ruler as if struck by an earthquake. 14 balconies in the royal hall collapsed. The boy appeared circumcised. Those present at the birth saw that the newborn raised his head and leaned on his hands.

Muhammad belonged to the Quraysh tribe, considered elite by the Arabs. The family of the future preacher of the Koran belonged to the Hashemites, a clan named after the great-grandfather of Muhammad - Hashim, a rich Arab who was honored with feeding pilgrims. The father of the prophet Abdollah is the grandson of the powerful Hashim, but he did not acquire wealth like his grandfather. The small merchant barely earned enough to feed his family. The father did not see his son, who became the greatest prophet; he died before the birth of Muhammad.

At the age of 6, the boy became an orphan - Amina, Muhammad's mother, died. The woman temporarily gave her son to be raised by the Bedouin Halima, who lived in the desert. The orphaned boy was taken in by his grandfather, but soon Muhammad ended up in his uncle’s house. Abu Talib was a kind but extremely poor man. The nephew had to get to work early and learn to earn a living. For pennies, little Muhammad herded goats and sheep that belonged to wealthy Meccans and picked berries in the desert.

At the age of 12, the teenager first plunged into the atmosphere of spiritual quest: together with his uncle Muhammad, he visited Syria, where he became acquainted with the religious movements of Judaism, Christianity, and other beliefs. He worked as a camel driver, then became a merchant, but questions of faith did not leave the guy. When Muhammad turned 20, he was hired as a clerk in the house of a widowed woman, Khadija. The young man, carrying out the instructions of his mistress, traveled around the country and was interested in the local customs and beliefs of the tribes.

Khadija, being 15 years older than Muhammad, invited the 25-year-old boy to marry her, which the woman’s father did not like, but she persisted. The young clerk got married, the marriage turned out to be happy, he loved and respected Khadija. Marriage brought prosperity to Muhammad. He devoted his free time to the main thing he was drawn to from a young age - spiritual quests. Thus began the biography of the prophet and preacher.

Preaching

The biography of the main Muslim prophet says that Muhammad moved away from the world and vanity, plunging into contemplation and reflection. He loved to retire to desert gorges. In 610, when Muhammad was in a cave on Mount Hira, the Archangel Gabriel (Jibril) appeared to him. He called the young man the messenger of Allah and ordered him to remember the first revelations (verses of the Koran).

History says that the circle of adherents of Muhammad, who preached after meeting with Gabriel, was constantly growing. The preacher called his fellow tribesmen to a righteous life, urged them to observe the commandments of Allah and prepare for the coming divine judgment. Prophet Muhammad said that Almighty God (Allah) created man, and with him everything living and inanimate on earth.

The Messenger of Allah named Musa (Moses), Yusuf (Joseph), Zakaria (Zachariah), Isa () as predecessors. But a special place in Muhammad’s sermons was given to Ibrahim (Abraham). He called him the forefather of Arabs and Jews and the first to preach monotheism. Muhammad saw his mission in restoring the faith of Ibrahim.

The aristocrats of Mecca saw Muhammad's preaching as a threat to power and conspired against him. Companions persuaded the prophet to leave the dangerous region and move to Medina for a while. He did just that. Hundreds of companions followed the preacher to Medina (Yathrib) in 622, forming the first Muslim community.

The community grew stronger and, as punishment to the Meccans for expelling the preacher and his associates, attacked caravans leaving Mecca. Proceeds from the robbery were directed to the needs of the community.

In 630, the previously persecuted prophet Muhammad returned to Mecca, triumphantly entering the holy city 8 years after his exile. Merchant Mecca greeted the prophet with crowds of admirers from all over Arabia. Mohammed's procession through the streets was majestic. The Prophet, dressed in simple clothes and a black turban, sitting on a camel, was accompanied by tens of thousands of pilgrims.

The saint entered Mecca as a pilgrim, not a triumphant. He walked around the holy places, performed rituals and made sacrifices. The Prophet Muhammad traveled around the Kaaba 7 times and touched the sacred Black Stone the same number of times. At the Kaaba, the preacher declared that “there is no God but Allah alone” and ordered the destruction of 360 idols that stood in the temple.

The surrounding tribes did not immediately accept Islam. After bloody wars and thousands of casualties, they recognized the Prophet Muhammad and accepted the Koran. Soon Mohammed became the ruler of Arabia and created a powerful Arab state. When Muhammad's proteges and military leaders appeared in Mecca, he returned to Medina, visiting the grave of Amina's mother. But the prophet’s joy at the triumph of Islam was darkened by the news of the death of his only son Ibrahim, on whom his father had pinned his hopes.

The sudden death of his son undermined the preacher’s health. He, sensing the approach of death, again moved to Mecca to pray for the last time at the Kaaba. Hearing about the prophet's intentions and wanting to pray with him, 10 thousand pilgrims gathered in Mecca. Prophet Muhammad rode around the Kaaba on a camel and sacrificed animals. The pilgrims listened to the words of Muhammad with heavy hearts, realizing that they were listening to him for the last time.

In Islam, for believers, the name has a sacred meaning. Muhammad is translated as “praiseworthy”, “praised”. In the Qur'an, the name of the prophet is repeated four times, in other cases Muhammad is called Nabi ("prophet"), Rasul ("messenger"), Abd ("slave of God"), Shahid ("witness") and several other names. The full name of the Prophet Muhammad is long: it includes the names of all his ancestors in the male line, starting with Adam. Believers call the preacher Abul-Qasim.

The Day of the Prophet Muhammad - Mawlid al-Nabi - is celebrated on the 12th day of the third month of the Islamic lunar calendar Rabi al-Awwal. Muhammad's birthday is the third most revered date for Muslims. The first and second places are occupied by the holidays of Eid al-Adha and Kurban Bayram. During his lifetime, the prophet celebrated only them.

Descendants celebrate the Day of the Prophet Muhammad with prayers, good deeds, and stories about the miracles of the saint. The birthday of the prophet became a holiday 300 years after the advent of Islam. The life story of Muhammad (Mahomet, Magomed, Mohammed) is glorified in the book of the Azerbaijani writer Huseyn Javid. The drama is called "The Prophet".

More than a dozen films have been made about the central figure of Islam. In the mid-1970s, the American-Arab film “The Message (Muhammad is the Messenger of God)” by Mustafa Akkad was released. In 2008, viewers saw the 30-episode series “The Moon of the Hashim Family,” produced by film studios in Jordan, Syria, Sudan and Lebanon. About the life and character of the saint, the film “Muhammad - the Messenger of the Almighty” was made by director Majid Majidi, which premiered in 2015.

Personal life

Khadija surrounded her young husband with maternal care. Muhammad, freed from troubles and commercial affairs, devoted his time to religion. The union with Khadija turned out to be generous with children, but the sons died. After the death of his beloved wife, Muhammad married several times, but sources name the number of the prophet’s wives differently. Some indicate 15, others indicate 23, of which Muhammad had physical relations with 13.

British Arabist and professor at the University of Edinburgh William Montgomery Watt, in his works on the history of Islam, reveals the reason for the different number of wives of the prophet: tribes, claiming family ties with the saint, ascribed wives of their fellow tribesmen to Muhammad. The Prophet Muhammad entered into marriages before the Koranic prohibition allowing marriage four times.

Researchers agree that the prophet had 13 wives. Topping the list is Khadija bint Khuwaylid, who married Muhammad against her parents' wishes. Historians claim that none of the prophet’s subsequent wives took the place in his heart that went to Khadija.

Of the 12 wives who appeared after the first, Aisha bint Abu Bakr is called the beloved. This is the third wife of the Prophet Muhammad. Aisha is the daughter of the Caliph and is called the greatest of the seven Islamic scholars of her time.

All the children of the prophet, except for the son Ibrahim, were born by Khadija. She gave her husband seven offspring, but the boys died in infancy. Muhammad's daughters lived to see the beginning of their father's prophetic mission, converted to Islam and moved from Mecca to Medina. All except Fatima died before their father. Fatima's daughter died six months after the death of her great father.

Death

The health of the Prophet Muhammad deteriorated after the farewell hajj to Medina. The Messenger of Allah, having gathered his remaining strength, visited the graves of the martyrs and performed the funeral prayer. Returning to Medina, the prophet retained a clear mind and memory until his last day. He said goodbye to his family and followers, asked for forgiveness, distributed his savings to the poor and freed the slaves. The fever intensified, and on the night of June 8, 632, the Prophet Muhammad died.

The wives were not allowed to wash the body; male relatives washed the deceased. They buried the Messenger of Allah in the clothes in which he died. For three days, believers said goodbye to the Prophet Muhammad. The grave was dug in the place where he died - in the house of his wife Aisha. Later, a mosque was erected over the ashes, which became a shrine of the Muslim world.

A pilgrimage to Medina, where Muhammad is buried, is considered a charitable deed. Believers travel to Medina along with the pilgrimage to Mecca. The mosque in Medina is smaller in size than the mosque in Mecca, but is striking in beauty. It is built of pink granite and decorated with gold, embossing and mosaics. In the center of the mosque there is an adobe hut where the Prophet Muhammad slept and the tomb of the saint.

Quotes

• “Leave the doubt that fills you and turn to what does not cause you doubt, because the truth is calm, and a lie is doubt.”
• “Let your tongue constantly delight in the remembrance of Allah.”
• “The most beloved of good deeds before God is that which is constant, even if it is insignificant.”
• "Religion is lightness."
• “As you are, such are those who rule over you.”
• “Those who show excessive scrupulousness and excessive severity will perish.”
• “Woe to you! Stay close to your mother’s feet, Heaven is there!”
• "Paradise lies in the shadow of your swords."
• “My Allah, I resort to You from useless knowledge...”
• "A man with the one he loves."
• “A believer will not be stung twice from the same hole.”

• The words “If the mountain does not come to Mohammed, then Mohammed goes to the mountain” have no relation to the activities of the Prophet Muhammad. The expression is based on the story of Khoja Nasreddin. The British scientist and philosopher in his book “Moral and Political Essays” replaced Khoja with Muhammad, presenting his own version of the story about Khoja.
• The London magazine Time Out called the Prophet Muhammad the first environmentalist.
• Kefir grain was previously called "Prophet's Millet". According to legend, under this name, Muhammad conveyed the secret of its cultivation to the inhabitants of the Caucasus.

• Muhammad allegedly suffered from epilepsy with convulsive attacks and twilight stupefaction. The Koran reports that the unbelievers called the prophet possessed. But the Koran also says that “Muhammad, by the grace of God, is a prophet and is not possessed.”
• The footprint of the Prophet Muhammad, imprinted in stone, is kept in Türbe - a mausoleum in Eyup (Istanbul).

• Muslim theologians consider the Koran to be the main miracle of Muhammad. Although the authorship of the Qur'an in non-Muslim sources may be attributed to Muhammad himself, devoted hadiths say that his speech was not similar to the Qur'an.
• The outstanding artistic merits of the Koran are recognized by all experts in Arabic literature. According to Bernhard Weiss, humanity throughout its medieval, modern and recent history has not been able to write anything like the Koran.
• There is a story about bread in the Qur'an, similar to the story of Jesus feeding five thousand people with five loaves of bread and two fish.

The symbol of piety, innocence, patience, kindness and faith is the mother of the Prophet Muhammad Amina. This woman's life was full of tragedy and happiness. Her person deserves respect.

The secret of the name

Around 557, a beautiful daughter was born into the noble and wealthy family of the leader of the Zuhra clan, Wahb ibn Abd al-Manaf, from the Quraish clan. It was this woman who was destined to become the mother of the great preacher of Islam.

The ancestors of this family, since the 3rd century, dominated Mecca - the most sacred city of Muslims - and did a lot of good for it. In particular, they distributed food to the poor. Subsequently, the family split into several tribes.

One of them settled in Medina, where the aforementioned girl Amina was born - that was the name of the mother of the Prophet Muhammad. The name had no specific meaning until then. Various versions of its interpretation appeared after the world learned about this woman. Based on her character traits, dictionaries give different translations. So, for example, Amina is “she who lives in safety,” “reliable,” or “quiet.”

Due to the fact that the family was wealthy, the girl received an excellent upbringing. She grew up educated, kind and submissive. Everyone who surrounded her admired the beauty of her face and the harmony of her character.

Fates that connected the skies

There were many contenders for the heart and hand of the beautiful young lady. According to tradition, the parents married the children. Amina's fate was united with Abdullah.

The full name of the mother of the Prophet Muhammad is Amina bint Wahb. Her fiancé also came from the Quraish clan and was a very distant relative of her. He was distinguished by his tall stature, unwritten beauty and good, kind disposition.

But the couple might not work out. One thing is connected with the life of the Prophet's father. Muhammad's grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, once swore that if Allah gave him ten sons, he would sacrifice one of them. God fulfilled the promise, and the man raised many beautiful boys. But when the time came to “repay the debt,” the lot fell on Abdullah’s favorite. The father was sorry to kill the child, and his brother and uncles sympathized with the guy. In the Kaaba, where the ritual was to take place, the relatives persuaded the old man to cast lots. On one side there was a son, on the other there were ten camels. Each time the sentence fell on the child. But when a hundred animals were already at stake, God took pity, and the young man remained to live.

Happy marriage

The groom Abdullah (the preacher's father) was 25 years old at the time. Amina (the name of the mother of the Prophet Muhammad) was barely 15. The ritual took place in Mecca. All sources indicate that this was a wonderful couple. Their marriage was harmonious and happy.

The woman said that when the time came, she was awakened by a loud voice. A moment later she saw a beautiful white bird. She lowered her wing onto her. The fear and anxiety are gone. Later, Amina became thirsty and was presented with sherbet, which quenched her thirst. While the angels were busy with her, the world was filled with light. Everything around became white. Distant lands opened up to our eyes.

The name of the mother of the Prophet Muhammad became blessed. Amina gave birth to the great messenger of Allah.

Inaccuracies in the interpretation of sacred texts

When the boy was born, he raised his eyes to the sky and bowed. He further clearly said: “There is only one god, and his name is Allah, who will spread his teachings through me.” There are sources indicating that the child was born without a foreskin and without an umbilical cord.

Many holy scriptures spoke about the coming of a new preacher. Including the Bible. Muslims claim that there are errors in this book. According to their explanation, on the pages that talk about Christ, they actually talk about Mohammed. One of the main evidence is information that the last prophet will be the same as Moses. And Jesus was conceived without the help of a husband, while the second has an earthly father.

Today there are many messages about who the Prophet Muhammad’s mother was and what her name was, how conception and birth took place, and what miracles happened during the process itself.

Long separation

When the grandfather was shown the child, he was very happy. The old man gave him the name Muhammad, which means “worth praise.”

According to tradition, the child was given to the Bedouin tribe. This was done so that the baby would grow up away from city diseases, harden himself, and study the Arabic language and traditions. For a long time they were looking for a milk mother for the orphan.

Nobody wanted to take the boy in. The nomads were told that there was a young widow in the city who was looking for a wet nurse. Everyone knew the name of the mother of the Prophet Muhammad. They also understood that since the child does not have a father, there would be no one to generously thank them for their upbringing. A woman, Halime bint Abu Zuaib, agreed to take the boy. She had little milk, but as soon as she held the blessed child in her arms, her breasts became full.

Amina rarely saw her son and therefore suffered unimaginably. Nevertheless, she did not break the traditions.

End of life

The separation ended around 577. When the child was 5 years old, his mother took him in with her. Amina decided that the baby should visit his father’s grave in Medina. When the family returned home, the woman fell ill. Feeling the approach of death, the mother told the boy that everything grows old and dies, but she, chosen among people, who helped bring such a miracle as her son into the world, will live forever.

The last refuge was the village of al-Abwa. She was buried there.

Hundreds of years have passed, but the world has not forgotten the name of the mother of the Prophet Muhammad. Amina became a symbol of humility, kindness and love. She still inspires women and helps them in difficult life situations.

The Prophet Muhammad was born in 570, five centuries after Christ. This is the last “generally recognized” messiah who brought a new religion to the world. A Mormon still cannot claim such a status.

Muhammad and the birth of Islam

In Saudi Arabia, where the Prophet Muhammad was born, everyone knows this name. And not only there. Now the teachings of the prophet are known throughout the world.

Every Muslim and many representatives of other religions know in which city the Prophet Muhammad was born. Mecca serves as a place of pilgrimage annually for millions of devout Mohammedans.

Not everyone shares this belief, but it is difficult to find a person who has never heard of Muhammad and Islam.

The great teacher who brought new news to the world occupies the same place in the hearts of Muslims as Jesus occupies the same place in the hearts of Christians. Here lie the origins of the eternal conflict between the Muslim and Christian religions. Those who believed in Christ condemned the Judaizers who did not recognize Jesus as the Messiah and who remained faithful to their ancestors. Muslims, in turn, accepted the teachings of the Messiah Muhammad and do not approve of the views of orthodox Christians, in their opinion, who did not listen to the good news.

Spelling options for the prophet's name

Every Muslim knows in which city (Mohammed, Muhamad).

Such a large number of reading options for the same name is explained by the fact that the pronunciation of the Arabs is somewhat different from that familiar to the Slavic ear, and the sound of the word can only be conveyed approximately, with errors. The “Mohammed” version is generally a classic Gallicism borrowed from European literature, that is, there was a double distortion.

However, one way or another, this name is recognizable in any version of the spelling. But “Muhammad” remains the classic, generally accepted option.

Islam, Christianity and Judaism

It should be noted that Muslims do not dispute the teachings of Christ. They revere him as one of the prophets, but believe that the coming of Muhammad changed the world just as Christ himself changed it 500 years ago. Moreover, Muslims consider not only the Koran, but also the Bible and the Torah as sacred books. It’s just that the Koran occupies a central place in this creed.

Muslims claim that even those who spoke about the coming of the Messiah did not mean Jesus, but Mohammed. They refer to the book of Deuteronomy, chapter 18, verses 18-22. It says that the messiah sent by God will be the same as Moses. Muslims point out the obvious inconsistencies between Jesus and Moses, even though the biographies of Moses and Muhammad are similar in certain ways. Moses was not just a religious figure. He was a patriarch, a prominent politician and a ruler in the literal sense. Moses was rich and successful, he had a large family, wives and children. Indeed, in this respect Mohammed is much more like him than Jesus. In addition, Jesus was conceived immaculately, which cannot be said about Muhammad was born in the city of Mecca, and everyone there knew that his birth was absolutely traditional - the same as that of Moses.

However, opponents of this theory note that it also says that the Messiah will come “from brothers,” and so the ancient Jews could only talk about fellow tribesmen. In Arabia, where the Prophet Muhammad was born, there were and could not be any Jews. Muhammad came from a worthy, respected Arab family, but he could not be a brother to the ancient Jews, as is directly stated in the same

Birth of a Prophet

In the 6th century in Saudi Arabia, where the Prophet Muhammad was born, the majority of the population was pagan. They worshiped numerous ancient gods, and only certain clans were convinced monotheists. It was in such a monotheistic Hochim clan, belonging to the Quraish tribe, that the Prophet Muhammad was born. His father died before the child was born, his mother died when the boy was only six. Little Muhammad was raised by his grandfather, Abd al-Mutallib, a respected patriarch, famous for his wisdom and piety. As a child, Muhammad was a shepherd, then he was taken in by his uncle, a wealthy merchant. Muhammad helped him conduct business, and one day, while making a deal, he met a rich widow named Khadija.

Annunciation

The young merchant turned out to be not only attractive in appearance. He was smart, honest, truthful, pious and benevolent. The woman liked Muhammad and she proposed marriage to him. The young man agreed. They lived for many years in happiness and harmony. Khadija bore six children to Muhammad, and he, despite polygamy traditional in those places, did not take other wives.

This marriage brought prosperity to Muhammad. He was able to devote more time to pious thoughts and often retired to think about God. To do this, he often left the city. One day he went to the mountain, where he especially loved to meditate, and there an angel appeared to the amazed man, bringing the revelation of God. This is how the world first learned about the Koran.

After this, Muhammad devoted his life to serving God. At first he did not dare to preach publicly, he simply talked with those people who showed interest in this topic. But later, Muhammad's statements became more and more bold, he spoke to people, telling them about the new good news. Where the Prophet Muhammad was born, he was known as an undoubtedly religious and honest person, but such statements did not find support. The words of the new prophet and unusual rituals seemed strange and funny to the Arabs.

Medina

Prophet Muhammad was born in the city of Mecca, but his homeland did not accept him. In 619, Khadizhda, Muhammad's beloved wife and loyal supporter, died. Nothing kept him in Mecca anymore. He left the city and headed to Yathrib, where convinced Muslims already lived. On the way, an attempt was made on the prophet's life, but he, being an experienced traveler and fighter, escaped.

When Muhammad arrived in Yathrib, he was greeted by admiring citizens and handed over supreme power to him. Muhammad became the ruler of the city, which he soon renamed Medina - the City of the Prophet.

Return to Mecca

Despite his title, Muhammad never lived in luxury. He and his new wives settled in modest huts, where the prophet spoke to people simply by sitting in the shade of a well.

For almost ten years, Muhammad tried to restore peaceful relations with his hometown, Mecca. But all negotiations ended in failure, despite the fact that there were already quite a few Muslims in Mecca. The city did not accept the new prophet.

In 629, the troops of Mecca destroyed the settlement of a tribe that was on friendly terms with the Muslims of Medina. Then Muhammad, at the head of a huge army of ten thousand at that time, approached the gates of Mecca. And the city, impressed by the power of the army, surrendered without a fight.

So Muhammad was able to return to his native place.

To this day, every Muslim knows where the Prophet Muhammad was born and where this great man is buried. The pilgrimage from Mecca to Medina is considered the highest duty of every follower of Mohammed.